GPX5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Aliases | GPX5 , HEL-S-75p, glutathione peroxidase 5, GPx-5, EGLP, GSHPx-5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 603435 MGI: 104886 HomoloGene: 1155 GeneCards: GPX5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPx-5), also known as epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX5 gene. [5] [6]
GPx-5 belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family. It is specifically expressed in the epididymis in the mammalian male reproductive tract, and is androgen-regulated. Unlike mRNAs for other characterized glutathione peroxidases, this mRNA does not contain a selenocysteine (UGA) codon. Thus, the encoded protein is selenium-independent, and has been proposed to play a role in protecting the membranes of spermatozoa from the damaging effects of lipid peroxidation and/or preventing premature acrosome reaction. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [5]
Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is the general name of an enzyme family with peroxidase activity whose main biological role is to protect the organism from oxidative damage. The biochemical function of glutathione peroxidase is to reduce lipid hydroperoxides to their corresponding alcohols and to reduce free hydrogen peroxide to water.
In molecular biology a selenoprotein is any protein that includes a selenocysteine amino acid residue. Among functionally characterized selenoproteins are five glutathione peroxidases (GPX) and three thioredoxin reductases, (TrxR/TXNRD) which both contain only one Sec. Selenoprotein P is the most common selenoprotein found in the plasma. It is unusual because in humans it contains 10 Sec residues, which are split into two domains, a longer N-terminal domain that contains 1 Sec, and a shorter C-terminal domain that contains 9 Sec. The longer N-terminal domain is likely an enzymatic domain, and the shorter C-terminal domain is likely a means of safely transporting the very reactive selenium atom throughout the body.
Glutathione peroxidase 1, also known as GPx1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX1 gene on chromosome 3. This gene encodes a member of the glutathione peroxidase family. Glutathione peroxidase functions in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, and is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes in humans.
Glutathione S-transferase A1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSTA1 gene.
Glutathione peroxidase 4, also known as GPX4, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX4 gene. GPX4 is a phospholipid hydroperoxidase that protects cells against membrane lipid peroxidation.
Glutathione S-transferase A2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSTA2 gene.
Actin, gamma-enteric smooth muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTG2 gene.
Glutathione peroxidase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX2 gene.
Cysteine-rich secretory protein 3 is a cysteine-rich secretory protein that in humans is encoded by the CRISP3 gene.
WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 - also known as Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) - is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WFDC2 gene.
PGDS protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HPGDS gene.
Spermatid nuclear transition protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNP1 gene.
Cystatin-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CST8 gene.
Glutathione peroxidase 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX7 gene.
Selenoprotein W is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SEPW1 gene.
Cysteine-rich secretory protein 1 is a cysteine-rich secretory protein that in humans is encoded by the CRISP1 gene.
Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MGST2 gene.
Eppin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPINLW1 gene.
Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx-3), also known as plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx-P) or extracellular glutathione peroxidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX3 gene.
Glutathione peroxidase 6 (GPx-6) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX6 gene.