The Revenu minimum d'insertion (RMI) was a French form of social welfare. It is aimed at people without any income who are of working age but do not have any other rights to unemployment benefits (such as contributions-based unemployment benefits). It was created in 1988 by Jean-Michel Belorgey, by the government of Michel Rocard (Socialist Party), and aimed at helping people who had the most problems with finding work.
The RMI has been fully replaced by the Revenu de solidarité active (RSA) in 2009, after a transition starting in 2007.
Recipients must fulfill the following conditions:
According to an INSEE 2001 study, a quarter of the RMI beneficents were either employed or in a remunerated internship. During the 21 months preceding the study, half of the beneficents passed through a period of employment, generally part-time, and a quarter only contrat à durée indéterminée (indeterminate length contract). The medium wage of the active people was of €610, after taxes. [1]
In 1994, in Metropolitan France, the number of claimants of RMI was 783,436; ten years later (in June 2004), it had increased to 1,041,026. In the DOM, it was 105,033 in 1994, and 152,892 in June 2004. [2] By 31 December 2005, the figure stood at 1,112,400. [3] From December 2004 to December 2005, the number of RMI claimants increased by 4,7% according to Secours catholique NGO [4]
In 2004, the government of Jean-Pierre Raffarin created the Revenu minimum d'activité (RMA), which is designed to replace the RMI. The RMA enforces the obligations for claimants to find work much more strictly.
The economy of France is highly developed and free-market-oriented. It is the world's seventh-largest economy by 2020 nominal figures and the tenth-largest economy by PPP. As of September 30, 2020, it is the 3rd largest economy of Europe, after the economy of Germany and the United Kingdom.
Lionel Jospin is a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France from 1997 to 2002.
Michel Rocard was a French politician and a member of the Socialist Party (PS). He served as Prime Minister under François Mitterrand from 1988 to 1991, during which he created the Revenu minimum d'insertion (RMI), a social minimum welfare program for indigents, and achieved the Matignon Accords regarding the status of New Caledonia. He was a member of the European Parliament, and was strongly involved in European policies until 2009. In 2007, he joined a Commission under the authority of Nicolas Sarkozy's Minister of Education, Xavier Darcos.
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Guaranteed minimum income (GMI), also called minimum income, is a social-welfare system that guarantees all citizens or families an income sufficient to live on, provided that certain eligibility conditions are met, typically: citizenship; a means test; and either availability to participate in the labor market, or willingness to perform community services.
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The Hartz concept, also known as Hartz reforms or the Hartz plan, is a set of recommendations submitted by a committee on reforms to the German labour market in 2002. Named after the head of the committee, Peter Hartz, these recommendations went on to become part of the German government's Agenda 2010 series of reforms, known as Hartz I – Hartz IV. The committee devised thirteen "innovation modules", which recommended changes to the German labour market system. These were then gradually put into practice: The measures of Hartz I – III were undertaken between January 1, 2003, and 2004, while Hartz IV was implemented on January 1, 2005.
Catherine ("Cathy") Tanvier is a former tennis player from France.
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Jean-Pierre Worms was a French sociologist and former parliamentarian who was active in the associative sector.
A job guarantee (JG) is an economic policy proposal aimed at providing a sustainable solution to the dual problems of inflation and unemployment. Its aim is to create full employment and price stability by having the state promise to hire unemployed workers as an employer of last resort (ELR).
The Revenu de solidarité active (RSA) is a French form of in work welfare benefit aimed at reducing the barrier to return to work. It was implemented on 1 June 2009 by the French government.
Welfare in France includes all systems whose purpose is to protect people against the financial consequences of social risks.
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The Grenelle de l'insertion or Grenelle Insertion, concluded on 27 May 2008, refers to an open multi-party debate in France that gathered representatives of national and local government and organizations on an equal footing, with goal of unifying a position on the reform of the national policy of insertion. It insisted on the need to reform the insertion system to make it more attractive for people to return to work. It was held from November 2007 to May 2008, instigated by President Nicolas Sarkozy. It led to various reforms, among them the implementation of the Revenue of Active Solidarity (RSA) in 2008.
Unemployment insurance in France was first established in 1958. Benefits and contributions are set by the independent body called UNEDIC which is controlled equally by Trade Unions and Employer associations. Unemployment benefits are paid only to those persons who fulfill certain requirements.
R v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions [2013] UKSC 68 is a United Kingdom constitutional law and labour law case that found the conduct of the Department for Work and Pensions "workfare" policy was unlawful. Caitlin Reilly, an unemployed geology graduate, and Jamieson Wilson, an unemployed driver, challenged the Jobcentre policy of making the unemployed work for private companies to get unemployment income. The outcome of the case affects over 3,000 claimants and entails around £130m unpaid benefits.
The Prime pour l'emploi (PPE) is a French tax credit aimed at reducing the impact of falling Revenu de solidarité active for people returning to work. Implemented in 2001 by the government of Lionel Jospin, it is paid in the form of a yearly tax credit that may also exceed the amount of income tax due.
The Rocard government was the Government of France headed by Prime Minister Michel Rocard. It was originally formed on 10 May 1988 by the presidential decree of President François Mitterrand. It was composed of members from the Socialist Party. The second Rocard government was dissolved on 15 May 1991 when Édith Cresson was chosen by Mitterrand to form the next cabinet.
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