The Queen's Nursing Institute Scotland (QNIS) is a charity which promotes high quality community nursing. [1] Based in Edinburgh, the body was founded in 1889 with the opening of the small Central Training Home at North Charlotte Street. Due to the high demand for training for district nurses, the QNIS soon moved (in 1890) to the grand premises at Castle Street, where it remains.
Following the work of William Rathbone in Liverpool in 1859, district nursing developed a similar approach in Scotland. The Glasgow Sick Poor and Private Nursing Association was founded by Mrs Mary Orrell Higginbotham in 1875. Higginbotham was the wife of a Glasgow merchant. [2] She undertook an apprenticeship in the Glasgow Western Infirmary and Miss McAlpine's Training Home. At the end of the first year of operation of The Glasgow Sick Poor and Private Nursing Association only one district nurse had been employed, who treated 100 cases in their homes. In the seven years prior to Higginbotham’s death 15,000 cases had been cared for. [3] In 1887 Queen Victoria used her golden jubilee to gift £70,000 for the creation of the Queen Victoria Jubilee Institute for Nurses. This funding was for educating nurses on how to care for people in their own homes with funds allocated to London, Edinburgh and Dublin branches. [4] The Glasgow Sick Poor and Private Nursing Association became the Glasgow training centre for Queen’s Nurses in 1889. By 1891, 12 local associations affiliated to the Queen's Institute. [5] In the year 1900 there were 199 Queen’s Nurses in Scotland working under 111 Associations. [6] Miss Guthrie Wright was the first secretary of the QNIS.
The original title Queen's Nurse was reintroduced in 2017, to be awarded to leaders in clinical excellence in the fields of community-based, registered nursing, midwifery and health visiting.
The founding charter states the goal of the organisation, still applicable today:
"The training support and maintenance of women to act as nurses for the sick poor and the establishment (if thought proper) of a home or homes for nurses and generally the promotion and provision of improved means of nursing the sick poor."
William Rathbone VI was an English merchant and businessman noted for his philanthropic and public work. He was also a Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1868 and 1895.
The Glasgow Royal Infirmary (GRI) is a large teaching hospital. With a capacity of around 1,000 beds, the hospital campus covers an area of around 8 hectares, and straddles the Townhead and Dennistoun districts on the north-eastern fringe of the city centre of Glasgow, Scotland. It is managed by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. It was originally opened in 1794, with the present main building dating from 1914, with a major extension completed in 1982.
District Nurses work manage care within the community and lead teams of community nurses and support workers. The role requires registered nurses to take a NMC approved specialist practitioner course. Duties generally include visiting house-bound patients and providing advice and care such as palliative care, wound management, catheter and continence care and medication support. Their work involves both follow-up care for recently discharged hospital inpatients and longer-term care for chronically ill patients who may be referred by many other services, as well as working collaboratively with general practitioners in preventing unnecessary or avoidable hospital admissions.
The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh (RIE) was established in 1729, and is the oldest voluntary hospital in Scotland. The new buildings of 1879 were claimed to be the largest voluntary hospital in the United Kingdom, and later on, the Empire. The hospital moved to a new 900 bed site in 2003 in Little France. It is the site of clinical medicine teaching as well as a teaching hospital for the University of Edinburgh Medical School. In 1960 the first successful kidney transplant performed in the UK was at this hospital. In 1964 the world's first coronary care unit was established at the hospital. It is the only site for liver, pancreas, and pancreatic islet cell transplantation in Scotland, and one of the country's two sites for kidney transplantation. In 2012, the Emergency Department had 113,000 patient attendances, the highest number in Scotland. It is managed by NHS Lothian.
Louisa Stevenson was a Scottish campaigner for women's university education, women's suffrage and effective, well-organised nursing. She was the co-founder of Edinburgh’s Queen Margaret University.
The Queen's Nursing Institute (QNI) is a charity that works to improve the nursing care of people in their own homes in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. It does not operate in Scotland, where the Queen's Nursing Institute Scotland performs a similar function. The QNI is also affiliated to the Queen's Institute of District Nursing in Ireland. The QNI is a member of the International Council of Nurses.
Sir George Washington Browne was a Scottish architect. He was born in Glasgow, and trained there and in London. He spent most of his career in Edinburgh, although his work can be found throughout Scotland and beyond. He was involved in nearly 300 projects, including many public and commercial buildings. One of his most notable buildings is Edinburgh's Central Library, and he became recognised as an authority on library planning and design. He came to national attention after winning a competition to design a bridge over the River Thames in London, although this was never realised. He was the first architect to be elected as President of the Royal Scottish Academy. He also served as President of the Edinburgh Architectural Association, and was instrumental in setting up the Royal Fine Art Commission for Scotland.
The Victoria infirmary was a teaching hospital situated at Langside/Battlefield in the south-east of Glasgow from 1880 until 2015. It was managed by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde.
Several hospitals and former hospitals are known formally or informally as Royal Hospital or simply The Royal, indicating some form of royal patronage, such as sponsorship, usage, or creation by royal charter.
William Leiper FRIBA RSA (1839–1916) was a Scottish architect known particularly for his domestic architecture in and around the town of Helensburgh. In addition, he produced a small amount of fine ecclesiastical and commercial architecture in Glasgow and the Scottish Lowlands. He was also an accomplished watercolour artist, and from the late 1870s spent much spare time painting in oils and watercolours.
Florence Sarah Lees was one of the English pioneers of district nursing.
Louisa Jordan was a Scottish nurse who died in service during the First World War.
The history of nursing in the United Kingdom relates to the development of the profession since the 1850s. The history of nursing itself dates back to ancient history, when the sick were cared for in temples and places of worship. In the early Christian era, nursing in the United Kingdom was undertaken by certain women in the Christian Church, their services being extended to patients in their homes. These women had no real training by today's standards, but experience taught them valuable skills, especially in the use of herbs and folk drugs, and some gained fame as the physicians of their era. Remnants of the religious nature of nurses remains in Britain today, especially with the retention of the job title "Sister" for a senior female nurse.
Greenock Royal Infirmary was a health facility in Greenock, Scotland. Its original Hospital or Infirmary of 1809 stood in Inverkip Street, it was subsequently extended round into East Shaw Street, then in 1869 a new building on the adjacent site at 2 Duncan Street formed the main address of the Hospital and Infirmary. It was renamed the Greenock Royal Infirmary in 1922.
Rachel FrancesLumsden was a British nurse, and hospital manager.
Elsie Margaret Wagg was an English philanthropist. She is credited with creating the idea of opening gardens for charity, and co-founded the National Garden Scheme.
Anne Campbell Gibson was matron of the Birmingham Union Infirmary (1888-1912) and notable for her contributions to workhouse nursing and pioneering the establishment of infirmaries separate from workhouses and staffed with trained nurses.