Troy (opera)

Last updated
Troy
Opera by Bujor Hoinic
LibrettistArtun Hoinic
LanguageTurkish
Based onThe Iliad by Homer
Premiere
9 November 2018 (2018-11-09)
ATO Congresium, Ankara, Turkey

Troy (Turkish: Troya) is an opera in two acts by Bujor Hoinic set to a Turkish-language libretto by Artun Hoinic, based on the ancient Greek epic poem Iliad by Homer. It premiered in Ankara, Turkey, in 2018 and was restaged at Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, Russia, in 2019.

Contents

Overview

Troy was composed by Bujor Hoinic, the Romanian chief conductor of the Turkish State Opera and Ballet. [1] [2] The libretto was written by Artun Hoinic. [3] It is the first Turkish opera written and composed by foreigners. [1] [4] Based on the 8th-century BC Greek epic poem Iliad by Homer, the opera was completed in May 2018 after three-and-half months' work. [1] The eight scenes of the two-act opera handle the war and life at Troy (modern Hisarlik, northwestern Turkey). To Hoinic "it blends an ancient civilization with modern music, where ancient modes, secret makams and Anatolian rhythms are used, too". The premiere took place at ATO Congresium in Ankara, Turkey, performed by Ankara State Opera and Ballet on 9 November 2018. [3] [4] The opera was commissioned by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism as part of the "2018 Tourism Year of Troy" in Turkey, declared in connection with the 20th anniversary of Troy's entry into the UNESCO World Heritage Site list. [1]

On 8 April 2019, Troy was staged at Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, for the opening of the "2019 Russia–Turkey Cultural Year". [5]

Roles

Roles, voice types, premiere cast
Role Voice type Premiere cast, 9 November 2018
Conductor: Bujor Hoinic [1] [3] [6]
Homer, ancient Greek author of the Iliad actor Mustafa Kurt [1]
Agamemnon, King of Mycenae bass Şafak Güç [7]
Priam, King of Troy baritone Zafer Erdaş [8]
Helen, Queen of Sparta soprano Seda Ayazlı [9]
Paris, Prince of Troy tenor Murat Karahan [1]
Hector, Trojan prince and the greatest fighter for Troy ballerino Tan Sağtürk [10]
Menelaus, King of Mycenaean (pre-Dorian) SpartaactorMert Türkoğlu
Chorus and dancers

Synopsis

Act 1

Scene 1: The palace of King Menelaus in Sparta

Menelaus, the king of Sparta, invites all the Greek kings and princes of Troy, Paris and Hector, to the wedding of Thetis and Peleus in Sparta. During the celebrations following the wedding, Paris is attracted to Queen Helen the Beautiful, the wife of Menelaus. She responds to Paris' feelings. [11]

Scene 2: The temple of goddess Artemis in Aulis

Menelaus understands that Paris has kidnapped Helen. He asks his brother Agamemnon, the king of Mycenae, for help. Agamemnon gathers all the Greek kings and heroes in the temple. He accuses Troy of treason, and demands the Trojan to account. He orders the Greek heroes Achilles, Odysseus and Ajax to be ready for a war with Troy. His aim is to attack Troy as soon as possible, invade this country and avenge his brother. He consults Priest Chalcas for future telling. The priest advises him to make a sacrifice to the goddess Artemis for a victory. Agamemnon's daughter, the young princess Ephigenia is brought to the altar accompanied by rituals. [11]

Scene 3: Trojan palace. The sun shines on Troy

Paris and Hector return to Troy with Helen, and they meet King Priam. The Trojans are in panic, and Helen is worried of a war due to her kidnapping. Witnessing the love between Paris and Helen, Priam declares that Helen is now a Trojan princess. He asserts to the nobles and the people that the walls of Troy can never be crossed in case of a war. [11]

Scene 4: Outside the walls of Troy. Dark clouds are on Troy

Agamemnon and his heroes appear with the army of Sparta before the walls of Troy. Priam, the Trojan princes and the nobles, in front of the Trojan army, move out of the walls. As both kings, Agamemnon and Priam, can not reach a peaceful solution, the Greek army starts an attack while the Trojan army, led by Hector, goes into defense after Priam is secured. When the war begins, the two heroes, Hector and Achilles, come face to face in a duel, which ends with Achilles killing Hector. The Greek army attacks Troy, however, cannot cross the strong Trojan walls. [11]

Act 2

Scene 5: The square inside the castle of Troy

Hector's body is brought to a square inside the castle for cremation in front of the gathered Trojan folk. His father Priam puts two gold coins on Hector's eyes to let him easily travel to the "land of the dead" before the corpse is set to burn. Helen is sad and tries to escape to prevent a war. Paris persuades her to stay saying that Agamemnon's real intention is to invade Troy, even if Helen would go back. [11]

Scene 6: Greek army camp outside of Troy walls

After preparations, the Greek army attacks Troy. A blood bath takes place, but the Trojan army creates an indispensable defense. The Greeks experience a great defeat. Also Greek hero Ajax and some soldiers are captured by Troy. Priam and his soldiers chase the Greek army fleeing to their ships. [11]

Scene 7: The great square in front of King Priam's palace in Troy

Priam appears with Paris and Helen before the gathered people and announces their great victory. Ajax and other Greek prisoners of war are brought to the square. The people want to lynch the prisoners. However, Priam forgives them and sets them free. Paris learns that the Greek army left a gigantic wooden horse structure outside the city. It is taken inside the walls as a sign of victory although the nobles recommend its burning. The celebrations around the horse structure continue until the late hours of the night. [11]

Scene 8: Midnight at the big square of Troy

After the Trojan soldiers and the people fall asleep following the day-long celebrations, Achilles, Odysseus and the myrmidons come out of the horse. They open the city gates for the hidden Greek army after the guards are made ineffective. The city suddenly turns into a battlefield and Trojans are slaughtered one by one, and Troy burns in flames. Paris spots Achilles and shoots an arrow for the revenge of Hector. The arrow hits Achilles' tendon in his leg leaving him vulnerable. A second arrow hits Achilles in the chest. He removes it but dies. During the massacre, Agamemnon kills Priam brutally while Paris, Helen and a few remaining nobles flee from Troy for their lives. [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Agamemnon</span> Figure from Greek mythology

In Greek mythology, Agamemnon was a king of Mycenae who commanded the Achaeans during the Trojan War. He was the son of King Atreus and Queen Aerope, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra, and the father of Iphigenia, Iphianassa, Electra, Laodike, Orestes and Chrysothemis. Legends make him the king of Mycenae or Argos, thought to be different names for the same area. Agamemnon was killed upon his return from Troy by Clytemnestra, or in an older version of the story, by Clytemnestra's lover Aegisthus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hector</span> Greek history hero

In Greek mythology, Hector is a Trojan prince, a hero and the greatest warrior for Troy during the Trojan War. He is a major character in Homer's Iliad, where he leads the Trojans and their allies in the defense of Troy, killing countless Greek warriors. He is ultimately killed in single combat by the Greek hero Achilles, who later drags his dead body around the city of Troy behind his chariot.

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The Trojan War was a legendary conflict in Greek mythology that took place around the 12th or 13th century BC. The war was waged by the Achaeans (Greeks) against the city of Troy after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, king of Sparta. The war is one of the most important events in Greek mythology, and it has been narrated through many works of Greek literature, most notably Homer's Iliad. The core of the Iliad describes a period of four days and two nights in the tenth year of the decade-long siege of Troy; the Odyssey describes the journey home of Odysseus, one of the war's heroes. Other parts of the war are described in a cycle of epic poems, which have survived through fragments. Episodes from the war provided material for Greek tragedy and other works of Greek literature, and for Roman poets including Virgil and Ovid.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Menelaus</span> King of Sparta, husband of Helen of Troy

In Greek mythology, Menelaus was a Greek king of Mycenaean (pre-Dorian) Sparta. According to the Iliad, the Trojan war began as a result of Menelaus's wife, Helen, fleeing to Troy with the Trojan prince Paris. Menelaus was a central figure in the Trojan War, leading the Spartan contingent of the Greek army, under his elder brother Agamemnon, king of Mycenae. Prominent in both the Iliad and Odyssey, Menelaus was also popular in Greek vase painting and Greek tragedy, the latter more as a hero of the Trojan War than as a member of the doomed House of Atreus.

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Paris, also known as Alexander, is a mythological figure in the story of the Trojan War. He appears in numerous Greek legends and works of Ancient Greek literature such as the Iliad. In myth, he is prince of Troy, son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba, and younger brother of Prince Hector. His elopement with Helen sparks the Trojan War, during which he fatally wounds Achilles.

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Helen, also known as Helen of Troy, Helen of Argos, or Helen of Sparta, and in Latin as Helena, was a figure in Greek mythology said to have been the most beautiful woman in the world. She was believed to have been the daughter of Zeus and Leda or Nemesis, and the sister of Clytemnestra, Castor, Pollux, Philonoe, Phoebe and Timandra. She was married to King Menelaus of Sparta "who became by her the father of Hermione, and, according to others, of Nicostratus also." Her abduction by Paris of Troy was the most immediate cause of the Trojan War.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Durusoy, Melis (3 January 2019). "First Turkish opera which is written by a foreign composer". Çanakkale: 2018 The Year of Troy. Archived from the original on 2019-04-05.
  2. ↑ "Murat Karahan named new director of Turkey's State Opera and Ballet". Hürriyet Daily News . 3 January 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 O'Dwyer, Pınar Aydın (15 November 2018). "Mega Troya" (in Turkish). Sanattan Yansımalar. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  4. 1 2 "Troy, first Turkish opera by foreign composer". Hürriyet Daily News . 6 November 2018. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  5. ↑ "Troy performed on Bolshoi stage". Hürriyet Daily News . 9 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  6. ↑ "Troy mix of stars on opera and ballet stage". Hürriyet Daily News . 15 October 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  7. ↑ Aksu, İsmail Hakkı. "Opera yıldızlarının İstanbul çıkartması" (in Turkish). Sanattan Yansımalar. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  8. ↑ "Zafer Erdaş baritone". Operabase . Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  9. ↑ "Seda Ayazlı soprano". Operabase . Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  10. ↑ "Tan Sağtürk". Turkish Cultural Foundation. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Troya" (in Turkish). Devlet Opera ve Balesi Genel Müdürlüğü. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
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