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Phonology is a branch of linguistics that studies how languages or dialects systematically organize their sounds. The term also refers to the sound system of any particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology only related to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages. Now it may relate to
Heinz Joachim Giegerich is a Scottish linguist of German nationality, and Emeritus Professor of English Linguistics in the School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Science of the University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
In linguistics, intonation is variation in spoken pitch when used, not for distinguishing words as sememes, but, rather, for a range of other functions such as indicating the attitudes and emotions of the speaker, signalling the difference between statements and questions, and between different types of questions, focusing attention on important elements of the spoken message and also helping to regulate conversational interaction.
Janet Pierrehumbert is Professor of Language Modeling in the Oxford e-Research Centre at the University of Oxford and a senior research fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. She developed an intonational model which includes a grammar of intonation patterns and an explicit algorithm for calculating pitch contours in speech, as well as an account of intonational meaning. It has been widely influential in speech technology, psycholinguistics, and theories of language form and meaning. Pierrehumbert is also affiliated with the New Zealand Institute of Language Brain and Behaviour at the University of Canterbury.
Mark Jerome Steedman, FBA, FRSE is a computational linguist and cognitive scientist.
Mary Esther Beckman is a Professor of Linguistics at the Ohio State University. She edited the Journal of Phonetics from 1990 to 1994. Perhaps her most significant contribution to linguistics is the fact that in 1987, together with John Kingston, she organized the first Laboratory Phonology conference at Columbus, Ohio, and served with Kingston as series editor for the Cambridge University Press series Papers in Laboratory Phonology from 1987 through 2004. The laboratory phonology movement was one of the two most important developments during the 1990s in the linguistic subdisciplines that study language sound systems, and gave rise to the Association for Laboratory Phonology. The other important development was Optimality Theory.
Aditi Lahiri is an Indian-born British linguist and has held the Chair of Linguistics at the University of Oxford since 2007. She is a Fellow of Somerville College, Oxford. Her main research interests are in phonology, phonetics, historical linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neurolinguistics.
Laboratory phonology is an approach to phonology that emphasizes the synergy between phonological theory and scientific experiments, including laboratory studies of human speech and experiments on the acquisition and productivity of phonological patterns. The central goal of laboratory phonology is "gaining an understanding of the relationship between the cognitive and physical aspects of human speech" through the use of an interdisciplinary approach that promotes scholarly exchange across disciplines, bridging linguistics with psychology, electrical engineering, and computer science, and other fields. Although spoken speech has represented the major area of research, the investigation of sign languages and manual signs as encoding elements is also included in laboratory phonology. Important antecedents of the field include work by Kenneth N. Stevens and Gunnar Fant on the acoustic theory of speech production, Ilse Lehiste's work on prosody and intonation, and Peter Ladefoged's work on typological variation and methods for data capture. Current research in laboratory phonology draws heavily on the theories of metrical phonology and autosegmental phonology which are sought to be tested with help of experimental procedures, in laboratory settings, or through linguistic data collection at field sites, and though evaluation with statistical methods, such as exploratory data analysis.
Carlos Gussenhoven is a professor of linguistics at Radboud University Nijmegen. He specializes in phonetics and phonology.
Ilse Lehiste was an Estonian-born American linguist, author of many studies in phonetics.
Pitch accent is a term used in autosegmental-metrical theory for local intonational features that are associated with particular syllables. Within this framework, pitch accents are distinguished from both the abstract metrical stress and the acoustic stress of a syllable. Different languages specify different relationships between pitch accent and stress placement.
Jacqueline Vaissière is a French phonetician.
Klaus J. Kohler is one of the leading German phoneticians.
Julia Hirschberg is an American computer scientist noted for her research on computational linguistics and natural language processing. She is currently the Percy K. and Vida L. W. Hudson Professor of Computer Science at Columbia University.
Janet Fletcher is an Australian linguist. She completed her BA at the University of Queensland in 1981 and then moved to the United Kingdom and received her PhD from the University of Reading in 1989.
Donca Steriade is a professor of Linguistics at MIT. Prior to this, she was a professor of Linguistics at UCLA. She earned her Ph.D. from MIT's Department of Linguistics and Philosophy in 1982, her M.A. from Université Laval in 1976, and her B.A. (licență) in Philology from the University of Bucharest in 1974. She was inducted as LSA Fellow in 2015. She was invited to give the Edward Sapir lecture at the 2009 LSA Linguistic Institute and she was an instructor at the 2007 LSA Linguistic Institute. She is the daughter of neuroscientist Mircea Steriade.
Jane Setter is a British phonetician. She teaches at the University of Reading, where she is Professor of Phonetics. She is best known for work on the pronunciation of British and Hong Kong English, and on speech prosody in atypical populations.
Harry van der Hulst is Full Professor of linguistics and Director of Undergraduate Studies at the Department of Linguistics of the University of Connecticut. He has been editor-in-chief of the international SSCI peer-reviewed linguistics journal The Linguistic Review since 1990 and he is co-editor of the series ‘Studies in generative grammar’. He is a Life Fellow of the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study, and a board member of the European linguistics organization GLOW.
Eugénie Jane Andrina Henderson, FBA was a British linguist and academic, specialising in phonetics. From 1964 to 1982, she was Professor of Phonetics at the University of London. She served as Chair of the Linguistics Association of Great Britain from 1977 to 1980, and President of the Philological Society from 1984 to 1988.
Sun-Ah Jun is a Korean-American professor of linguistics at the University of California, Los Angeles.
References
- ↑ "D. Robert Ladd, FBA", Department of Linguistics and English Language, University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
- ↑ "Curriculum Vitae: D. Robert Ladd" (University of Edinburgh). Retrieved 2 July 2018.
- ↑ "The structure of intonational meaning by Dwight Robert Ladd, Jr.", University of Cornell Library Catalogue. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
- 1 2 "Professor Robert Ladd", British Academy. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
- ↑ "Ladd, Robert Dwight", Academia Europaea. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
