The Italian constitutional referendum took place on 4 December 2016. Opinion polling for the Italian constitutional referendum was ongoing in the months between the announcement of a referendum and the referendum polling day.
Date | Polling Firm | Total | Considering only Yes/No vote | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | ![]() | None / Don't know | Lead | ![]() | ![]() | Lead | |||
9 Nov 2016 | Index Research | 37.3 | 40.7 | 22.0 | 3.4 | 47.8 | 52.2 | 4.4 | |
9 Nov 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 37.0 | 40.0 | 23.0 | 3.0 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
4–6 Nov 2016 | EMG Acqua | 34.8 | 38.3 | 26.9 | 3.5 | 47.6 | 52.4 | 4.8 | |
4–5 Nov 2016 | Instituto Tecnè | 39.5 | 44.5 | 16.0 | 1.0 | 47.0 | 53.0 | 6.0 | |
3–4 Nov 2016 | Demopolis | 35.9 | 38.1 | 26.0 | 2.2 | 48.5 | 51.5 | 3.0 | |
2 Nov 2016 | Eumetra Monterosa | 26.0 | 32.0 | 42.0 | 6.0 | 45.0 | 55.0 | 10.0 | |
2 Nov 2016 | Index Research | 38.1 | 40.9 | 21.0 | 2.8 | 48.2 | 51.8 | 3.6 | |
2 Nov 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 38.0 | 39.0 | 23.0 | 1.0 | 49.0 | 51.0 | 2.0 | |
28–30 Oct 2016 | EMG Acqua | 34.7 | 37.6 | 27.7 | 2.9 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
27–29 Oct 2016 | Istituto Tecnè | 23.0 | 25.8 | 51.2 | 2.8 | 47.1 | 52.9 | 5.8 | |
27–28 Oct 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 25.2 | 27.8 | 47.0 | 2.6 | 47.5 | 52.5 | 5.0 | |
26–27 Oct 2016 | Demopolis | 36.1 | 36.9 | 27.0 | 0.8 | 49.5 | 50.5 | 1.0 | |
26–27 Oct 2016 | Index Research | 39.5 | 41.5 | 19.0 | 2.0 | 48.7 | 51.3 | 2.6 | |
24–27 Oct 2016 | Demos&Pi | 35.0 | 39.0 | 26.0 | 4.0 | 47.3 | 52.7 | 5.4 | |
26 Oct 2016 | Eumetra Monterosa | 23.0 | 27.0 | 50.0 | 4.0 | 46.0 | 54.0 | 8.0 | |
26 Oct 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 37.0 | 40.0 | 23.0 | 2.0 | 48.1 | 51.9 | 3.8 | |
22–23 Oct 2016 | EMG Acqua | 34.7 | 37.8 | 27.5 | 3.1 | 47.9 | 52.1 | 4.2 | |
21–22 Oct 2016 | IPR Marketing | 24.1 | 24.9 | 51.0 | 0.8 | 49.2 | 50.8 | 1.6 | |
21–22 Oct 2016 | Tecnè | 23.3 | 25.7 | 51.0 | 2.4 | 47.5 | 52.5 | 5.0 | |
21–22 Oct 2016 | Tecnè | 23.3 | 25.7 | 51.0 | 2.0 | 47.5 | 52.5 | 5.0 | |
21 Oct 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 25.9 | 28.1 | 46.0 | 2.2 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
18–19 Oct 2016 | Index Research | 38.8 | 41.2 | 20.0 | 2.4 | 48.5 | 51.5 | 3.0 | |
17–19 Oct 2016 | Demopolis | 37.2 | 35.8 | 27.0 | 1.4 | 51.0 | 49.0 | 2.0 | |
18 October 2016 | U.S. President Barack Obama endorses the Yes | ||||||||
15–16 Oct 2016 | EMG Acqua | 33.8 | 37.0 | 29.2 | 3.2 | 47.7 | 52.3 | 4.6 | |
15 Oct 2016 | IPR Marketing | 23.3 | 24.7 | 52.0 | 1.4 | 48.5 | 51.5 | 3.0 | |
14–15 Oct 2016 | Tecnè | 23.5 | 25.5 | 51.0 | 2.0 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
14 Oct 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 25.4 | 28.6 | 46.0 | 3.2 | 47.0 | 53.0 | 6.0 | |
11–12 Oct 2016 | Index Research | 38.9 | 41.1 | 20.0 | 2.2 | 48.6 | 51.4 | 2.8 | |
12 Oct 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 37.0 | 37.0 | 26.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | |
10–12 Oct 2016 | Demopolis | 35.0 | 36.0 | 29.0 | 1.0 | 49.3 | 50.7 | 1.4 | |
8–9 Oct 2016 | EMG Acqua | 32.3 | 36.3 | 31.4 | 3.0 | 47.1 | 52.9 | 5.8 | |
5 Oct 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 38.0 | 37.0 | 25.0 | 1.0 | 50.7 | 49.3 | 1.4 | |
3–5 Oct 2016 | Sondaggi Bidimedia–Bi3 | 23.2 | 26.8 | 50.0 | 3.6 | 46.5 | 53.5 | 7.0 | |
3–4 Oct 2016 | Index Research | 37.7 | 40.3 | 22.0 | 2.6 | 48.3 | 51.7 | 3.4 | |
1–2 Oct 2016 | EMG Acqua | 31.4 | 36.0 | 32.6 | 2.2 | 46.6 | 53.4 | 6.8 | |
30 Sep–1 Oct 2016 | Ipsos SRL | 23.0 | 25.0 | 44.0 | 2.0 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
29–30 Sep 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 25.2 | 27.8 | 47.0 | 2.6 | 47.5 | 52.5 | 5.0 | |
28 Sep 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 38.0 | 36.0 | 26.0 | 2.0 | 51.4 | 48.6 | 2.8 | |
27–28 Sep 2016 | Index Research | 34.4 | 36.6 | 29.0 | 2.2 | 48.5 | 51.5 | 3.0 | |
25–27 Sep 2016 | Demopolis | 35.6 | 36.4 | 28.0 | 0.8 | 49.5 | 50.5 | 1.0 | |
26 September 2016 | The Government announces the date of the referendum | ||||||||
24–25 Sep 2016 | EMG Acqua | 29.6 | 35.5 | 34.9 | 5.9 | 45.5 | 54.5 | 9.0 | |
22–23 Sep 2016 | Lorien Consulting | 37.0 | 36.0 | 27.0 | 1.0 | 50.7 | 49.3 | 1.4 | |
21 Sep 2016 | Eumetra Monterosa | 17.0 | 21.0 | 62.0 | 4.0 | ||||
21 Sep 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 38.0 | 35.0 | 27.0 | 3.0 | 52.1 | 47.9 | 4.2 | |
20–21 Sep 2016 | Index Research | 35.8 | 37.2 | 27.0 | 1.4 | 49.0 | 51.0 | 2.0 | |
17–18 Sep 2016 | EMG Acqua | 30.1 | 34.1 | 35.8 | 4.0 | 46.9 | 53.1 | 6.2 | |
14 Sep 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 39.0 | 37.0 | 24.0 | 2.0 | 52.0 | 48.0 | 4.0 | |
10–11 Sep 2016 | EMG Acqua | 28.5 | 30.8 | 40.7 | 2.3 | 48.1 | 51.9 | 3.8 | |
7 Sep 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 40.0 | 36.0 | 24.0 | 4.0 | 52.6 | 47.4 | 5.2 | |
3–4 Sep 2016 | EMG Acqua | 26.9 | 28.4 | 44.7 | 1.5 | 48.7 | 51.3 | 2.6 | |
31 Aug 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 42.0 | 35.0 | 23.0 | 7.0 | 54.5 | 45.5 | 9.0 | |
24–26 Aug 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 23.5 | 27.5 | 49.0 | 4.0 | 46.0 | 54.0 | 8.0 | |
9–11 Aug 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 23.0 | 26.0 | 51.0 | 3.0 | 47.0 | 53.0 | 6.0 | |
3 Aug 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 45.0 | 36.0 | 19.0 | 9.0 | 55.6 | 44.4 | 11.2 | |
30–31 Jul 2016 | EMG Acqua | 28.9 | 29.5 | 42.0 | 0.6 | 49.1 | 50.9 | 1.8 | |
27–28 Jul 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 21.8 | 24.2 | 54.0 | 2.4 | 47.5 | 52.5 | 5.0 | |
27 Jul 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 44.0 | 38.0 | 18.0 | 6.0 | 53.7 | 46.3 | 7.4 | |
23–24 Jul 2016 | EMG Acqua | 28.5 | 30.1 | 41.4 | 1.6 | 48.6 | 51.4 | 2.8 | |
16–17 Jul 2016 | EMG Acqua | 27.8 | 29.5 | 42.7 | 1.7 | 48.5 | 51.5 | 3.0 | |
16–18 Jul 2016 | Demopolis | 37.0 | 37.0 | 26.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | |
12–13 Jul 2016 | Ipsos SRL | 26.0 | 25.0 | 49.0 | 1.0 | 51.0 | 49.0 | 2.0 | |
11 Jul 2016 | Demos&Pi | 37.0 | 30.0 | 33.0 | 7.0 | 55.2 | 44.8 | 10.4 | |
9–10 Jul 2016 | EMG Acqua | 26.9 | 28.7 | 44.4 | 1.8 | 48.4 | 51.6 | 3.2 | |
15 Jul 2016 | IPR Marketing | 24.0 | 26.0 | 50.0 | 2.0 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
6 Jul 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 27.0 | 32.0 | 41.0 | 5.0 | 45.8 | 54.2 | 8.4 | |
4 Jul 2016 | Euromedia Research | 28.6 | 34.0 | 37.4 | 5.4 | 45.7 | 54.3 | 8.6 | |
2–3 Jul 2016 | EMG Acqua | 27.4 | 29.9 | 42.7 | 2.5 | 47.8 | 52.2 | 4.4 | |
27 Jun 2016 | Euromedia Research | 29.0 | 33.5 | 37.5 | 4.5 | 46.4 | 53.6 | 7.2 | |
25–26 Jun 2016 | EMG Acqua | 29.3 | 29.0 | 41.7 | 0.3 | 50.3 | 49.7 | 0.6 | |
23–24 Jun 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 22.1 | 25.9 | 52.0 | 3.8 | 46.0 | 54.0 | 8.0 | |
23 Jun 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 34.6 | 37.4 | 28.0 | 2.8 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
19 Jun 2016 | Local elections in many important cities (2nd round) | ||||||||
18–19 Jun 2016 | EMG Acqua | 28.6 | 27.2 | 44.2 | 1.4 | 51.3 | 48.7 | 2.6 | |
15 Jun 2016 | Euromedia Research | 29.0 | 33.0 | 38.0 | 4.0 | 46.8 | 53.2 | 6.4 | |
6 Jun 2016 | Euromedia Research | 29.9 | 32.5 | 37.6 | 2.6 | 47.9 | 52.1 | 4.2 | |
5 Jun 2016 | Local elections in many important cities (1st round) | ||||||||
3–4 Jun 2016 | Index Research | 42.0 | 38.0 | 20.0 | 4.0 | 52.5 | 47.5 | 5.0 | |
3–4 Jun 2016 | EMG Acqua | 26.0 | 24.2 | 49.8 | 1.8 | 51.8 | 48.2 | 3.6 | |
21 May 2016 | Just a Yes campaign officially begins | ||||||||
18 May 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 33.1 | 35.9 | 31.0 | 2.8 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
16–17 May 2016 | IPR Marketing | 32.0 | 23.0 | 55.0 | 4.5 | 54.0 | 46.0 | 9.0 | |
16 May 2016 | Istituto Piepoli | 41.0 | 33.0 | 26.0 | 8.0 | 55.4 | 44.6 | 10.8 | |
14–15 May 2016 | EMG Acqua | 26.1 | 23.7 | 50.2 | 2.4 | 52.4 | 47.6 | 4.8 | |
12–14 May 2016 | Index Research | 44.0 | 34.0 | 22.0 | 10.0 | 56.4 | 43.6 | 12.8 | |
13 May 2016 | Tecnè | 29.1 | 25.9 | 45.0 | 3.2 | 53.0 | 47.0 | 6.0 | |
10–13 May 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 29.7 | 30.3 | 40.0 | 0.6 | 49.5 | 50.5 | 1.0 | |
11 May 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 33.1 | 38.9 | 28.0 | 5.8 | 46.0 | 54.0 | 8.0 | |
9 May 2016 | Istituto Piepoli | 46.0 | 28.0 | 26.0 | 8.0 | 62.0 | 38.0 | 24.0 | |
4 May 2016 | Eumetra Monterosa | 17.0 | 26.0 | 57.0 | 9.0 | 39.5 | 60.5 | 21.0 | |
2 May 2016 | Euromedia Research | 30.0 | 32.5 | 37.5 | 2.5 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
29–30 Apr 2016 | Index Research | 50.0 | 30.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 62.5 | 37.5 | 25.0 | |
27 Apr 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 35.7 | 34.3 | 30.0 | 1.4 | 51.0 | 49.0 | 2.0 | |
26–27 Apr 2016 | Demopolis | 27.3 | 19.7 | 53.0 | 7.6 | 58.0 | 42.0 | 16.0 | |
20 Apr 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 36.6 | 32.4 | 31.0 | 4.2 | 53.0 | 47.0 | 6.0 | |
18 Apr 2016 | Euromedia Research | 25.3 | 24.7 | 50.0 | 0.3 | 50.3 | 49.7 | 0.6 | |
15 Apr 2016 | Euromedia Research | 26.0 | 28.1 | 45.9 | 2.1 | 48.1 | 51.9 | 3.8 | |
12–13 Apr 2016 | ScenariPolitici–Winpoll | 29.0 | 32.0 | 39.0 | 3.0 | 47.5 | 52.5 | 5.0 | |
12 Apr 2016 | The Parliament approves the constitutional reform bill | ||||||||
29 Mar 2016 | Euromedia Research | 26.2 | 25.8 | 48.0 | 0.4 | 50.4 | 49.6 | 0.8 | |
10–11 Mar 2016 | Index Research | 52.0 | 25.0 | 23.0 | 27.0 | 68.0 | 32.0 | 36.0 | |
22–25 Feb 2016 | Demetra | 60.0 | 21.0 | 19.0 | 39.0 | 74.0 | 26.0 | 48.0 | |
22–25 Feb 2016 | Demos&Pi | 50.0 | 24.0 | 26.0 | 16.0 | 68.0 | 32.0 | 36.0 | |
17 Feb 2016 | Index Research | 53.0 | 17.0 | 30.0 | 36.0 | 76.0 | 24.0 | 52.0 | |
8 Feb 2016 | Istituto Piepoli | 42.2 | 23.8 | 34.0 | 21.6 | 64.0 | 36.0 | 28.0 | |
5 Jan 2016 | Euromedia Research | 24.0 | 25.0 | 51.0 | 1.0 | 49.0 | 51.0 | 2.0 | |
27–28 Jan 2016 | Ipsos SRL | 21.0 | 16.0 | 63.0 | 5.0 | 57.0 | 43.0 | 14.0 | |
27 Jan 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 45.0 | 36.0 | 19.0 | 9.0 | 56.0 | 44.0 | 12.0 | |
25 Jan 2016 | Ipsos SRL | 22.0 | 15.0 | 63.0 | 7.0 | 59.0 | 41.0 | 18.0 | |
23–24 Jan 2016 | EMG Acqua | 34.5 | 14.8 | 50.7 | 19.7 | 69.9 | 30.1 | 39.8 | |
15–20 Jan 2016 | Index Research | 59.8 | 28.2 | 12.0 | 31.6 | 68.0 | 32.0 | 36.0 | |
13 Jan 2016 | Istituto Ixè | 44.0 | 32.0 | 24.0 | 12.0 | 58.0 | 42.0 | 16.0 | |
9–11 Jan 2016 | Demopolis | 60.0 | 21.0 | 19.0 | 18.2 | 74.0 | 26.0 | 48.0 | |
9–10 Jan 2016 | EMG Acqua | 36.1 | 17.9 | 46.0 | 18.2 | 66.8 | 33.2 | 33.6 | |
16–24 Nov 2015 | Demetra | 60.0 | 18.3 | 21.7 | 18.3 | 68.3 | 31.7 | 36.6 | |
9 Nov 2015 | Euromedia Research | 50.0 | 30.4 | 19.6 | 9.8 | 59.8 | 40.2 | 19.6 | |
30 Oct 2015 | I Vote No campaign officially begins | ||||||||
14 Oct 2015 | Istituto Ixè | 32.0 | 34.0 | 34.0 | 2.0 | 48.0 | 52.0 | 4.0 | |
11–13 Oct 2015 | Demopolis | 67.0 | 18.0 | 15.0 | 49.0 | 79.0 | 21.0 | 58.0 | |
12 Oct 2015 | IPR Marketing | 46.0 | 33.0 | 21.0 | 13.0 | 58.0 | 42.0 | 16.0 | |
12 Oct 2015 | Tecnè | 41.0 | 35.0 | 24.0 | 6.0 | 54.0 | 46.0 | 8.0 | |
5 Oct 2015 | Euromedia Research | 32.8 | 32.5 | 34.7 | 0.3 | 50.2 | 49.8 | 0.4 | |
21 Sep 2015 | Istituto Piepoli | 48.0 | 41.0 | 11.0 | 7.0 | 54.0 | 46.0 | 8.0 | |
31 May 2015 | Regional elections in seven regions | ||||||||
11 Mar 2015 | Istituto Ixè | 28.0 | 41.0 | 31.0 | 4.0 | 41.0 | 59.0 | 18.0 | |
4 Ago 2014 | Istituto Piepoli | 46.0 | 41.0 | 13.0 | 5.0 | 52.9 | 47.1 | 5.8 | |
7 Jul 2014 | Istituto Piepoli | 53.0 | 35.0 | 12.0 | 18.0 | 60.0 | 40.0 | 20.0 | |
28-30 Jun 2014 | Lorien Consulting | 29.0 | 21.0 | 50.0 | 4.0 | 54.0 | 46.0 | 8.0 | |
25 May 2014 | Democratic landslide victory in the European election | ||||||||
7 Apr 2014 | IPR Marketing | 57.0 | 23.0 | 20.0 | 34.0 | 71.0 | 29.0 | 42.0 | |
31 Mar 2014 | Istituto Piepoli | 66.0 | 24.0 | 10.0 | 42.0 | 73.0 | 27.0 | 46.0 | |
31 Mar 2014 | Ipsos SRL | 63.0 | 24.0 | 13.0 | 39.0 | 72.0 | 28.0 | 44.0 | |
Source: Sondaggi Politico Elettorali – Italian Government | |||||||||
The politics of Armenia take place in the framework of the parliamentary representative democratic republic of Armenia, whereby the president of Armenia is the head of state and the prime minister of Armenia the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and the Government. Legislative power is vested in both the Government and Parliament.
The Northern Ireland border poll was a referendum held in Northern Ireland on 8 March 1973 on whether Northern Ireland should remain part of the United Kingdom or join with the Republic of Ireland to form a united Ireland. It was the first time that a major referendum had been held in any region of the United Kingdom. The referendum was boycotted by nationalists and resulted in a conclusive victory for remaining in the UK. On a voter turnout of 58.7 percent, 98.9 percent voted to remain in the United Kingdom, meaning the outcome would not have been impacted without the boycott.
A referendum, in the Italian legal system is a request directed to the whole electorate to express their view on a determined question. It is the main instrument of direct democracy in Italy.
National-level elections in Italy are called periodically to form a parliament consisting of two houses: the Chamber of Deputies with 400 members; and the Senate of the Republic with 200 elected members, plus a few appointed senators for life. Italy is a parliamentary republic: the President of the Republic is elected for a seven-year term by the two houses of Parliament in joint session, together with special electors appointed by the Regional Councils.
Elections in Lithuania are held to select members of the parliament, the president, members of the municipal councils and mayors, as well as delegates to the European Parliament. Lithuanian citizens can also vote in mandatory or consultative referendums.
A seven-question referendum was held in Belarus on 24 November 1996. Four questions were put forward by President Alexander Lukashenko on changing the date of the country's independence day, amending the constitution, changing laws on the sale of land and the abolition of the death penalty. The Supreme Council put forward three questions on constitutional amendments by the Communist and Agrarian factions, local elections and the national finances.
A nationwide referendum was held in Moldova on 5 September 2010 on whether or not the country should amend the Constitution of Moldova to return to direct popular election of the president. Since 2001, the president had been indirectly elected by Parliament, with a supermajority of 61 seats required for election. The voters are asked to answer the following question: "Would you agree with the Constitutional amendment, which would allow the election of the President of the Republic of Moldova by the entire population?" Voters chose one of the proposed options: "Yes (for)" or "No (against)". Of those who had cast their vote, 87.83% chose "Yes". However, the referendum did not pass because only 30.29% of voters turned out, short of the necessary 33% for the referendum to be considered valid.
Two constitutional referendums were held simultaneously in Ireland on 27 October 2011, each on a proposed amendment of the Constitution of Ireland. The proposed amendments are on judicial salaries pay cuts, and to provide additional powers to Oireachtas committees.
The Venetian independence referendum of 2014 was an unofficial, non-binding, online and privately organised poll held among residents of Veneto, one of the 20 regions of Italy, 16–21 March 2014. The vote, known also as the "digital plebiscite" or "Plebiscito.eu", was promoted by Plebiscite 2013, a Venetian nationalist organisation led by Gianluca Busato.
A constitutional referendum was held in Italy on 4 December 2016. Voters were asked whether they approved a constitutional law that amends the Italian Constitution to reform the composition and powers of the Parliament of Italy, as well as the division of powers between the State, the regions, and administrative entities.
A constitutional referendum was held in Tajikistan on 22 May 2016. A total of 41 constitutional amendments were proposed. The changes included:
A constitutional referendum was held in Senegal on 20 March 2016. Proposed by President Macky Sall, it was the fourth constitutional referendum in Senegalese history. The proposed changes to the constitution were approved by 62% of voters. Voter turnout was 39%. A majority voted in favour in thirteen of the fourteen regions, with only Diourbel Region seeing a majority against.
The right of expatriates to vote in elections in their country of origin varies depending on the legislation of an expatriate's country of origin. Some countries grant their expatriate citizens unlimited voting rights, identical to those of citizens living in their home country. Other countries allow expatriate citizens to vote only for a certain number of years after leaving the country, after which they are no longer eligible to vote. Other countries reserve the right vote solely to citizens living in that country, thereby stripping expatriate citizens of their voting rights once they leave their home country.
The European Union (Referendum) Act 2016 was an Act of the Gibraltar Parliament, which implements the United Kingdom's European Union Referendum Act 2015 in Gibraltar. It was the first time a referendum has been held in Gibraltar on the issue of continued EU membership since the territory joined along with the United Kingdom in 1973 and was the first time that any British Overseas Territory had participated in a UK-wide referendum. The Act commenced on 26 January 2016, and received assent from the Governor of Gibraltar on 28 January 2016.
Opinion polling on Scottish independence is continually being carried out by various organisations. This article concerns well over 240 polls carried out since the 2014 Scottish independence referendum. Polling conducted before the referendum can be found here. Polls listed here, except as noted, are by members of the British Polling Council (BPC) and abide by its disclosure rules.
A constitutional referendum was held in Ivory Coast on 30 October 2016. Voters were asked whether they approve of a proposed new constitution. The new constitution would create a Senate, remove the nationality clause from the presidential requirements and establish the post of Vice-President. The constitution was approved by 93.42% of votes with a 42.42% turnout, as announced by the president of the Independent Electoral Commission (CEI).
A constitutional law, in the Italian legal system, is an Act of Parliament that has the same strength as the Constitution of Italy. This means that in case of conflicts between the Constitution and a constitutional law, the latter normally prevails, according to the legal principle that "a later law repeals an earlier law".
A constitutional referendum about the reduction of the size of the Italian Parliament was held in Italy on 20 and 21 September 2020. Initially scheduled to be held on 29 March, the referendum was postponed following the spread of the coronavirus pandemic in Italy and subsequent lockdown.
A constitutional referendum was held in Guinea on 22 March 2020, alongside parliamentary elections. The new constitution would reset presidential term limits, allowing president Alpha Condé to be elected for a third term, among other changes.
A constitutional referendum was held in Belarus on 27 February 2022. The referendum was ordered by President Alexander Lukashenko in January 2022. According to political analysts, changes to the Belarusian constitution were intended to solidify the power of Lukashenko's regime after the mass protests in 2020 and 2021, which challenged his rule and was brutally suppressed by police. More than 35,000 people were arrested, 1,070 of whom are acknowledged political prisoners. The changes to Constitution allow Lukashenko to remain in office until 2035 and empower the All-Belarusian People's Assembly, an extra-parliamentary body dominated by government supporters. The changes also renounced Belarus's nuclear-free zone status, allowing Belarus to host nuclear weapons for the first time since the fall of the Soviet Union; the lead-up to the referendum occurred as Russia amassed its troops in both Russia and Belarus in the prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, and the election itself was held several days after Russia began its military offensive into Ukraine.