 | |
 Taiwan |  Brazil |
|---|---|
| Diplomatic mission | |
| Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Brazil | Commercial Office of Brazil to Taipei |
The Republic of China (Taiwan) and the Federative Republic of Brazil do not have official diplomatic relations, as Brazil acknowledges the One-China policy. However, the two nations maintain unofficial diplomatic relations via economic and cultural offices.
Formal relations between the Empire of Brazil and the Qing dynasty were established in September 1880 with the Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation. The Chinese refused, however, to permit Brazilians to hire Chinese as contract laborers, knowing that non-white laborers were treated "as machines or as cheap labour". The British were also opposed to the importation of Chinese labor to Brazil, believing it would inevitably result in de facto slavery. (Slavery in Brazil was only abolished in 1888.) Late in 1893, José de Costa Azevedo, Baron of Ladario, went to Beijing to negotiate a new treaty on immigration, but the Chinese were uninterested. [1] Relations continued under the Republic of China (ROC) on its founding in 1912 which Brazil recognized and maintained even after the central government was moved to the former Japanese colony of Taiwan (1895–1945). [2]
In 1971, Brazil voted against United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758 which replaced the ROC with the PRC at the United Nations, but from August 15, 1974, Brazil recognized the People's Republic of China (PRC) and suspended diplomatic relation with Republic of China (Taiwan). [3] After diplomatic relations between Taiwan and Brazil were suspended, both diplomatic missions were replaced by representative offices.
The Taiwanese Government established the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Brazil (Chinese :駐巴西臺北經濟文化代表處) at Brasília, [4] and two other offices in São Paulo [5] and Rio de Janeiro. The office in Rio de Janeiro was closed in 2002. [6]
The Government of Brazil similarly established the Commercial Office of Brazil to Taipei (Portuguese : Escritório Comercial do Brasil em Taipé, Chinese :巴西商務辦事處) in the capital of Taiwan. [7]
Significant immigration of Taiwanese to Brazil started in 1960s. Most Taiwanese Brazilian were farmers from Kaohsiung. [2]
Many Taiwanese Brazilian now live in São Paulo , Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná and Rio de Janeiro. In the northern Brazil, the fifth-large city Recife is another main settlement of Taiwanese Brazilian, mostly from Meinong, Kaohsiung. [2] In the suburbs of São Paulo, over hundred Taiwanese Brazilian established mushroom farms which supply all of Brazil. [8]
Taiwan is one of Brazil's most important trade partners in Asia. The main export products from Brazil to Taiwan are ore, soybean, corn, woods, steel, cotton, leather and granite. Brazil is the eighteenth trade partner for Taiwan. The main products which Taiwan exports to Brazil are electrical equipment, record equipment, LCD, steel products and plastic products. [9]
Many Taiwanese electronic companies have established factories in Brazil. AS Foxconn, Asus, MSI, Compal, Gigabyte, Acer, AOC, D-Link and so on. [9]
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO), also known as Taipei Economic and Cultural Office (TECO), Taipei Representative Office (TRO) or Taipei Mission, is an alternative diplomatic institution serving as a de facto embassy or a consulate of the Republic of China to exercise the foreign affairs and consular services in specific countries which have established formal diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China. As the PRC denies the legitimacy of the ROC as a sovereign state and claims the ROC-controlled territories as an integral part of its China. An exclusive mandate namely One-China policy, mandates any country that wishes to establish a diplomatic relationship with the PRC must first sever any formal relationship with the ROC. According to The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, "non-recognition of the Taiwanese government is a prerequisite for conducting formal diplomatic relations with the PRC—in effect forcing other governments to choose between Beijing and Taipei." As a result, these countries only allow the ROC to establish representative offices instead of an "official" embassy or consulate for the purpose of conducting practical bilateral relations without granting full diplomatic recognition.
Chen Chu or Kiku Chen is the current President of the Control Yuan and Chair of the National Human Rights Commission. Before assuming her current post, Chen had served as Secretary-General to the President from 2018 to 2020 and Mayor of Kaohsiung from 2006 to 2018, making her the longest-serving mayor of the city since the Japanese occupation of Taiwan.
Numerous states have ceased their diplomatic recognition of the Republic of China during the last 70 years - since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Under the One-China policy, the ROC is recognized by 13 UN member states and Holy See with 58 UN member states and Somaliland maintaining unofficial cultural and economic relations.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau is the representative office of the Republic of China in Macau. Its counterpart body in Taiwan is the Macau Economic and Cultural Office in Taiwan.
Canada and the Republic of China have maintained unofficial bilateral relations since 1970.
The Sino-Ryukyuan Cultural and Economic Association is an organization promoting cultural and economic exchange between Taiwan and Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.
The Manila Economic and Cultural Office is the representative office of the Philippines in Taiwan, functioning as a de facto embassy in the absence of diplomatic relations. It is a non-stock non-profit corporation organized under Philippine law.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in the Philippines represents the interests of Taiwan in the Philippines, functioning as a de facto embassy in the absence of diplomatic relations. Its Philippine counterpart is the "Manila Economic and Cultural Office" in Taipei.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Canada, also called TECO Canada, is a trade office representing the interests of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in Canada. Located in Ottawa, the office functions as a de facto embassy in the absence of formal diplomatic relations between Canada and Taiwan.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Malaysia is the representative office of Taiwan in Malaysia, which functions as a de facto embassy in the absence of diplomatic relations.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in New Zealand represents interests of Taiwan in New Zealand in the absence of formal diplomatic relations, functioning as a de facto embassy.
The Thailand Trade and Economic Office is the representative office of Thailand in Taiwan, functioning as a de facto embassy in the absence of diplomatic relations.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Thailand is the representative office of Taiwan in Thailand, which functions as a de facto embassy in the absence of diplomatic relations.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States represents the interests of Taiwan in the United States in the absence of formal diplomatic relations, functioning as a de facto embassy. Its counterpart in Taiwan is the office of the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) in Taipei.
The Commercial Office of Brazil to Taipei represents interests of Brazil in Taiwan in the absence of formal diplomatic relations, functioning as a de facto embassy. Its counterpart in Brazil is the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Brazil in Brasilia.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Brazil represents the interests of Taiwan in Brazil in the absence of formal diplomatic relations, functioning as a de facto embassy. Its counterpart in Taiwan is the Commercial Office of Brazil to Taipei in Taipei.
The Ulaanbaatar Trade and Economic Representative Office, is the representative office of Mongolia in Taiwan, functioning as a de facto embassy in the absence of diplomatic relations.
The Taipei Trade and Economic Representative Office in Ulaanbaatar is the representative office of Taiwan in Mongolia, functioning as a de facto embassy in the absence of diplomatic relations.
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; represents the interests of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in Saudi Arabia in the absence of formal diplomatic relations, functioning as a de facto embassy. In addition, it has responsibility for Taiwan's relations with Afghanistan, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Qatar and Sudan.
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