Gloppen

Last updated
Gloppen Municipality
Gloppen kommune
Gloppen-collage.jpg
Views of Gloppen
Norway Counties Vestland Position.svg
Vestland within Norway
NO 4650 Gloppen.svg
Gloppen within Vestland
Coordinates: 61°44′38″N06°10′14″E / 61.74389°N 6.17056°E / 61.74389; 6.17056
Country Norway
County Vestland
District Nordfjord
Established1 Jan 1838
  Created as Formannskapsdistrikt
Administrative centre Sandane
Government
  Mayor (2023)Arnar Kvernevik (Ap)
Area
  Total1,030.52 km2 (397.89 sq mi)
  Land962.65 km2 (371.68 sq mi)
  Water67.88 km2 (26.21 sq mi)  6.6%
  Rank#112 in Norway
Population
 (2023)
  Total5,892
  Rank#162 in Norway
  Density6.1/km2 (16/sq mi)
  Change (10 years)
Increase2.svg +3.8%
Demonym Gloppar [1]
Official language
[2]
   Norwegian form Nynorsk
Time zone UTC+01:00 (CET)
  Summer (DST) UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code NO-4650 [3]
Website Official website

Gloppen is a municipality in the county of Vestland, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Nordfjord. Gloppen is generally subdivided into three areas: Hyen in the west, Gloppen in the center, and Breim in the east.

Contents

Each of the areas have their own main service centres. Sandane, the administrative centre of the municipality, is the largest with about 2,500 inhabitants. Sandane, Vereide, and Sørstranda are centered on the Gloppefjorden in Gloppen in the central part of the municipality. The villages of Byrkjelo, Re, Kandal, and Egge are centered on the lake Breimsvatnet in the Breim area in the east. The villages of Straume, Eimhjellen, and Solheim are located around the Hyefjorden in Hyen in the west. The whole municipality sits on the southern side of the large Nordfjorden.

The European route E39 highway runs through the municipality before crossing the Nordfjorden on a car ferry. The Sandane Airport, Anda is located along the E39 highway, just north of Vereide.

The 1,031-square-kilometre (398 sq mi) municipality is the 112th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Gloppen is the 162nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,892. The municipality's population density is 6.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (16/sq mi) and its population has increased by 3.8% over the previous 10-year period. [4] [5]

General information

Sandane Sandane.JPG
Sandane
Vereide Church Vereide.jpg
Vereide Church

Gloppen was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). The original municipality was identical to the Gloppen parish (prestegjeld) including the sub-parishes (sokn) of Gimmestad, Breim, and Vereide. On 1 January 1886, the sub-parish of Breim (population: 1,823) was separated from Gloppen to form its own municipality. This left Gloppen with 2,970 residents. [6]

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the municipality of Breim (population: 1,731) was merged back into the municipality of Gloppen. After the merger, the population of Gloppen was 5,702. On 1 January 1965, the Hoplandsgrenda area (population: 42) of Gloppen municipality (on the northern shore of the Nordfjorden) was transferred to neighboring Stryn Municipality. On 1 January 1992, the Lote area of Gloppen (also on the north side of the Nordfjorden) was transferred to Eid Municipality. This left all of Gloppen located south of the Nordfjorden. [6]

On 1 January 2020, the municipality became part of the newly created Vestland county after Sogn og Fjordane and Hordaland counties were merged.

Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the local Gloppefjorden (Old Norse : Gloppi) since it is one of the central geographical features of the municipality. The name is probably derived from the word gloppa which means "narrow opening" or "mountain gorge". [7]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 19 December 1986. The official blazon is "Azure, a horse passant argent" (Norwegian : På blå grunn ein gåande sølv hest). This means the arms have a blue field (background) and the charge is a fjord horse. The horse has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The design depicts the Norwegian fjord horse which is a relatively small, but very strong, horse breed from the mountainous regions of Western Norway. The arms were designed by Petter Eide. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms. [8] [9] [10]

Churches

The Church of Norway has four parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Gloppen. It is part of the Nordfjord prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.

Churches in Gloppen
Parish (sokn)Church nameLocation of the churchYear built
Breim Breim Church Re 1886
Gimmestad Gimmestad Church Sørstranda 1910
Old Gimmestad Church Sørstranda 1690
Hyen Hyen Church Straume 1876
Vereide Sandane Church Sandane 1997
Vereide Church Vereide 12th century

Government

Gloppen Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. [11] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Sogn og Fjordane District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Gloppen is made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Gloppen kommunestyre 20232027 [12]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)5
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne)2
  Conservative Party (Høgre)6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)8
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:27
Gloppen kommunestyre 20192023 [13]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)3
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne)2
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)13
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Social Democrats (Samfunnsdemokratane)1
Total number of members:27
Gloppen kommunestyre 20152019 [14]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)2
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne)1
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)7
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)11
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Social Democrats (Samfunnsdemokratane)2
Total number of members:27
Gloppen kommunestyre 20112015 [15]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)3
  Conservative Party (Høgre)5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)9
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
 Social Democrats (Samfunnsdemokratane)4
Total number of members:27
Gloppen kommunestyre 20072011 [14]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)3
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)1
  Conservative Party (Høgre)4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)13
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:27
Gloppen kommunestyre 20032007 [14]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)3
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)1
  Conservative Party (Høgre)3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)13
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:27
Gloppen kommunestyre 19992003 [14]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)4
  Conservative Party (Høgre)5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)7
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)12
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
  Liberal Party (Venstre)3
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19951999 [16]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)5
  Conservative Party (Høgre)3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)15
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
  Liberal Party (Venstre)3
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19911995 [17]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)4
  Conservative Party (Høgre)4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)15
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19871991 [18]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)5
  Conservative Party (Høgre)6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)13
  Liberal Party (Venstre)3
  Socialist Common List (Sosialistisk Samlingsliste)1
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19831987 [19]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)5
  Conservative Party (Høgre)6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)12
  Liberal Party (Venstre)3
  Socialist Common List (Sosialistisk Samlingsliste)1
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19791983 [20]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)3
  Conservative Party (Høgre)5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)8
  Liberal Party (Venstre)3
  Breim's List (Breim si liste)8
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19751979 [21]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)3
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
  New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet)1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)11
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
  Local list for Inner Breim (Krinsliste for Indre Breim)5
  Local list for Lower Breim (Krinsliste for Nedre Breim)3
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19711975 [22]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)4
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)11
  Liberal Party (Venstre)4
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)8
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19671971 [23]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)4
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)11
  Liberal Party (Venstre)4
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)9
Total number of members:33
Gloppen kommunestyre 19631967 [24]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)4
  Conservative Party (Høgre)1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)17
  Liberal Party (Venstre)5
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)2
Total number of members:33
Gloppen heradsstyre 19591963 [25]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)4
  Conservative Party (Høgre)1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)13
  Liberal Party (Venstre)7
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)1
Total number of members:29
Gloppen heradsstyre 19551959 [26]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)5
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)13
  Liberal Party (Venstre)6
Total number of members:29
Gloppen heradsstyre 19511955 [27]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)5
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)12
  Liberal Party (Venstre)10
Total number of members:29
Gloppen heradsstyre 19471951 [28]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)3
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)5
  Liberal Party (Venstre)5
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)16
Total number of members:29
Gloppen heradsstyre 19451947 [29]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)3
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)26
Total number of members:29
Gloppen heradsstyre 19371941* [30]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)5
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister)13
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)9
Total number of members:29
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

The mayor (ordførar) of a municipality in Norway is a representative of the majority party of the municipal council who is elected to lead the council. The mayors of Gloppen: [31]

  • 1838–1838: Christoffer Nielsen Scherdahlen
  • 1839–1844: Rasmus Rolfsen Arnet
  • 1844–1845: Gabriel R. Aasebø
  • 1846–1847: Rasmus L. Gaasemyr
  • 1848–1851: Jørgen Meier Heffermehl
  • 1852–1855: Rasmus L. Gaasemyr
  • 1856–1865: Jørgen Meyer Heffermehl
  • 1866–1869: Abraham V. Heffermehl
  • 1870–1883: Ole Josefson Hestenes
  • 1884–1886: Jakob J. Myklebust (V)
  • 1886–1893: Ole Josefson Hestenes
  • 1894–1902: Johan C. Bugge
  • 1903–1913: Jakob J. Lothe
  • 1914–1919: Jon A. Vereide
  • 1919–1922: Elias Faleide (V)
  • 1923–1928: Jon A. Vereide
  • 1928–1941: Elias Faleide (V)
  • 1942–1945: Martin R. Andenes (NS)
  • 1945–1947: Elias Faleide (V)
  • 1947–1956: Alf Gloppestad
  • 1956–1962: John Austrheim (Sp)
  • 1962–1964: Elias Eimhjellen
  • 1965–1967: Johnny Bakke (V)
  • 1968-1975: Ola M. Hestenes (Sp)
  • 1976-1988: Olav Moritsgård (Sp)
  • 1988-1999: Nils R. Sandal (Sp)
  • 1999-2015: Anders Ryssdal (Sp)
  • 2015-2023: Leidulf Gloppestad (Sp)
  • 2023-present: Arnar Kvernevik (Ap) [32]

Geography

The municipality is located southern shores of the Nordfjorden. To the north is the municipality of Eid, to the east is Stryn, to the south is Naustdal and Jølster, and to the west is Flora and Bremanger. There are two fjords that branch off the main fjord into Gloppen: Hyefjorden and Gloppefjorden.

Gloppen has a natural landscape with virtually unspoiled nature ranging from sea level up to high-alpine mountains of some 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) height. Snønipa is the highest mountain in the municipality and is located at the Myklebustbreen glacier. The lakes Breimsvatn and Emhjellevatnet are, respectively, the first and second largest lakes in Gloppen. There are also some large glaciers such as Ålfotbreen, Gjegnalundsbreen, and Myklebustbreen. The river Gloppeelva runs from the lake Breimsvatnet to the Gloppefjorden.

Climate

Gloppen has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification), also known as a marine west coast climate. The wettest season is autumn and winter, with December as the wettest month. The driest season is April - August. The driest month May gets about a third of the average precipitation in December. The average date for the last overnight freeze (low below 0 °C (32.0 °F)) in spring is 27 April [33] and average date for first freeze in autumn is 15 October [34] giving a frost-free season of 170 days (1981-2010 average). In January 1987, Sandane recorded a low of −19.5 °C (−3.1 °F)), and June 2020 recorded a high of 31.2 °C (88.2 °F)). In October 2005, Sandane recorded 24 °C (75.2 °F)), which was new October record for Vestland province. The Sandane weather station started recording in June 1957. There is also a weather station at Sandane Airport, showing similar temperatures. Up on the Ålfotbreen glacier, partly in the municipality, precipitation is estimated to be around 6,000 millimetres (240 in) annually. [35]

Climate data for Sandane 1991–2020 (51 m)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)3.4
(38.1)
3.5
(38.3)
5.8
(42.4)
10
(50)
14.2
(57.6)
17.3
(63.1)
19.5
(67.1)
18.6
(65.5)
14.9
(58.8)
9.7
(49.5)
5.9
(42.6)
3.5
(38.3)
10.5
(50.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)1.1
(34.0)
0.7
(33.3)
2.5
(36.5)
6
(43)
9.7
(49.5)
13
(55)
15.4
(59.7)
14.8
(58.6)
11.4
(52.5)
6.6
(43.9)
3.3
(37.9)
1.2
(34.2)
7.1
(44.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−1.7
(28.9)
−2.1
(28.2)
−0.4
(31.3)
2.4
(36.3)
5.4
(41.7)
9.1
(48.4)
11.6
(52.9)
11.2
(52.2)
8.2
(46.8)
3.8
(38.8)
0.8
(33.4)
−1.5
(29.3)
3.9
(39.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)155
(6.1)
122
(4.8)
110
(4.3)
66
(2.6)
62
(2.4)
69
(2.7)
71
(2.8)
96
(3.8)
129
(5.1)
153
(6.0)
150
(5.9)
174
(6.9)
1,357
(53.4)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)161515121011121514151517167
Source 1: yr.no/Met.no [36]
Source 2: Noaa WMO averages 91-2020 Norway [37]

Economy

The dominant trades and industries in Gloppen are agriculture and farming. The municipal centre Sandane is also home to a college of secondary education and a branch of Sogn og Fjordane University College which specialized in music therapy (this school closed in 2005). The Firda Upper Secondary School is located in Sandane.

Attractions

Karnilshaugen

Gloppen is the site of Karnils tumulus burial mound (Norwegian : Karnilshaugen) from the Old Norse word haugr meaning mound or barrow. Karnilshaugen or Tinghaugen på Hauge is located on the Hauge farm west of Sandane. Karnilshaugen is probably one of the ten largest mounds in Nordfjord. The burial mound was built on top of Tinghaug, the site of a Thing (assembly). Tinghaug was a place of public gathering, for cultural events and religious actions. [38] [39]

Notable people

Sigrid Moldestad, 2013 Sigrid Moldestad (cropped).JPG
Sigrid Moldestad, 2013

Sport

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Selje is a former municipality in the old Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway and was located in the traditional district of Nordfjord. The village of Selje was the administrative center this municipality. Other villages and neighborhoods in the municipality included Barmen, Ervik, Flatraket, Hoddevik, Hoddevika, Håvik, and Leikanger. On 1 January 2020 the municipality became part of the new Stad Municipality in the newly formed Vestland county.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hornindal</span> Former municipality in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway

Hornindal is a former municipality in the old Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. It existed from 1867 until 1965 and then again from 1977 until 2020. It was located in the traditional district of Nordfjord. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Grodås. The municipality was located at the eastern end of the lake Hornindalsvatnet, the deepest lake in Northern Europe. The rest of the lake lies inside neighboring Eid Municipality.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stryn</span> Municipality in Vestland, Norway

Stryn is a municipality in the county of Vestland, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Nordfjord. The administrative center of the municipality is the village of Stryn. The municipality is located along the innermost part of the Nordfjorden. Some of the main villages in Stryn include Loen, Innvik, Utvik, Randabygda, Olden, and Flo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eid, Norway</span> Former municipality in Sogn og Fjordane, Norway

Eid is a former municipality in the county of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. It was located in the traditional district of Nordfjord. The village of Nordfjordeid was the administrative center of the municipality. Other larger villages in Eid included Mogrenda, Stårheim, Haugen, Kjølsdalen, Heggjabygda, and Lote.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davik</span> Former municipality in Sogn og Fjordane, Norway

Davik is a former municipality in the traditional district of Nordfjord in the old Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. The 654-square-kilometre (253 sq mi) former municipality existed from 1838 until 1964 and it encompassed all the lands surrounding the outer part of the large Nordfjorden on both sides of the fjord. Davik was located in parts of the present-day municipalities of Kinn, Bremanger, and Stad. The administrative center of the former municipality was the village of Davik which is located on the southern shore of the Nordfjorden, although some of the municipal services were based out of the village of Bryggja on the north side of the fjord, since that village was the largest village in Davik municipality.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Breim</span> Former municipality in Vestland, Norway

Breim is a former municipality in the old Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Nordfjord in the eastern part of the present-day Gloppen Municipality which is now in Vestland county. The 359-square-kilometre (139 sq mi) municipality existed from 1886 until 1964. The administrative center was the village of Reed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Innvik</span> Former municipality in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway

Innvik is a former municipality in the old Sogn og Fjordane county in Norway. The 511-square-kilometre (197 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until 1965. Innvik is located in the present-day Stryn Municipality in Vestland county, encompassing about the western third of the present municipality. Innvik included both sides of the Nordfjorden, from Randabygda in the west to just west of the village of Stryn. It stretched from the border with Hornindal Municipality in the north, through the Oldedalen valley all the way to the Jostedalsbreen glacier in the south.

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Other sources