A scrum is a method of restarting play in rugby that involves players packing closely together with their heads down and attempting to gain possession of the ball. Depending on whether it is in rugby union or rugby league, the scrum is utilized either after an accidental infringement or when the ball has gone out of play. Scrums occur more often, and are now of greater importance, in union than in league. Starting play from the line of scrimmage in gridiron football is derived from the scrum.
In the game of rugby union, there are 15 players on each team, comprising eight forwards and seven backs. In addition, there may be up to eight replacement players "on the bench", numbered 16–23. Players are not restricted to a single position, although they generally specialise in just one or two that suit their skills and body types. Players that play multiple positions are called "utility players".
A rugby league team consists of thirteen players on the field, with four substitutes on the bench. Each of the thirteen players is assigned a position, normally with a standardised number, which reflects their role in attack and defence, although players can take up any position at any time.
Five-eighth or Stand-off is one of the positions in a rugby league football team. Wearing jersey number 6, this player is one of the two half backs in a team, partnering the scrum-half. Sometimes known as the pivot or second receiver, in a traditional attacking 'back-line'. play the five-eighth would receive the ball from the scrum half, who is the first receiver of the ball from the dummy-half or hooker following a tackle.
Martin "Marty" Mulligan is a former tennis player from Australia. He is best known for reaching the men's singles final at Wimbledon in 1962, where he was defeated by fellow Australian Rod Laver.
Andrew "Andy" Gregory is an English former professional rugby league footballer. A Great Britain international representative scrum-half, he is an inductee of the Wigan Hall of Fame. He was also the first man to win the Lance Todd Trophy twice, first player to win five Challenge Cup Final winners medals, first player to play in eight Challenge Cup finals, only one of only two players to have played in six Ashes series against Australia ; Andy Gregory and Garry Schofield.
Patrick Aloysius "Paddy" McCue was an Australian representative rugby union player and pioneer rugby league footballer. He was a dual-code rugby international and an Olympic gold medallist.
Between late 1957 and March 1958 the Australia national rugby union team – the Wallabies – conducted a world tour encompassing Britain, Ireland, France and Canada on which they played five Tests and thirty-one minor tour matches. The Wallabies won 17, lost 16 and drew three of their games in total. They lost all five Tests of the tour.
Patrick Schliwa is a German international rugby union player, playing for the Heidelberger RK in the Rugby-Bundesliga and the German national rugby union team.
Patrick Mulligan (1912–1990) was Roman Catholic Lord Bishop of Clogher in Ireland.
Edmund Dore (1880–1964) was a rugby union player who represented Australia.
Philip Patrick "Phil" Carmichael was a rugby union player who represented Australia. He won a gold medal in rugby at the 1908 Summer Olympics.
Ernest Austin Stanislaus "Bill" Cody was a rugby union player who represented Australia.
Desmond Patrick "Des" Bannon was a rugby union player who represented Australia.
Patrick B. Harvey was a rugby union player who represented Australia.
Paul Patrick Scott Costello was a rugby union player who represented Australia.
James Mulligan is a professional Australian rules football player who was listed for the Western Bulldogs in the Australian Football League (AFL) until his retirement at the end of the 2012 season. He was drafted to the Western Bulldogs as their first pick and 4th pick overall in the 2008 Rookie Draft. Mulligan was elevated to the Bulldog's senior list with the 92nd selection in the 2009 AFL Draft. He formerly played for the AFL Queensland team the Southport Sharks.
