Golyamata Gramada

Last updated
Bridge over Triagalna Gramada (Triangle Pile) Stone River in Golyamata Gramada area. Golyamata-Gramada.jpg
Bridge over Triagalna Gramada (Triangle Pile) Stone River in Golyamata Gramada area.

Golyamata Gramada (Bulgarian : Голямата грамада, ‘Big Pile’) is one of the largest stone rivers on Vitosha Mountain, Bulgaria. The feature is situated in the upper valley of Vitoshka Bistritsa River in Bistrishko Branishte Nature Reserve, extending near 1 km, and up to 300 m wide. The stone river is ‘descending’ from elevation 1900 m above sea level at the foothills of Golyam Rezen Peak to 1550 m off the track between Bistritsa village and Aleko site (1810 m), the most popular tourist centre on Vitosha Mountain accessible also from Sofia by gondola lift. [1] [2]

Bulgarian language South Slavic language

Bulgarian, is an Indo-European language and a member of the Southern branch of the Slavic language family.

Stone run rock landform, result of erosion caused by myriad freezing-thawing cycles (periglacial conditions)

A stone run is a rock landform, resulting from the erosion of particular rock varieties caused by freezing-thawing cycles taking place in periglacial conditions during the last Ice Age. The actual formation of stone runs involved five processes: weathering, solifluction, frost heaving, frost sorting, and washing. The stone runs are essentially different from moraines, rock glaciers, and rock flows or other rock phenomena involving the actual flow of rock blocks under stress that is sufficient to break down the cement or to cause crushing of the angularities and points of the boulders. By contrast, the stone run boulders are fixed quite stably, providing for safer climbing and crossing of the run.

Vitosha mountain massif in Bulgaria

Vitosha, the ancient Scomius or Scombrus, is a mountain massif, on the outskirts of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. Vitosha is one of the symbols of Sofia and the closest site for hiking, alpinism and skiing. Convenient bus lines and rope ways render the mountain easily accessible. Vitosha has the outlines of an enormous dome. The territory of the mountain includes Vitosha nature park that encompasses the best known and most frequently visited parts. The foothills of Vitosha shelter resort quarters of Sofia; Knyazhevo quarter has mineral springs. Vitosha is the oldest nature park in the Balkans. The mountain emerged as a result of volcanic activity and has been subsequently shaped by the slow folding of the granite rock layers and a series of gradual uplifts of the area. It appears dome shaped at first sight, but the mountain, 19 km long by 17 km wide, actually consists of concentric denudational plateaus rising in tiers one above the other. Vitosha is separated into four main parts whose main ridges gather at a crown known as Cherni Vrah. This is the highest point of the mountain at 2290 m and is one of 10 peaks of Vitosha over 2000 m in height.

Contents

See also

Google view

Sources

  1. Biosphere Reserves: Bistrishko Branishte. (in Bulgarian)
  2. Vitosha Map. Archived 2007-12-13 at the Wayback Machine . Vitosha Nature Park website: Navigable map.

Coordinates: 42°33′54″N23°18′14″E / 42.5650°N 23.3040°E / 42.5650; 23.3040

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.


Related Research Articles

Vladaya (river) river in Bulgaria

The Vladayska is a river in western Bulgaria, a tributary of the Perlovska.

Cherni Vrah peak

Cherni Vrah is the summit of Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. Rising to 2290 m, the peak is the fourth highest mountain summit in the country after Musala, Vihren, and Botev Vrah.

Bistritsa, Sofia village in the Pancharevo municipality, Bulgaria

Bistritsa is a large village in the Pancharevo municipality, located at 15 km to the south of the capital Sofia. As of 2006 it has 4,004 inhabitants.

Zlatnite Mostove

Zlatnite Mostove is the largest stone river on Vitosha Mountain, Bulgaria. The feature is situated in the valley of Vladayska River, extending 2.2 km, and up to 150 m wide, with several ‘tributary’ stone rivers. The stone river is ‘descending’ from elevation 1800 m above sea level in Boeritsa Chalet area to 1410 m at Zlatnite Mostove site. The lower extremity of the stone river is known as Zlatnite Mostove site, a popular tourist destination accessible from Sofia by road.

Boyanska reka river in Bulgaria

The Boyanska reka is a river in western Bulgaria, a left tributary to the river Perlovska.

Vitoshka Bistritsa watercourse in Bulgaria

Bistritsa or Vitoshka Bistritsa, is a river in western Bulgaria, tributary of Iskar River. Flows from the eastern slopes of Golyam Rezen Peak on Vitosha Mountain, crossing Bistrishko Branishte Nature Reserve, where it forms a small but beautiful waterfall Samokovishteto, then crossing villages of Bistritsa and Pancharevo to flow into Lake Pancharevo, near Sofia. Additional charm of the area offer several artificial waterfalls in the lower reaches of the river.

Golyam Rezen

Golyam Rezen is a peak on Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. Rising to 2,277 m, the peak is second to the mountain's summit Cherni Vrah situated 900 m to the west. Golyam Rezen hosts an Air Traffic Services facility, as well as military communications installations. The precipitous east slopes of the peak are a popular rock climbing site, overlooking Bistritsa River Valley in Bistrishko Branishte Biosphere Reserve.

Kamen Del

Kamen Del is a peak on Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. Rising to 1,862 metres (6,109 ft), and surmounting the city of Sofia, it is the most conspicuous peak seen from the Bulgarian capital. Its northern slope is partly covered by an extensive one by one km stone sea. A flat col links Kamen Del to Ushite Peak 1,960 metres (6,430 ft) to the south, hosting a small refuge on the track between Aleko and Zlatnite Mostove, the two most popular tourist sites on Vitosha.

Aleko, Vitosha

Aleko is a site on Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria situated at the northern foothills of Malak Rezen Peak (2191 m), in the watershed of Yanchevska River draining eastwards towards the village of Bistritsa, Sofia.

Bistrishko Branishte Biosphere reserve in Bulgaria

Bistrishko Branishte is a nature reserve on Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria comprising the eastern slopes of Golyam Rezen (2277 m), Malak Rezen (2191 m) and Skoparnik (2226 m) Peaks, the northern slopes of Golyam Kupen Peak (1930 m), and the upper valleys of Vitoshka Bistritsa River and Yanchevska River. Surface area 1061.6 ha, elevation between 1430 and 2277 m.

Selimitsa

Selimitsa is a peak rising to 2,041 m west of Torfeno Branishte Nature Reserve in northwestern Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. The northern slopes of the peak are occupied by the ski runs of Konyarnika Ski Centre. Linked by tracks to Kumata Chalet and Zlatnite Mostove Tourist Centre to the north, Selimitsa Chalet, Kladnitsa Monastery and Kladnitsa Village to the west, Matnitsa River valley and Chuypetlovo Village to the south, and the mountain's summit Cherni Vrah to the east.

Torfeno Branishte Reserve in Bulgaria

Torfeno Branishte is a nature reserve on Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria, along with the Bistrishko Branishte reserve. The reserve has a surface area of 728.8 ha comprising the parts of Big Plateau and the Kapaklivets Plateau between the peaks of Cherni Vrah (2290 m), Ushite (1906 m), and Chernata Skala (1869 m), including the upper watersheds of the Vladayska, Boyanska and Dragalevska Rivers.

Malak Rezen mountain

Malak Rezen is a peak rising to 2,191 m in northeastern Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. The peak is situated 1.5 km northeast of the summit Cherni Vrah, and 1.3 km north by east of Golyam Rezen Peak, surmounting Stenata ski run and Aleko site to the north.

Ushite Peak

Ushite Peak is a peak rising to 1,860 metres (6,100 ft) in northern Vitosha Mountain, Bulgaria. The peak is situated on the northern border of Torfeno Branishte Nature Reserve, and 650 m south of Kamen Del Peak. A small refuge is situated on the northeastern slopes Ushite, off track between Aleko and Zlatnite Mostove, the two most popular tourist sites on Vitosha.

Skoparnik mountain in Bulgaria

Skoparnik is the third highest peak of Vitosha Mountain in Bulgaria. Rising to 2,226 m, the peak is situated 1.5 km south of Golyam Rezen Peak (2,277 m), and 2 km southeast of the summit Cherni Vrah (2,290 m). The peak is bounded by the Bistrishko Branishte Biosphere Reserve to the east, and a prohibited drinking water catchment area to the west, and is part of the divide between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean, with the Vitoshka Bistritsa draining its eastern slopes to flow into the Iskar River and eventually to the Danube River, and the Struma River draining the western slopes to flow into the Aegean Sea.

Golyam Kupen

Golyam Kupen is a peak rising to 1,930 m in Vitosha Mountain, Bulgaria. The peak is situated on the southern border of Bistrishko Branishte Biosphere Reserve, on the watershed between Vitoshka Bistritsa to the north and Selska Reka to the south, rivers flowing eastwards to the villages of Bistritsa and Zheleznitsa respectively, and eventually to Iskar River.

The Dragalevska is a river in western Bulgaria, a tertiary tributary of the Iskar.

Sofia Capital Municipality is a obshtina (municipality) in Sofia City Province, Western Bulgaria. It is named after its administrative centre - the city of Sofia, which is also the capital of Sofia City Province and Sofia Province and the capital of Bulgaria as well.