Spanda is a public art work by Australian born artist Christian de Vietri located at Elizabeth Quay in Perth, Western Australia. It was installed in January 2016. The sculpture is elegant, abstract, and minimalist, giving the impression of an ever-expanding vibrational pattern. It has been described as a celebration of the "union of the individual with the universal". [1] It measures 29 x 16 x 1 metres (95ft, or 9 stories high). Spanda is the world’s tallest freestanding structure made of carbon fibre. [1] [2]
In September 2014, the Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority in Perth, Western Australia, released an open call for proposals for an artist to create a signature artwork for the Elizabeth Quay development on the Swan River. Several hundred applications were received, and five artists were shortlisted. In March 2015, a panel of 10 individuals unanimously voted to award Christian de Vietri the $1,380,000 commission to create Spanda. [3]
The artwork is a series of six gloss-white nested arches that are the same shape but varying exponentially in size. The thickness of each arch tapers as it rises from the ground, reaching its finest diameter at the top. The smallest arch is a comfortable frame for a human body, or two. The largest arch reaches 9 stories high, encompassing the smaller five, and reaching beyond the height of some buildings around it. The artwork seems to complete itself by the presence of a human being. When someone stands inside the arch, the shape and the repetitions of the form suggest contours of a moving field surrounding the individual's body, and create the impression of an infinite vibration inwards and/or outwards. [4]
There is a pattern of self-similarity in the way the form is exponentially repeated, which the artists says was "intended to trigger the viewer’s own inner experience of 'the whole being contained within all the parts', the recognition of themselves as individual expressions of the universal, intimately interconnected and one with their total environment". [5] This could be compared to what William Blake describes in Auguries of Innocence: “To see a World in a Grain of Sand, And a Heaven in a Wild Flower, Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand, And Eternity in an hour”. [6]
Spanda was conceived and situated by the artist to function harmoniously with the site, Elizabeth Quay, which was designed by ARM Architecture and was being constructed at the same time as the sculpture. Gaps between each arch allow people to walk through the sculpture. The sculpture is installed such that the curvature of the form contrasts with the gridded square buildings behind it, without obscuring the city view. [1]
The title was inspired by de Vietri's experience with the spanda teachings of Kashmir Shaivism. [7] Spanda, is a Sanskrit word meaning “divine vibration”, or pulse. This term is used to describe how consciousness, at the subtlest level, moves in waves of contraction and expansion. Spanda, according to Kashmir Shaivism, is the creative pulse of the Absolute as it manifests into the dynamism of Relative form. It might be understood as the universal desire to manifest, like an eternal spring, joyfully over-flowing and always full. [8] De Vietri is said to have designed the sculpture both as a formal embodiment of this spanda principle, and as a tool, or means, to experience it. [9]
Spanda was designed by de Vietri using 3D modelling software. To create the structure, carbon fibre manufacturing and design technologies from the aerospace industry were re-purposed by a team of fabricators and engineers. This enabled a unique civil structure that could not have been delivered in traditional materials. Initial tests indicated that it was impossible to make the sculpture in other materials, such as steel. The sculpture was fabricated by the Brisbane based company ShapeShift over a period of nine months. Adam Mitchell was the engineer for the project. Mitchell engineered the sculpture in such a way that maintained the seamlessness and elegance of de Vietri’s design, while at the same time being very strong, even at the finer apex of the form, 30m off the ground. Moulds for each element were CNC milled and then formed in carbon fiber reinforced polymer. The arches were made in sections that were then joined on site. The sculpture is coated in a highly durable gloss white finish. [10] [11]
The installation of the sculpture took ten days, the final arch being crane-lifted into place on 22 January 2016. [12]
The lighting of the sculpture was designed by de Vietri in collaboration with the Melbourne based lighting design company Electrolight. The lights are focused to light up the inner face of each arch, making the sculpture appear as if light were radiating out from the centre of the form. [11]
The official opening of Elizabeth Quay and unveiling of Spanda occurred on 29 January 2016, and was attended by over 30,000 people. [9]
Data from the Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority showed that 6.6 million people visited the sculpture site in its first year of opening. [13] Spanda has been embraced as an icon for the City of Perth, appearing daily as the backdrop for local news shows, and constantly serving as a backdrop for public activities that take place at Elizabeth Quay. It is a featured in many souvenirs, postcards, and products from Perth. Various yoga, health, and fitness groups have had activities and events under the arches. Weddings take place there frequently. A pop-up Dîner en Blanc was organized around the sculpture. [12] A sculpture of the Buddha was installed under the arches for the Buddha's Birthday celebration on 8 April 2018. [14]
Shaivism is one of the major Hindu traditions, which worships Shiva as the Supreme Being. One of the largest Hindu denominations, it incorporates many sub-traditions ranging from devotional dualistic theism such as Shaiva Siddhanta to yoga-orientated monistic non-theism such as Kashmiri Shaivism. It considers both the Vedas and the Agama texts as important sources of theology. According to a 2010 estimate by Johnson and Grim, Shaivism is the second-largest Hindu sect, constituting about 253 million or 26.6% of Hindus.
A sculpture garden or sculpture park is an outdoor garden or park which includes the presentation of sculpture, usually several permanently sited works in durable materials in landscaped surroundings.
Swami Lakshman Joo, born Lakshman Raina and also called Lal Sahib by his followers, was a mystic and scholar of Kashmir Shaivism.
The Kashmir Shaivism tradition, also called Trika Shaivism, is a non-dualist branch of Shaiva-Shakta Tantra Hinduism that originated in Kashmir after 850 CE. In its place of origin in Kashmir, this tradition is commonly referred to as "Kashmiri Shaivism." It later spread beyond Kashmir, with its great scholar Abhinavagupta calling it "Trika". It particularly flourished in the states of Odisha and Maharashtra. Defining features of the Trika tradition are its idealistic and monistic Pratyabhijna ("Recognition") philosophical system, propounded by Utpaladeva and Abhinavagupta, and the centrality of the three goddesses Parā, Parāparā, and Aparā.
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Elizabeth Quay railway station, also known as Esplanade station prior to 2016, is an underground railway station on the southern side of the Perth central business district in Western Australia.
Island Bridge, formerly Sarah or Sarah's Bridge, is a road bridge spanning the River Liffey, in Dublin, Ireland which joins the South Circular Road to Conyngham Road at the Phoenix Park.
St George's Cathedral is the principal Anglican church in the city of Perth, Western Australia, and the mother-church of the Anglican Diocese of Perth. It is located on St Georges Terrace in the centre of the city.
The Agamas are a collection of several Tantric literature and scriptures of Hindu schools. The term literally means tradition or "that which has come down", and the Agama texts describe cosmology, epistemology, philosophical doctrines, precepts on meditation and practices, four kinds of yoga, mantras, temple construction, deity worship and ways to attain sixfold desires. These canonical texts are in Tamil and Sanskrit.
Diana al-Hadid is a Syrian-born American contemporary artist who creates sculptures, installations, and drawings using various media. She lives and works in Brooklyn, New York. She is represented by Kasmin Gallery.
Perth is a suburb in the Perth metropolitan region, Western Australia that includes both the central business district of the city, and a suburban area spreading north to the northern side of Hyde Park. It does not include the separate suburbs of Northbridge or Highgate. Perth is split between the City of Perth and the City of Vincent local authorities, and was named after the city of the same name in Scotland.
The Florence Hummerston Kiosk is a building located at Elizabeth Quay in Perth, Western Australia. The kiosk was originally located on the Perth Esplanade, until being relocated to an islet at Elizabeth Quay. Originally constructed in 1928 as a tearoom, the kiosk was also known as the Esplanade Kiosk in addition to other names and has hosted various tenants. In 1985 it was renamed after former City of Perth councillor Florence Hummerston.
The Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority (MRA) was a statutory authority of the Government of Western Australia. It was established on 1 January 2012 pursuant to the Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority Act 2011 and reported to the Minister for Planning.
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Der Rufer is a bronze sculpture by Gerhard Marcks created in 1967. Casts of the original sculpture are located in Bremen, Berlin and Perth. The statue is of a barefooted man in a robe, cupping his hands to his mouth as if shouting.
Christian de Vietri is an Australian artist.
Mark S. G. Dyczkowski is an English Indologist, musician, and scholar of Tantra and Kashmir Shaivism. He has published multiple translations and commentaries, most notably the 12-volume Manthanabhairava Tantra and an 11-volume Tantrāloka including the commentary by Jayaratha. Dyczkowski also plays the sitar and has collected over 1,500 compositions for sitar.