References
- ↑ "Seepage Through Earthen Dams - Soil Mechanics - Civil Engineering". study.madeeasy.in. 2024-09-05. Retrieved 2025-05-30.
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The top flow line of a saturated soil mass below which seepage takes place, is called the Phreatic line.
Hydrostatic pressure acts below the phreatic line whereas atmospheric pressure exists above the phreatic line. [1] This line separates a saturated soil mass from an unsaturated soil mass. It is not an equipotential line, but a flow line.
For an earthen dam, the phreatic line approximately assumes the shape of a parabola.
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