An energy crisis is any significant bottleneck in the supply of energy resources to an economy. In literature, it often refers to one of the energy sources used at a certain time and place, in particular, those that supply national electricity grids or those used as fuel in industrial development and population growth have led to a surge in the global demand for energy in recent years. In the 2000s p, this new demand — together with Middle East tension, the falling value of the US dollar, dwindling oil reserves, concerns over peak oil, and oil price speculation — triggered the 2000s energy crisis, which saw the price of oil reach an all-time high of $147.30 a barrel in 2008
Mianwali is the capital city of Mianwali District, Pakistan. It is the 81st largest city of Pakistan, known for its diverse population of Punjabi and Pashtun ethnicities and commonly considered as part of the Marshal Belt in Pakistan, which consists of regions in Pakistan that provide a considerable amount of manpower to Pakistani Armed Forces.
Chashma is located in Mianwali District near Kundian, Punjab, Pakistan. It is situated at the left bank of the river Indus, in close proximity of the Koh-i-Suleiman mountain range. Chashma is famous for the well-known Chashma Barrage built on the Indus River. Also nearby is the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, with two units of 300 megawatt CHASHNUPP-1 and CHASHNUPP-2 and two 325 megawatt CHASHNUPP-3 and CHASHNUPP-4. It is located close to the kho-i-suleman range
The Karachi Nuclear Power Plant is a large commercial nuclear power plant located at the Paradise Point in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Officially known as Karachi Nuclear Power Complex, the power generation site is composed of three commercial nuclear power plants; K-1, K-2 and K-3. K-1 was operationalized in 1972 whereas K-2 was operationalized on May 21, 2021 with a capacity of 1100 Mega watts. Work is underway for commissioning of K-3 unit with similar capacity and is expected to start operations in 2022. K-1 was commissioned with support from Canada whereas K-2 and K-3 have been supported by financing and investment provided by China and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
Khushab Nuclear Complex is a plutonium production nuclear reactor and heavy water complex situated 30 km south of the town of Jauharabad in Khushab District, Punjab, Pakistan.
The Chashma Nuclear Power Plant, is a large commercial nuclear power plant located in the vicinities of Chashma colony and Kundian in Punjab in Pakistan.
As of 2017, nuclear power in Pakistan is provided by five commercial nuclear power plants. Pakistan is the first Muslim majority country in the world to construct and operate civil nuclear power plants. The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), the scientific and nuclear governmental agency, is solely responsible for operating these power plants. As of 2018, the electricity generated by commercial nuclear power plants constitutes roughly 7.5% of electricity generated in Pakistan, Pakistan is not a party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty but is a member of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Pakistan plans on constructing 32 nuclear power plants by 2050 and envision 40,000 MW of nuclear power generation.
a
The Pakistan Nuclear Power Fuel Complex (PNPFC), also known as Chemical Reprocessing Plant (CrP), is a nuclear energy and reprocessing industrial complex for the PWR-type reactors. The NPFC-I is a dual purpose nuclear power plant, with a net capacity of 1000MWe, located 175 km south of Islamabad. The reactor is designed for converting U3O8 to natural UF6, and enriched UF6 into UO2 powder, then converted depleted UF6 into depleted uranium metal and produced Zircon Ingot. The PNPFC is ingeniously constructed by the PAEC under the IAEA terms as IAEA is funding this megaproject.
The Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power plant in Iran 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) south of Tehran, between the fishing villages of Halileh and Bandargeh along the Persian Gulf.
Electricity in Pakistan is generated, transmitted, distributed, and retail supplied by two vertically integrated public sector companies, Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) for all of Pakistan, and the Karachi Electric (K-Electric) for the city of Karachi and its surrounding areas. There are around 42 independent power producers (IPPs) that contribute significantly in electricity generation in Pakistan.
Munir Ahmad Khan, NI, HI, FPAS, was a Pakistani nuclear reactor physicist who is credited, among others, with being the "father of the atomic bomb program" of Pakistan for their leading role in developing their nation's nuclear weapons during the successive years after the war with India in 1971.
Parvez Butt, is a Pakistani nuclear engineer who served as the chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission from 2001 till 2006.
Ansar Pervaiz, also spelled as, HI, is a Pakistani scientist and a nuclear engineer who was the former chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), and former chairman of the Board of Governors of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Pervaiz is widely given credit for establishing the nuclear engineering, nuclear physics and nuclear technology institutes within Pakistan.
The Darkhovin Nuclear Power Plant is a planned nuclear power plant located about 70 kilometers south of Ahvaz, Iran at the Karun river, as part of the nuclear program of Iran. One reactor is firmly planned. Some other projects on this site were cancelled.
In Argentina, about 10% of the electricity comes from 3 operational nuclear reactors: The Embalse Nuclear Power Station, a CANDU reactor, and the Atucha 1 plant in 1974, a PHWR German design. In 2001, the plant was modified to burn Slightly Enriched Uranium, making it the first PHWR reactor to burn that fuel worldwide. Atucha was originally planned to be a complex with various reactors. Atucha 2 began to produce energy on June 3, 2014, and it is expected to produce 745MWh. Plans for Atucha III, a third reactor in the Atucha complex, have been announced.
Kundian Nuclear Fuel Complex (KNFC) is a nuclear fuel fabrication plant located at Kundian, Mianwali District, Punjab, Pakistan.
The CNP-300 is a pressurized water nuclear reactor developed by the China National Nuclear Corporation. It is China's first commercial nuclear reactor design. The reactor has a thermal capacity of 999 MW and a gross electrical capacity of 325 MW, with a net output of about 300 MWe. Development of the reactor began in the 1970s, based on a nuclear submarine reactor design. The first CNP-300 unit started operations in Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant in 1991.
