Ambrose Bierce's book of satirical definitions The Devil's Dictionary has acquired an international reputation as an entertaining and important work of satire, and so has been translated from its original American English into other languages many times. [1]
In addition, writers in several countries have made critical observations in non-English languages about The Devil's Dictionary in their introductions and afterwords to Bierce's book, and in scholarly essays. [2]
Some translations, with the first year of publication and of reprints (as well as new printings by other publishers of existing editions), include:
The Devil's Dictionary is a satirical dictionary written by American journalist Ambrose Bierce, consisting of common words followed by humorous and satirical definitions. The lexicon was written over three decades as a series of installments for magazines and newspapers. Bierce's witty definitions were imitated and plagiarized for years before he gathered them into books, first as The Cynic's Word Book in 1906 and then in a more complete version as The Devil's Dictionary in 1911.
Emperor Yizong of Western Xia (1047–1068), sinicized name Li Liangzuo, was the second emperor of the Western Xia dynasty of China, reigning from 1048 to 1067. Yizong was also known by his Tangut name Ningling Liangcha (寧令兩岔). "Ningling" was his Tangut title, which meant "Grand Prince", while "Liangcha" (兩岔) was his personal name.
Shek Wing-cheung, better known by his stage name Shih Kien, Sek Kin, Sek Gin or Shek Kin, was a Hong Kong actor and martial artist. Shih is best known for playing antagonists and villains in several early Hong Kong wuxia and martial arts films that dated back to the black-and-white period, and is most familiar to Western audiences for his portrayal of the primary villain, Han, in the 1973 martial arts film Enter the Dragon, which starred Bruce Lee.
Walter Tso Tat-Wah was a film actor of Hong Kong, most famous for the roles he played in a number of Wuxia films in the 1950s and 1960s.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese television series adapted from the classical 14th century novel of the same title by Luo Guanzhong. The series was produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and was first aired on the network in 1994. It spanned a total of 84 episodes, each approximately 45 minutes long. One of the most expensive television series produced at the time, the project cost 170 million yuan. It was completed over four years and involved over 400,000 cast and crew members, including divisions of the People's Liberation Army from the Beijing, Nanjing and Chengdu military regions. Some of the dialogue spoken by characters was adapted directly from the novel. Extensive battle scenes, such as the battles of Guandu, Red Cliffs and Xiaoting, were also live-acted.
Stanley Fung Shui-fan is a Hong Kong actor and film director known for playing comedic roles. He was one of the Lucky Stars.
The Sheng Jing (盛京) Hospital was founded by Dugald Christie (missionary) (1855-1936), a Scottish missionary doctor in 1883. It was the base on which the Mukden Medical College was formed, also by Christie, in 1912. In 1949 the Mukden Medical College was absorbed by the China Medical University and the hospital became known as the 2nd Affiliated hospital of the China Medical University. In 1969 it was moved, by Chairman Mao, to Chaoyang but returned to Shenyang in 1983. In 2002 the hospital took over the Third Affiliated Hospital of the China Medical University and set up the Huaxiang Campus. In 2003, on the 120th anniversary of its founding, it restored the name as Shenjing Hospital. It is situated near the famous San Hao Jie 三好街. The hospital is one of the largest hospitals in the city of Shenyang, Liaoning Province. Its motto is "United and dedicated; Disciplined and responsible; Caring and trustworthy; Professional and innovative."
The Diablada, also known as the Danza de los Diablos, is an Andean folk dance performed in Bolivia, in the Altiplano region of South America, characterized by performers wearing masks and costumes representing the devil and other characters from pre-Columbian theology and mythology. combined with Spanish and Christian elements added during the colonial era. Many scholars have concluded that the dance is descended from the Llama llama dance in honor of the Uru god Tiw, and the Aymaran ritual to the demon Anchanchu, both originating in pre-Columbian Bolivia
Daxiushan, also referred as dianchailiyi, dashan, daxiu, is a form of shan, a traditional Chinese upper garment, with broad sleeves in Hanfu. It was most popular during the Tang dynasty, particularly among the members of royalty. The daxiushan was mainly worn for special ceremonial occasions and had different variations, mainly the result of different collar formations. The daxiushan could be worn under a skirt or as an outerwear. After the Tang dynasty, it continued to be worn in the Song and Ming dynasties.
The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber is a Taiwanese television series adapted from Louis Cha's novel of the same title. The series was first broadcast on TTV in Taiwan in October 1984.
Phillip Ko-fei was a Hong Kong based actor, screenwriter and film director.
Yang Lien-sheng who often wrote under the name L.S. Yang, was a Chinese-American sinologist and professor at Harvard University. He was the first full-time historian of China at Harvard and a prolific scholar specializing in China's economic history.
Miao Tien was a Chinese film actor mostly active in Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Balala the Fairies, or Balala, Little Magic Fairy, is a Chinese magical girl metaseries created and produced by Alpha Group. Each series focuses on a group of magical girls fighting against evil and dark forces while following their ordinary lives and personal wishes. The first installment was the live-action series of the same name, which first aired in 2008. There were four seasons in total and 52 episodes.
Sun Yueh was a Taiwanese actor.
Fung Hak-on was a Hong Kong actor. He appears in Hong Kong films since the 1960s until mid 2010s.
Ma Hsin-yeh (Chinese: 馬星野; pinyin: Mǎ Xīngyě; Wade–Giles: Ma3 Hsing1-yeh3; September 13, 1909 – March 11, 1991) was born in Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province, and enjoyed a notable career as a pioneering Chinese journalist, educator, publisher, government executive and diplomat. Ma was known as the "King of Journalism" (新聞王), and collectively with his native place compatriots Xie Xia-xun the "Chess King" (謝俠遜; “棋王”) and Su Bu-qing the "Math King" (蘇步青; "數學王"), were known as the "Three Kings of Pingyang" (平陽三王). The Pingyang County Government has also officially named Ma as one of the top-ten most significant cultural-historical figures of the county. Ma adopted his penname Hsin-yeh (星 xīng 野 yě) as his personal name some time following his study abroad at the University of Missouri School of Journalism. The name incorporates the two characters for "stars" and "plain" from a line in the Tang dynasty poet Du Fu's poem Thoughts When Traveling at Night: "Stars hang low above the wide, flat plain, And up rides the moon as the mighty river flows on" (星垂平野闊, 月涌大江流). Years later in 1984 when Ma was head of the Central News Agency, the School awarded him its highest honor, the Missouri Honor Medal for Distinguished Service in Journalism.
Wang Baiyuan ̍ K-ian was a Taiwanese modernist poet and a Japanese-language writer.