7004 at Wallan in November 2007 in original liveryThree Sprinters in Geelong in November 2007 in original liveryA refurbished two car set at Dandenong, 2013
The Sprinter concept dates back to 1989, when the Public Transport Corporation, having seen a substantial increase in patronage and reduction in costs following the introduction of faster, more frequent services as part of the New Deal for Country Passengers program of the 1980s, required additional train capacity to meet demand.[1] Initial talks suggested an order for 24 new vehicles,[2] though the tenders for the construction of the 22 railcars closed in November 1989.[3]
At the time, they were designed to supplement locomotive-hauled H type carriage sets on shorter runs (such as on the outer suburban services to Melton and Sunbury, as well as the interurban Geelong and Seymour services) and thus provide faster and more frequent service to Melbourne's fringe areas, and indirectly (primarily by freeing up other rollingstock) to more distant regions. Their introduction also enabled the retirement of the four DRC railcars from service.
In keeping with their intended operation, they feature high-capacity single-class seating and a single-car railmotor design over a multiple unit design, allowing a large number of passengers to be carried with greatly reduced operating costs and increased flexibility.
Manufacturing & testing
On 11 October 1991, the Federal Government announced the purchase of 22 Sprinters,[4] built at a total cost of $65 million, of which the Federal Government provided $24 million through its Better Cities program.[1]
Twenty-two single-car stainless-steel-body railcars were ordered from A Goninan & Co, Broadmeadow, for introduction to service between 1993 and 1995. Construction commenced in March 1993 with the final unit outshopped in January 1995. The first two units were fully fitted out at Goninan, with the other 20 units internally fitted out at the PTC North Bendigo workshops.[3][5][6] All were transferred to Melbourne by rail on standard gauge transfer bogies.
Sprinters feature a mix of 3x2 and 2x2 economy seats arranged so that half of them face the direction of travel at any one time. Reflecting the nature of the sets and their intended use, these seats are slightly smaller than the seats found in H and N sets and VLocityDMUs. They are finished in blue patterned cloth.
The cars are also fitted with a toilet and drinking fountains. Provision is made at one end of each carriage for one wheelchair and occupant. When this space is not needed able-bodied passengers may make use of the three wall-mounted fold-down seats. The toilet has a wide door and grab bars for use by disabled passengers.
While the capacity exists for several units to be coupled in service, passengers may not under normal circumstances move between coupled cars. A door is however provided, along with a detraining ladder, at the end of each car in case emergency egress is required. Conductors may move between cars during travel.
Passenger luggage can be carried in the overhead racks, between the backs of seats, or in the luggage/bicycle storage area usually found at the Melbourne end of the carriage. Ordinary access to the car is via four automatic plug doors, one on each side of the car at each end.[7] These doors are opened by a push button mounted beside them and closed by the driver, and are wide enough to permit the access of a standard wheelchair.
Each car is powered by two air-cooled Deutz turbocharged V8 diesel engines. Power is transferred via a Voith T211RZ hydraulic transmission. Sprinters use a Davies and Metcalfe EBC/5 EP anti-slide pneumatic disc brake system.
To facilitate use in multiple-unit formations, they are fitted with Scharfenberg couplers. This allows them to be coupled to other Sprinters to form a train as long as eight carriages.
Service
Sprinter operation commenced in December 1993, with an official launch on the Ballarat corridor on 16 December 1993, with a special service running to Ballarat station and back, with the then Transport Minister, Alan Brown and other guests on board. A maximum speed of 143 kilometres per hour (89mph) was achieved during this trip.[3] They were launched on the Bendigo corridor on 17 March 1994, with a special service running to Bendigo station and back. The Sprinters were launched on the Geelong line on 1 September 1994, with a special service running to Geelong station, launching on the Seymour line on 14 December 1994, with a special service running to Seymour station, and finally launching on the Traralgon line on 16 June 1995, to coincide with the newly built Traralgon station.[3]
For operation on the longer routes, a portable buffet cart was trialled - the first such service since 1961, on the Horsham and Warrnambool lines. The cart was delivered to V/Line Passenger at Spencer Street Station on 12 August 1996, and its first use was on the 10:30am Melbourne to Bendigo and 1:20pm return service on the 15th of that month. By September 1996, the cart was in regular use between Seymour and Wodonga.[8]
Over time, the Sprinters also operated to interurban destinations such as Warragul and Kyneton, along with outer suburban destinations like Craigieburn and Sunbury.
Sprinters were the first Victorian passenger trains to run at 130 kilometres per hour (81mph), and enabled acceleration of some services by up to 15 minutes. Furthermore, their relatively low operating costs allowed for an increase in service frequency on the Ballarat and Bendigo lines. These improved services contributed to an increase in V/Line patronage from 6.5 million passenger journeys in 1993/94 to 7.0 million in 1995/96.[1]
In addition, they performed some longer trips to destinations such as Albury and Echuca, although this was not specially catered for in their designs and thus led to some concerns over amenities such as lack of catering.
Following the introduction of VLocity stock, Sprinters have been returned to short-haul duties. Since 2008, a pair have been hired to Metro Trains Melbourne to operate services on the Stony Point line with units rotated weekly.
Until 31 January 2021, the trains were still in regular use along the Gippsland line to Traralgon and the Geelong line to Geelong, however with the timetable change on that day they are no longer scheduled to run on these lines. In emergencies, they can as required.
The Sprinters were specifically designed to also run on the South Gippsland line to Leongatha and still includes the town on its list of V/Line routes.[9] Although they never ran this service, these trains were operated along the line from Dandenong to Cranbourne for a short period of time from when the V/Line rail service to Leongatha was withdrawn on 24 July 1993 until 24 March 1995 when the line to Cranbourne was electrified, in order to avoid having no rail service to Cranbourne.
Sprinters are seen on the Bendigo line but not on Revenue Service but to shuttle two units to the Bendigo North Workshops for servicing, the driver then returns to Melbourne with two units that have been serviced.
When operating on the Stony Point line, the toilet and drinking fountain are locked out of use.
Accidents and other problems
The Sprinter fleet had a number of teething problems, including failures to trigger level crossings, which led to their temporary removal from service on 9 January 1996 on all lines except the Bendigo line.[3] They were also noted to have a high fault incidence mainly due to unreliable componentry and electrical circuitry.[10]
The first Sprinter to derail on a public service occurred on 1 May 1994 at Bacchus Marsh. The leading bogie on a unit derailed after rocks were placed on both rails.[3]
Only three major accidents involving a Sprinter have been recorded – the first occurred on 20 November 1996 at the Spencer Street Rail Motor Depot when at around 17:30 Sprinters 7010+7008 shunted out from the platforms at low speed after disembarking passengers from an up service. The cars were to run into the sidings at the Rail Motor Depot, but when the driver got up to adjust the offside rear-vision mirror he was locked out of the cab by the self-closing door. Unable to regain control of the vehicle, the train proceeded to collide with stabled Sprinters 7019+7016.[citation needed]
Despite being the aggressor, 7010’s damage was mostly superficial, consisting of broken windows and bent side panelling. 7019 came off much worse; with a buckled frame, the No. 2 cab bent downwards nearly 30 degrees at the saloon doors. The coupler was never recovered. Both trailing Sprinters received little damage.[citation needed]
After the accident investigation was concluded in April 1997, both Sprinters were hauled to Goninan’sBendigo Workshops for assessment. 7010 returned to service in 1998, but it was decided that repairing 7019 would be too costly and so the car was written off. Its interior was gutted before the car was hauled back to Melbourne on 12 July 1998. After being stored in the East Block of Newport Workshops it was later scrapped.[11]
The second occurred on 15 November 2003. Sprinters 7003, 7004 & 7005 were on the 15:49 service to Ballarat[12] when 7003 being the lead unit struck a vehicle stuck on the tracks between Ballan and Gordon. Over 60 people were injured with 7003 rolling on to its side and finishing in a ditch while 7004 & 7005 derailed. 7003 sustained significant damage to its driver compartment and side, 7005 to its driver compartment after striking 7003 as it jackknifed and 7004 sustained only minor damage. The Ballarat line was closed for three days for the clean up.[13]
The third occurred on 2 December 2016 when 7012 caught fire at Seymour railway station while awaiting departure with a passenger service to Melbourne at around 12:30pm.[14]
V/Line sprinter 7011 arrives into Seymour.
Refurbishment
Refurbished 7007
A refurbishment program for the Sprinters was announced in 2007 by Transport Minister Lynne Kosky. The works included reupholstery of the interiors and repainting of the exterior.[15]
In September 2018, Sprinter railcar 7012 re-entered service following a repaint into PTV livery and interior refurbishment.[16]
Names
All but the last 3 Sprinters have been named after prominent Victorian sportspersons.[17]
Frankston railway station is a commuter railway station and the terminus of the Frankston line and the diesel-hauled services on the Stony Point line, which are part of the Melbourne railway network. It serves the south-eastern suburb of Frankston, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Frankston station is a ground level premium station, featuring two side platforms, a terminus platform at platform 1 and platform 2 used for the terminus platform at the northern end of the platform and the Stony Point line services at the southern end of the platform. It opened on 1 August 1882, with the current station provided in 2018.
Sunshine railway station is a commuter and regional railway station on the Sunbury line, Geelong and Ballarat lines, which are part of the Metropolitan and Regional railway networks. It serves the western suburb of the same name, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Sunshine station is a ground level, premium station. It has four platforms, an island platform with two faces and two side platforms, connected by a footbridge and concourse. The station opened on 7 September 1885, with the current station provided in 2014.
Footscray railway station is a commuter and regional railway station and the junction point for the Sunbury, Werribee and Williamstown lines and V/Line services to Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong, part of the Metropolitan and Regional railway networks. It serves the western Melbourne suburb of Footscray in Victoria, Australia. Footscray is a ground level premium station, featuring six platforms, two island platform with two faces and two side platform, connected by an accessible overground concourse. It opened on 17 January 1859, with the current location provided in 1900 and station provided in 2014.
Leawarra railway station is located on the Stony Point line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the south-eastern Melbourne suburb of Frankston, and it opened on 30 November 1959 as Rail Motor Stopping Place No. 16. It was renamed Leawarra in 1962.
The Stony Point line is a commuter railway line in the outer metropolitan area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Operated by Metro Trains Melbourne, it is the city's only diesel service on the metropolitan network and the tenth longest line at 31 kilometres (19 mi). The line acts as an extension of the Frankston line with services running from Frankston station to the small town of Stony Point in the south-east, serving 10 stations via Leawarra, Baxter, Hastings, and Bittern. The line operates for approximately 13 hours a day, unlike other lines on the network, which provide 24-hour service on Friday and Saturday nights. Headways of 90 to 120 minutes are operated throughout the day due to limited patronage and infrastructure constraints. Trains on the Stony Point line run as two one-car formations of V/Line Sprinter DMUs.
V/Line is a statutory authority that operates regional passenger rail and coach services in the Australian state of Victoria. It provides passenger train services on five commuter routes and eight long-distance services from its major hub at Southern Cross railway station in Melbourne. It also provides coach bus services across Victoria and into New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and South Australia. In addition, V/Line is responsible for the maintenance of the Victorian freight and passenger rail network outside of the areas managed by Metro Trains Melbourne and the Australian Rail Track Corporation.
The 4D was a prototype double deck electric multiple unit built for the Public Transport Corporation in Victoria, Australia, for operation on the Melbourne railway system. It remains the only double deck train to have ever operated in Melbourne. The train's name stood for "Double Deck Development and Demonstration."
Rail transport in the Australian state of Victoria is provided by a number of railway operators who operate over the government-owned railway lines. The network consists of 2,357 km of Victorian broad gauge lines, and 1,912 km of standard gauge freight and interstate lines; the latter increasing with gauge conversion of the former. Historically, a few experimental 762 mm gauge lines were built, along with various private logging, mining and industrial railways. The rail network radiates from the state capital, Melbourne, with main interstate links to Sydney and to Adelaide, as well as major lines running to regional centres, upgraded as part of the Regional Fast Rail project.
The V/Line VLocity, sometimes called the VLocity 160, is a diesel multiple unit train built by Bombardier Transportation and later Alstom in Dandenong for V/Line, the regional rail operator in the Australian state of Victoria. Continuously in production since 2003, the VLocity is the highest-speed train in the V/Line fleet, with a top speed of 160 km/h (99 mph). As of August 2024 with set 119 entering service, 118 3-car sets are in revenue service, one collision damaged set is in storage, and 22 more are under construction on the current confirmed orders.
The N Class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering in Somerton for V/Line between 1985 and 1987.
The DRC was a class of railmotor operated by the Victorian Railways on its country rail network in Victoria, Australia. The cars were built by Tulloch Limited in New South Wales, and featured aluminium and steel construction, air-conditioning, and twin diesel engines with hydraulic transmissions.
The H type carriages are a class of interurban passenger carriage operated by V/Line in Victoria, Australia. Fitted with high-density 2+3 seating, they were typically used on short distance interurban services from Melbourne to Bacchus Marsh and Geelong until their withdrawal in 2024.
The N type carriages are an intercity passenger carriage used on the railways of Victoria, Australia. They were introduced between 1981 and 1984 as part of the 'New Deal' reforms of country passenger rail services. Today they are seen on both V/Line long distance InterCity services, and limited commuter services to Geelong.
The Seymour Line is a regional passenger rail service operated by V/Line in Victoria, Australia. It serves passengers between the state capital of Melbourne and the regional city of Seymour, along with a number of smaller communities in between.
The Geelong–Ballarat railway line is a broad-gauge railway in western Victoria, Australia between the cities of Geelong and Ballarat. Towns on the route include Bannockburn, Lethbridge, Meredith, Elaine and Lal Lal. Major traffic includes general freight from the Mildura line, and grain.
The New Deal for Country Passengers was a timetable introduced on 4 October 1981 in Victoria, Australia which revolutionised the provision of country passenger railway services in that state. Thirty-five little-used passenger stations were closed, rolling stock utilisation was improved, and new rolling stock introduced. The timetable and associated service changes resulted in an average patronage growth of 8.7% per year, from 3 million in 1981 to 5.6 million passengers in 1990/91.
The family of Walker railmotors were a type of diesel railcar operated by the Victorian Railways in Australia.
References
1 2 3 Lee, Robert (2007). The Railways of Victoria 1854-2004. Melbourne University Publishing. pp.255, 257. ISBN978-0-522-85134-2.
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