S Carinae

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S Carinae
Carina constellation map.svg
Red circle.svg
Location of S Carinae (circled in red)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0        Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Carina
Right ascension 10h 09m 21.894s [1]
Declination −61° 32′ 56.43″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)4.5 - 10.0 [2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage AGB [3]
Spectral type K5e - M6e [2]
U−B color index +0.93 to +1.93 [4]
B−V color index +1.43 to +2.60 [4]
Variable type Mira [2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)289.30 [5] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: −94.237 [1] mas/yr
Dec.: 76.811 [1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)2.0110±0.0855  mas [1]
Distance 1,620 ± 70  ly
(500 ± 20  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)−0.71 to −3.41 [6]
Details
Mass 0.6 [7]   M☉
Radius 120 [7]   R☉
Luminosity 2,200 [4]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)−0.9 - 1.0 [8]   cgs
Temperature 3,050 - 3,590 [8]   K
Other designations
HR  3999, HD  88366, CP−60°1701, HIP  49751, SAO  250840, GC 13971
Database references
SIMBAD data
Visual band light curve of S Carinae, from AAVSO data SCarLightCurve.png
Visual band light curve of S Carinae, from AAVSO data

S Carinae (HD 88366) is a variable star in the constellation Carina, approximately 1,620 light years from Earth.

S Carinae is an M-type red giant. Benjamin Apthorp Gould discovered the variable star, in 1871. It appeared with its variable star designation, S Carinae, in Annie Jump Cannon's 1907 work, Second Catalogue of Variable Stars. [10] It is classified as a Mira type variable star and its brightness varies between magnitude +4.5 and +10.0 with a period of 149.49 days. [2] When it is near its maximum brightness, it is visible to the naked eye. It has one of the earliest spectral types, and hence the hottest temperatures, of any Mira variable, and has a relatively short period for the class. [11] The temperature of this pulsing star is highest at visual brightness maximum and lowest at visual brightness minimum. [8]

S Carinae has exhausted its core hydrogen and expanded to become a red giant. It has also exhausted its core helium and evolved to the asymptotic giant branch, where it fuses hydrogen and helium in separate shells outside the core. [11] [3]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1: B/GCVS. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  3. 1 2 Eggen, Olin J. (1992). "Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars Near the Sun". The Astronomical Journal. 104: 275. Bibcode:1992AJ....104..275E. doi:10.1086/116239.
  4. 1 2 3 Eggen, O. J. (1972). "Narrow-and broad-band photometry of red stars. VII. Luminosities and temperatures for halo-population red stars of high luminosity". The Astrophysical Journal. 172: 639. Bibcode:1972ApJ...172..639E. doi:10.1086/151383.
  5. ↑ Gontcharov, G. A. (2006). "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system". Astronomy Letters. 32 (11): 759–771. arXiv: 1606.08053 . Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G. doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065. S2CID   119231169.
  6. ↑ Celis, L. (1995). "Luminosity Attenuation and Distances of Red Giant Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 98: 701. Bibcode:1995ApJS...98..701C. doi:10.1086/192175.
  7. 1 2 Willson, L. A.; Wallerstein, G.; Pilachowski, C. A. (1982). "Atmospheric kinematics of high velocity long period variables". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 198 (2): 483–516. Bibcode:1982MNRAS.198..483W. doi: 10.1093/mnras/198.2.483 .
  8. 1 2 3 Shinkawa, Donna (1973). "The Mira Variable S Carinae". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 25: 253. Bibcode:1973ApJS...25..253S. doi: 10.1086/190269 .
  9. ↑ "Download Data". aavso.org. AAVSO. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  10. ↑ Cannon, Annie J. (1907). "Second catalogue of variable stars". Annals of Harvard College Observatory. 55: 1–94. Bibcode:1907AnHar..55....1C.
  11. 1 2 Schultheis, M.; Glass, I. S. (2001). "Asymptotic giant branch variables in Baade's Windows". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 327 (4): 1193–1200. Bibcode:2001MNRAS.327.1193S. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04825.x .
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