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Esri is an international supplier of geographic information system (GIS) software, web GIS and geodatabase management applications. The company is headquartered in Redlands, California.
ArcIMS is a Web Map Server produced by Esri accessible through a web browser. It is a GIS that is designed to serve maps across the Internet. Sometimes these maps are just static images allowing simple panning and zooming, while others are more complex pages. Examples of interactive maps served with ArcIMS include maps with layers that can be turned on and off, or with features containing attributes that can be queried.
Crime mapping is used by analysts in law enforcement agencies to map, visualize, and analyze crime incident patterns. It is a key component of crime analysis and the CompStat policing strategy. Mapping crime, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), allows crime analysts to identify crime hot spots, along with other trends and patterns.
A Web Map Service (WMS) is a standard protocol developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium in 1999 for serving georeferenced map images over the Internet. These images are typically produced by a map server from data provided by a GIS database.
ArcSDE is a server-software sub-system that aims to enable the usage of Relational Database Management Systems for spatial data. The spatial data may then be used as part of a geodatabase.
ArcGIS is a family of client software, server software, and online geographic information system (GIS) services developed and maintained by Esri. ArcGIS was first released in 1999 and originally was released as ARC/INFO, a command line based GIS system for manipulating data. ARC/INFO was later merged into ArcGIS Desktop, which was eventually superseded by ArcGIS Pro in 2015. ArcGIS Pro works in 2D and 3D for cartography and visualization, and includes Artificial Intelligence (AI).
PurVIEW is an integrated image display and viewing plug-in software package that incorporates stereoscopic viewing technology for ESRI ArcGIS 9. Essentially, PurVIEW is a photogrammetry-based data capture workstation that extend the ArcGIS environment. It converts Arc- desktops into precise stereo-viewing windows for geo-referenced aerial or space-borne imagery. Digitizing features directly yields positional accuracy comparable with photogrammetric mapping.
ArcInfo is a full-featured geographic information system produced by Esri, and is the highest level of licensing in the ArcGIS Desktop product line. It was originally a command-line based system. The command-line processing abilities are now available through the GUI of the ArcGIS Desktop product.
ArcGIS Server is the core server geographic information system (GIS) software made by Esri. ArcGIS Server is used for creating and managing GIS Web services, applications, and data. ArcGIS Server is typically deployed on-premises within the organization’s service-oriented architecture (SOA) or off-premises in a cloud computing environment.
Geospatial metadata is a type of metadata applicable to geographic data and information. Such objects may be stored in a geographic information system (GIS) or may simply be documents, data-sets, images or other objects, services, or related items that exist in some other native environment but whose features may be appropriate to describe in a (geographic) metadata catalog.
A Web mapping or an online mapping is the process of using the maps delivered by geographic information systems (GIS) on the Internet, more specifically in the World Wide Web (WWW). A web map or an online map is both served and consumed, thus web mapping is more than just web cartography, it is a service by which consumers may choose what the map will show. Web GIS emphasizes geodata processing aspects more involved with design aspects such as data acquisition and server software architecture such as data storage and algorithms, than it does the end-user reports themselves.
ArcMap is the main component of Esri's ArcGIS suite of geospatial processing programs, and is used primarily to view, edit, create, and analyze geospatial data. ArcMap allows the user to explore data within a data set, symbolize features accordingly, and create maps. This is done through two distinct sections of the program, the table of contents and the data frame. In October 2020, it was announced that there are no plans to release 10.9 in 2021, and that ArcMap would no longer be supported after March 1, 2026. Esri are encouraging their users to transition to ArcGIS Pro.
The Commercial Joint Mapping Toolkit, or CJMTK is the DoD standard mapping toolkit for DoD C2I Programs of Record. It is a replacement for the previous United States Department of Defense (DoD) Joint Mapping Toolkit (JMTK) that utilizes commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. The primary component of CJMTK is Esri's complete ArcGIS platform.
ArcView is the entry level licensing level of ArcGIS Desktop, a geographic information system software product produced by Esri. It is intended by Esri to be the logical migration path from ArcView 3.x.
MapDotNet is a suite of geographic information system (GIS) software products developed by ISC that run on Microsoft Windows. The GIS software competes with ESRI and MapInfo GIS products. MapDotNet UX is the latest generation and consists of a set of WCF web services for rendering map images and tiles and for performing spatial analysis and editing. UX includes an SDK for developing rich interactive mapping applications on Microsoft Silverlight, Windows Presentation Foundation and HTML5. MapDotNet UX also includes an Extract, Transform & Load (ETL), map design and tile cache creation tool called Studio modeled after Microsoft's Expression series of products. The MapDotNet UX renderer is built on WPF and consumes spatial data from multiple sources including Shapefiles, PostGIS, ArcSDE, Oracle Spatial, SQL Azure, SQL Server 2008 R2 and SQL Server 2012.
Bing Maps Platform is a geospatial mapping platform produced by Microsoft. It allows developers to create applications that layer location-relevant data on top of licensed map imagery. The imagery includes samples taken by satellite sensors, aerial cameras, Streetside imagery, 3D city models and terrain.
CrimeAnalyst is an extension for ArcGIS Desktop, a suite of geographic information system (GIS) software products. It provides added functionality for crime analysis and crime mapping. CrimeAnalyst is produced by ESRI (UK).
Geographic information systems (GIS) play a constantly evolving role in geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) and United States national security. These technologies allow a user to efficiently manage, analyze, and produce geospatial data, to combine GEOINT with other forms of intelligence collection, and to perform highly developed analysis and visual production of geospatial data. Therefore, GIS produces up-to-date and more reliable GEOINT to reduce uncertainty for a decisionmaker. Since GIS programs are Web-enabled, a user can constantly work with a decision maker to solve their GEOINT and national security related problems from anywhere in the world. There are many types of GIS software used in GEOINT and national security, such as Google Earth, ERDAS IMAGINE, GeoNetwork opensource, and Esri ArcGIS.
Vector tiles, tiled vectors or vectiles are packets of geographic data, packaged into pre-defined roughly-square shaped "tiles" for transfer over the web. This is an emerging method for delivering styled web maps, combining certain benefits of pre-rendered raster map tiles with vector map data. As with the widely used raster tiled web maps, map data is requested by a client as a set of "tiles" corresponding to square areas of land of a pre-defined size and location. Unlike raster tiled web maps, however, the server returns vector map data, which has been clipped to the boundaries of each tile, instead of a pre-rendered map image.
References
- San Diego Union Tribune – Crime busters get a break in their investigations, published August 1998.
- ESRI ArcNews – Redlands, California, Police Use CrimeView to Predict Trouble Spots, published Winter 1998.
- International Association of Crime Analysts – CrimeView CrimeView suite of desktop and Web-based applications, IACA Web site 2000.
- Utah County Daily Herald – Law Enforcement Officials Improving Crime Data Analysis, published June 2002.
- National Institute of Justice – San Francisco CrimeMAPS (based on CrimeView) CrimeView Community, NIJ Web site 2002.
- Government Matters 2003 – Regional Analysis CrimeView and Citrix, ESRI Press 2003.
- Police Chief Magazine – San Francisco Launches Crime Mapping System, Police Chief Magazine May 2004 Issue.
- City of Lafayette's CrimeView Community Application – City Manager's Blog on CrimeView Community, City of Lafayette, Louisiana 2005.
- West Des Moines City Manager's Blog 2006 – City Manager's Blog on CrimeView, City of West Des Moines, Iowa 2006.
- Officer.com – CrimeView Helps Hartford Police Implement Change in Laws, posted to Officer.com in December 2006.
- LaserFiche User News– IT Innovation Helps Claremont Fight Crime, LaserFiche Web site, July 2007.
- IN.GOV – CrimeView Community Law Enforcement Map, posted to Indiana Government Web site, October 2007.
- Chief Tom Cassady's Blog – Lincoln Police Utilize CrimeView, The Blog Spot 2008.
- CBS News – Neighborhood Crime Rates With the Click of a Mouse, CBS News 4, Hollywood, Florida, January 2008.
- GIS Cafe 2008 – Gulport Police Launch CrimeView, Cafe Press 2008.
- Omega Press – Peoria Police and Sheriff Launch CrimeView Community CrimeView Community, Peoria, Illinois, July 2009.
- Omega Press – CrimeView Improves Traffic Safety CrimeView, Norfolk, Virginia, October 2009.
- Omega Press – Greek National Police Launch Crime Analysis Tool Online CrimeView Server, Athens, Greece, April 2010.