This is a list of countries by estimated future gross[ clarification needed ] central government debt based on data released in October 2020 by the International Monetary Fund, with figures in percentage of national GDP.
Country | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | 7.998 | 7.384 | 6.130 | 7.848 | 8.906 | 9.423 | 9.910 | 10.374 | 10.879 |
Albania | 71.895 | 69.509 | 67.748 | 83.288 | 83.201 | 77.099 | 74.801 | 71.915 | 69.149 |
Algeria | 16.693 | 17.964 | 18.288 | 18.109 | 17.256 | 16.888 | 16.314 | 15.940 | 15.754 |
Angola | 69.265 | 89.000 | 109.210 | 120.290 | 107.526 | 93.772 | 83.692 | 74.324 | 67.237 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 92.322 | 90.718 | 84.468 | 113.687 | 112.659 | 102.007 | 92.089 | 86.103 | 80.340 |
Argentina | 57.028 | 86.431 | 90.382 | 96.693 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Armenia | 53.704 | 51.233 | 49.945 | 60.710 | 61.751 | 60.560 | 59.199 | 57.574 | 56.061 |
Aruba | 86.741 | 83.412 | 81.286 | 127.142 | 120.295 | 117.528 | 117.821 | 117.283 | 115.729 |
Australia | 41.076 | 41.664 | 46.277 | 60.411 | 70.198 | 74.392 | 74.972 | 73.603 | 70.902 |
Austria | 78.405 | 73.964 | 70.347 | 84.757 | 84.281 | 82.442 | 81.115 | 79.313 | 76.966 |
Azerbaijan | 22.509 | 18.685 | 17.703 | 20.113 | 20.036 | 21.422 | 23.642 | 23.576 | 26.211 |
The Bahamas | 53.014 | 60.955 | 58.841 | 68.709 | 81.959 | 80.183 | 78.496 | 76.383 | 74.872 |
Bahrain | 88.138 | 95.018 | 103.363 | 128.282 | 130.581 | 132.871 | 134.797 | 136.262 | 137.132 |
Bangladesh | 33.376 | 34.561 | 35.819 | 39.619 | 41.915 | 42.290 | 42.386 | 41.862 | 41.311 |
Barbados | 158.264 | 125.585 | 122.222 | 134.094 | 124.526 | 117.242 | 111.337 | 105.678 | 100.112 |
Belarus | 53.160 | 47.515 | 41.863 | 50.896 | 48.584 | 48.174 | 45.211 | 44.340 | 42.981 |
Belgium | 101.765 | 99.898 | 98.748 | 117.696 | 117.068 | 118.340 | 119.598 | 121.248 | 123.024 |
Belize | 104.397 | 101.458 | 105.081 | 134.609 | 132.268 | 129.574 | 129.109 | 128.154 | 127.046 |
Benin | 39.598 | 41.080 | 41.230 | 41.786 | 41.365 | 39.870 | 38.371 | 36.777 | 35.189 |
Bhutan | 111.724 | 110.469 | 104.405 | 121.263 | 125.713 | 121.030 | 114.527 | 104.318 | 97.524 |
Bolivia | 51.260 | 53.850 | 59.000 | 69.447 | 68.313 | 67.570 | 66.906 | 66.585 | 65.992 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 39.240 | 34.271 | 32.804 | 38.869 | 40.399 | 40.113 | 40.417 | 39.096 | 37.309 |
Botswana | 13.397 | 14.197 | 15.101 | 20.571 | 24.002 | 25.916 | 27.916 | 30.118 | 31.465 |
Brazil | 83.659 | 87.071 | 89.471 | 101.399 | 102.764 | 103.473 | 103.766 | 104.210 | 104.409 |
Brunei | 2.826 | 2.586 | 2.575 | 3.208 | 2.880 | 2.723 | 2.629 | 2.557 | 2.493 |
Bulgaria | 23.003 | 20.116 | 18.576 | 24.070 | 23.683 | 22.226 | 21.015 | 19.941 | 18.939 |
Burkina Faso | 33.498 | 37.654 | 42.672 | 46.616 | 48.062 | 48.423 | 48.270 | 47.690 | 47.142 |
Burundi | 44.720 | 50.506 | 57.371 | 65.033 | 68.927 | 70.702 | 71.903 | 71.972 | 71.027 |
Cabo Verde | 127.218 | 125.592 | 124.981 | 136.789 | 137.577 | 136.272 | 129.852 | 122.962 | 115.437 |
Cambodia | 29.995 | 28.638 | 28.613 | 31.472 | 31.441 | 32.110 | 33.355 | 35.121 | 36.855 |
Cameroon | 37.679 | 39.474 | 42.669 | 44.727 | 44.968 | 44.898 | 44.085 | 42.832 | 41.386 |
Canada | 90.548 | 89.747 | 88.619 | 114.648 | 114.972 | 114.671 | 112.831 | 110.017 | 106.24 |
Central African Republic | 50.275 | 50.031 | 47.177 | 46.574 | 44.029 | 40.992 | 38.868 | 37.144 | 35.865 |
Chad | 50.268 | 49.055 | 44.286 | 46.371 | 44.352 | 41.873 | 39.147 | 37.830 | 35.104 |
Chile | 23.598 | 25.558 | 27.907 | 32.806 | 37.510 | 41.745 | 44.893 | 47.738 | 47.981 |
China | 46.358 | 48.796 | 52.629 | 61.702 | 66.530 | 71.200 | 74.599 | 76.8341 | 78.068 |
Colombia | 49.436 | 53.685 | 52.285 | 68.231 | 68.065 | 67.325 | 65.472 | 62.343 | 59.524 |
Comoros | 18.445 | 21.053 | 25.237 | 30.424 | 32.406 | 32.941 | 33.435 | 33.833 | 33.940 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 19.053 | 15.298 | 14.750 | 16.140 | 13.420 | 11.276 | 9.270 | 7.693 | 6.259 |
Republic of the Congo | 94.224 | 98.465 | 83.672 | 104.518 | 98.419 | 90.367 | 81.848 | 70.270 | 63.729 |
Costa Rica | 48.336 | 53.078 | 58.380 | 70.052 | 74.763 | 76.758 | 77.165 | 76.306 | 74.163 |
Croatia | 77.756 | 74.717 | 73.236 | 87.670 | 85.459 | 82.711 | 80.273 | 77.969 | 75.97 |
Cyprus | 93.884 | 100.561 | 95.507 | 118.402 | 112.418 | 105.063 | 101.037 | 93.873 | 85.713 |
Czech Republic | 34.236 | 32.071 | 30.246 | 39.133 | 41.390 | 42.507 | 42.792 | 42.446 | 41.858 |
Côte d'Ivoire | 36.854 | 39.662 | 37.888 | 41.732 | 42.614 | 42.401 | 42.183 | 41.894 | 42.113 |
Denmark | 35.820 | 34.214 | 29.393 | 34.544 | 39.287 | 42.556 | 44.451 | 45.278 | 45.883 |
Djibouti | 48.184 | 46.508 | 38.474 | 40.556 | 41.726 | 40.839 | 40.033 | 39.521 | 38.916 |
Dominica | 83.806 | 78.822 | 85.718 | 90.758 | 88.986 | 84.354 | 80.520 | 76.019 | 71.001 |
Dominican Republic | 49.163 | 50.661 | 53.758 | 68.771 | 68.203 | 66.762 | 65.006 | 63.349 | 61.674 |
Ecuador | 44.617 | 46.139 | 51.825 | 68.921 | 67.438 | 65.781 | 62.280 | 59.950 | 56.058 |
Egypt | 103.161 | 92.652 | 83.800 | 86.590 | 90.598 | 87.801 | 84.441 | 80.814 | 77.018 |
El Salvador | 67.184 | 68.000 | 69.402 | 88.987 | 92.538 | 95.584 | 98.916 | 102.771 | 106.800 |
Equatorial Guinea | 36.235 | 39.151 | 41.063 | 51.174 | 48.223 | 49.384 | 48.484 | 47.493 | 46.134 |
Eritrea | 202.536 | 185.607 | 189.351 | 185.790 | 173.471 | 165.657 | 157.733 | 149.848 | 142.185 |
Estonia | 9.124 | 8.296 | 8.396 | 18.687 | 22.378 | 25.560 | 28.047 | 30.330 | 31.890 |
Eswatini (Swaziland) | 25.115 | 33.836 | 38.049 | 47.926 | 49.902 | 52.134 | 52.556 | 51.996 | 51.389 |
Ethiopia | 57.723 | 61.106 | 57.603 | 56.072 | 58.511 | 56.925 | 53.914 | 48.604 | 43.306 |
Eurozone | 87.619 | 85.734 | 83.984 | 101.142 | 99.975 | 98.366 | 96.954 | 95.574 | 94.265 |
European Union | 83.283 | 81.293 | 79.205 | 95.347 | 94.607 | 93.200 | 91.850 | 90.506 | 89.255 |
Fiji | 43.745 | 46.155 | 48.996 | 83.789 | 83.329 | 79.528 | 76.893 | 74.533 | 73.449 |
Finland | 61.267 | 59.626 | 59.011 | 67.912 | 68.590 | 69.120 | 69.765 | 70.278 | 70.540 |
France | 98.318 | 98.060 | 98.120 | 118.738 | 118.573 | 119.959 | 121.271 | 122.270 | 123.307 |
Gabon | 62.886 | 60.914 | 62.401 | 73.857 | 70.525 | 65.197 | 59.855 | 54.767 | 48.98 |
The Gambia | 87.008 | 84.611 | 80.010 | 83.102 | 77.006 | 73.908 | 67.793 | 61.942 | 57.003 |
Georgia | 40.760 | 39.952 | 42.641 | 58.655 | 58.779 | 56.381 | 54.611 | 53.112 | 52.034 |
Germany | 64.993 | 61.630 | 59.525 | 73.278 | 72.206 | 68.492 | 65.526 | 62.571 | 59.549 |
Ghana | 58.306 | 59.129 | 62.763 | 76.668 | 74.653 | 74.637 | 72.393 | 71.860 | 71.33 |
Greece | 179.275 | 184.759 | 180.915 | 205.249 | 200.533 | 187.331 | 176.990 | 169.749 | 165.910 |
Grenada | 70.109 | 64.358 | 59.079 | 71.496 | 73.497 | 70.199 | 64.236 | 57.122 | 50.343 |
Guatemala | 25.091 | 26.490 | 26.591 | 32.229 | 33.894 | 35.034 | 35.600 | 35.666 | 35.458 |
Guinea | 40.483 | 37.956 | 34.498 | 44.883 | 45.919 | 44.314 | 42.916 | 41.971 | 40.958 |
Guinea-Bissau | 50.734 | 60.184 | 67.616 | 79.810 | 79.037 | 77.816 | 75.317 | 72.691 | 70.04 |
Guyana | 38.909 | 43.114 | 39.792 | 36.981 | 34.843 | 27.658 | 21.971 | 21.100 | 20.488 |
Haiti | 37.970 | 39.659 | 47.686 | 54.363 | 52.442 | 48.906 | 46.315 | 44.775 | 43.84 |
Honduras | 38.912 | 40.083 | 40.287 | 45.957 | 50.419 | 52.366 | 53.852 | 53.710 | 51.09 |
Hong Kong | 0.055 | 0.052 | 0.269 | 0.290 | 0.272 | 0.255 | 0.242 | 0.000 | 0.00 |
Hungary | 72.903 | 70.233 | 66.344 | 77.420 | 75.869 | 73.219 | 69.836 | 66.449 | 63.47 |
Iceland | 43.246 | 37.376 | 36.997 | 51.732 | 52.529 | 52.747 | 52.868 | 52.514 | 53.096 |
India | 69.423 | 69.575 | 72.344 | 89.330 | 89.856 | 89.517 | 89.022 | 88.552 | 88.155 |
Indonesia | 29.396 | 30.069 | 30.490 | 38.477 | 41.828 | 43.181 | 43.261 | 43.168 | 43.068 |
Iran | 38.187 | 40.327 | 44.743 | 45.367 | 40.435 | 39.210 | 38.641 | 38.502 | 38.350 |
Iraq | 58.887 | 48.885 | 46.904 | 68.265 | 74.981 | 81.685 | 84.842 | 88.307 | 90.834 |
Ireland | 67.411 | 62.915 | 57.331 | 63.676 | 61.254 | 59.227 | 55.804 | 52.512 | 49.239 |
Israel | 60.607 | 60.877 | 59.979 | 76.521 | 80.002 | 81.420 | 82.239 | 82.647 | 82.683 |
Italy | 134.145 | 134.808 | 134.804 | 161.849 | 158.305 | 156.569 | 154.874 | 153.830 | 152.568 |
Jamaica | 101.292 | 94.405 | 93.861 | 101.334 | 92.432 | 84.277 | 77.427 | 72.159 | 67.323 |
Japan | 234.462 | 236.568 | 237.955 | 266.176 | 263.968 | 263.045 | 262.785 | 263.016 | 263.985 |
Jordan | 76.022 | 75.061 | 78.015 | 88.382 | 88.839 | 88.019 | 86.123 | 82.749 | 79.885 |
Kazakhstan | 19.869 | 20.259 | 19.944 | 23.441 | 24.108 | 25.340 | 26.241 | 28.019 | 29.770 |
Kenya | 56.881 | 60.235 | 62.099 | 66.389 | 70.463 | 73.329 | 76.262 | 77.745 | 78.625 |
Kiribati | 21.423 | 19.708 | 18.344 | 17.722 | 24.952 | 31.521 | 37.600 | 43.223 | 48.452 |
Kosovo | 16.232 | 16.953 | 17.529 | 23.379 | 25.853 | 27.998 | 29.613 | 31.152 | 32.567 |
Kuwait | 20.485 | 14.838 | 11.771 | 19.255 | 36.570 | 49.341 | 65.225 | 78.422 | 89.925 |
Kyrgyzstan | 58.786 | 54.818 | 54.144 | 68.082 | 66.785 | 64.055 | 61.243 | 59.684 | 58.638 |
Laos | 57.198 | 59.650 | 62.643 | 70.937 | 70.659 | 70.617 | 70.037 | 68.848 | 67.443 |
Latvia | 40.327 | 36.509 | 36.756 | 44.063 | 45.024 | 42.998 | 40.853 | 39.619 | 38.503 |
Lebanon | 149.668 | 154.907 | 174.482 | 171.666 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Lesotho | 38.005 | 46.521 | 46.460 | 47.168 | 45.776 | 43.795 | 41.893 | 40.560 | 39.032 |
Liberia | 33.901 | 39.419 | 53.274 | 61.750 | 63.555 | 64.188 | 63.178 | 61.640 | 60.294 |
Libya | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Lithuania | 39.344 | 34.078 | 37.665 | 48.252 | 47.682 | 44.928 | 42.249 | 40.001 | 37.636 |
Luxembourg | 22.348 | 20.996 | 22.056 | 26.906 | 27.485 | 28.321 | 28.370 | 28.416 | 28.42 |
Macau | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Madagascar | 40.031 | 39.894 | 38.422 | 44.171 | 44.961 | 47.046 | 48.758 | 50.014 | 50.966 |
Malawi | 61.488 | 63.117 | 63.431 | 70.663 | 75.072 | 74.942 | 73.420 | 72.786 | 71.341 |
Malaysia | 54.395 | 55.543 | 57.243 | 67.581 | 66.025 | 65.043 | 64.123 | 63.008 | 61.996 |
Maldives | 61.299 | 71.254 | 77.987 | 118.318 | 119.178 | 116.667 | 113.914 | 110.033 | 106.509 |
Mali | 35.985 | 37.718 | 40.464 | 44.797 | 46.241 | 46.195 | 46.553 | 46.449 | 46.236 |
Malta | 48.793 | 45.185 | 42.570 | 56.697 | 57.083 | 55.424 | 54.554 | 53.092 | 51.385 |
Marshall Islands | 26.635 | 24.547 | 22.626 | 27.433 | 24.730 | 24.318 | 24.946 | 28.663 | 32.298 |
Mauritania | 55.100 | 61.389 | 58.115 | 65.565 | 65.909 | 64.659 | 61.764 | 58.877 | 56.932 |
Mauritius | 64.340 | 66.223 | 82.804 | 85.653 | 84.165 | 83.749 | 85.782 | 88.311 | 85.258 |
Mexico | 53.963 | 53.606 | 53.749 | 65.541 | 65.599 | 65.406 | 65.164 | 65.023 | 64.905 |
Micronesia | 21.923 | 18.761 | 16.998 | 16.495 | 14.978 | 13.673 | 12.424 | 15.799 | 19.046 |
Moldova | 34.300 | 31.640 | 28.378 | 37.847 | 39.238 | 40.425 | 40.717 | 39.848 | 38.917 |
Montenegro | 66.207 | 71.885 | 79.343 | 90.848 | 88.145 | 86.110 | 84.187 | 82.239 | 80.201 |
Morocco | 65.109 | 75.177 | 80.500 | 91.100 | 95.073 | 101.961 | 102.893 | 100.832 | 98.856 |
Mozambique | 102.443 | 106.246 | 104.378 | 121.331 | 123.511 | 123.351 | 116.803 | 104.885 | 92.081 |
Myanmar | 38.470 | 40.415 | 38.844 | 42.375 | 45.211 | 46.959 | 48.411 | 49.673 | 50.549 |
Namibia | 43.507 | 49.811 | 54.660 | 67.615 | 68.166 | 72.679 | 74.539 | 75.648 | 76.476 |
Nauru | 76.689 | 74.316 | 61.992 | 59.739 | 57.298 | 55.502 | 54.105 | 65.965 | 78.821 |
Nepal | 26.087 | 30.238 | 30.069 | 39.220 | 43.700 | 45.039 | 46.284 | 47.353 | 48.229 |
Netherlands | 56.913 | 52.391 | 48.384 | 59.319 | 61.140 | 61.011 | 60.113 | 58.596 | 56.391 |
New Zealand | 31.267 | 28.518 | 31.542 | 48.023 | 60.217 | 65.564 | 68.018 | 68.510 | 66.903 |
Nicaragua | 34.080 | 37.550 | 42.139 | 48.255 | 50.259 | 50.474 | 51.249 | 53.366 | 55.501 |
Niger | 39.530 | 38.939 | 41.726 | 48.350 | 48.645 | 45.491 | 43.023 | 42.201 | 41.625 |
Nigeria | 25.340 | 27.657 | 29.142 | 34.978 | 35.509 | 36.231 | 36.538 | 36.977 | 37.449 |
North Macedonia | 39.383 | 40.599 | 40.166 | 50.254 | 50.526 | 50.620 | 50.810 | 51.075 | 51.506 |
Norway | 38.636 | 39.915 | 41.250 | 40.000 | 40.000 | 40.000 | 40.000 | 40.000 | 40.000 |
Oman | 46.416 | 53.168 | 63.056 | 81.529 | 88.651 | 86.677 | 90.833 | 95.278 | 99.074 |
Pakistan | 67.060 | 72.077 | 85.555 | 87.203 | 85.965 | 82.112 | 78.304 | 73.639 | 69.263 |
Panama | 34.784 | 36.777 | 41.037 | 54.951 | 60.139 | 60.644 | 58.942 | 57.320 | 55.286 |
Papua New Guinea | 32.484 | 36.782 | 40.059 | 46.702 | 47.738 | 49.160 | 47.776 | 47.727 | 45.690 |
Paraguay | 19.841 | 22.243 | 26.107 | 35.453 | 35.697 | 35.247 | 34.429 | 33.919 | 33.357 |
Peru | 25.413 | 26.164 | 27.122 | 39.482 | 39.131 | 39.681 | 39.394 | 38.803 | 37.796 |
Philippines | 38.108 | 37.134 | 36.969 | 48.858 | 52.512 | 54.970 | 56.963 | 58.412 | 59.333 |
Poland | 50.626 | 48.843 | 45.969 | 60.001 | 60.179 | 59.239 | 59.341 | 59.865 | 60.893 |
Portugal | 126.143 | 122.004 | 117.737 | 137.240 | 130.047 | 124.059 | 119.607 | 117.789 | 115.895 |
Puerto Rico | 51.628 | 54.647 | 56.206 | 64.806 | 65.271 | 65.569 | 66.307 | 66.971 | 67.502 |
Qatar | 51.552 | 46.543 | 56.182 | 68.059 | 60.578 | 54.031 | 48.031 | 43.008 | 37.955 |
Romania | 36.811 | 36.427 | 36.761 | 44.833 | 49.591 | 54.382 | 58.475 | 62.196 | 65.351 |
Russia | 14.311 | 13.520 | 13.915 | 18.942 | 18.982 | 18.528 | 18.201 | 18.048 | 17.915 |
Rwanda | 41.317 | 44.991 | 51.361 | 61.604 | 69.387 | 69.548 | 67.571 | 67.015 | 66.872 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 59.413 | 57.212 | 56.220 | 69.069 | 63.943 | 58.402 | 54.119 | 53.179 | 52.216 |
Saint Lucia | 59.869 | 59.979 | 61.321 | 85.096 | 87.702 | 88.650 | 86.511 | 85.696 | 84.545 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 73.501 | 75.642 | 75.196 | 87.927 | 89.694 | 90.831 | 90.802 | 89.239 | 86.809 |
Samoa | 49.655 | 52.894 | 47.525 | 55.606 | 65.339 | 70.368 | 73.502 | 73.333 | 73.227 |
San Marino | 76.641 | 78.769 | 85.708 | 97.408 | 95.173 | 94.517 | 94.117 | 94.846 | 95.321 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 85.839 | 83.079 | 73.069 | 73.637 | 66.710 | 62.639 | 58.756 | 55.056 | 51.84 |
Saudi Arabia | 17.160 | 18.980 | 22.790 | 33.418 | 34.349 | 34.088 | 32.970 | 34.409 | 35.546 |
Senegal | 61.139 | 63.198 | 64.051 | 65.405 | 65.424 | 64.621 | 60.361 | 58.290 | 57.473 |
Serbia | 58.727 | 54.452 | 52.836 | 59.546 | 56.965 | 53.105 | 50.242 | 47.591 | 45.040 |
Seychelles | 62.275 | 57.682 | 55.260 | 88.562 | 84.984 | 80.337 | 73.030 | 67.290 | 61.361 |
Sierra Leone | 69.155 | 69.089 | 70.049 | 77.366 | 78.483 | 76.434 | 73.384 | 70.194 | 67.296 |
Singapore | 108.403 | 110.447 | 130.023 | 131.186 | 132.353 | 133.519 | 134.701 | 135.898 | 137.112 |
Slovakia | 51.312 | 49.463 | 48.000 | 61.792 | 60.625 | 58.989 | 56.923 | 55.623 | 55.178 |
Slovenia | 74.122 | 70.425 | 66.130 | 80.956 | 78.005 | 77.309 | 75.466 | 73.862 | 72.747 |
Solomon Islands | 8.386 | 8.199 | 8.913 | 15.346 | 18.785 | 21.375 | 23.753 | 25.738 | 27.830 |
South Africa | 53.022 | 56.710 | 62.151 | 78.821 | 82.758 | 85.679 | 87.275 | 86.921 | 85.174 |
South Korea | 40.050 | 40.022 | 41.924 | 48.410 | 52.241 | 55.801 | 59.254 | 62.268 | 64.960 |
South Sudan | 65.209 | 48.189 | 65.427 | 71.737 | 56.748 | 47.498 | 40.742 | 36.951 | 35.333 |
Spain | 98.556 | 97.601 | 95.466 | 123.038 | 121.310 | 120.375 | 119.308 | 118.120 | 118.813 |
Sri Lanka | 77.902 | 83.769 | 86.781 | 98.255 | 98.295 | 97.807 | 97.683 | 97.253 | 96.550 |
Sudan | 159.180 | 186.708 | 201.578 | 259.385 | 250.713 | 221.157 | 210.023 | 204.861 | 198.865 |
Suriname | 77.986 | 75.563 | 82.295 | 145.268 | 107.704 | 110.882 | 112.157 | 116.466 | 120.489 |
Sweden | 40.696 | 38.803 | 34.826 | 41.863 | 41.720 | 41.429 | 39.541 | 37.766 | 36.035 |
Switzerland | 42.703 | 40.956 | 42.138 | 48.749 | 48.476 | 47.945 | 47.333 | 46.242 | 45.279 |
Syria | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Taiwan | 34.514 | 33.978 | 32.769 | 35.602 | 35.611 | 34.569 | 32.967 | 31.189 | 29.330 |
Tajikistan | 50.293 | 47.819 | 43.087 | 47.768 | 48.860 | 48.454 | 48.344 | 48.242 | 47.963 |
Tanzania | 37.671 | 38.699 | 38.220 | 38.507 | 39.248 | 38.959 | 38.258 | 37.396 | 36.814 |
Thailand | 41.782 | 41.957 | 41.095 | 50.448 | 56.371 | 56.096 | 56.859 | 56.937 | 56.866 |
Togo | 75.952 | 76.152 | 70.854 | 73.458 | 71.108 | 68.887 | 65.571 | 62.229 | 59.212 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 42.502 | 42.164 | 45.116 | 57.460 | 64.286 | 67.575 | 71.231 | 75.164 | 78.925 |
Tunisia | 70.595 | 78.176 | 72.333 | 84.765 | 86.201 | 88.193 | 87.639 | 83.570 | 78.025 |
Turkey | 28.027 | 30.173 | 32.986 | 41.666 | 45.517 | 47.342 | 48.055 | 49.332 | 50.379 |
Turkmenistan | 30.592 | 31.366 | 32.783 | 30.911 | 26.681 | 25.857 | 29.794 | 32.362 | 33.322 |
Tuvalu | 34.564 | 25.258 | 19.524 | 16.002 | 7.902 | 4.553 | 3.878 | 3.477 | 3.111 |
Uganda | 33.800 | 35.122 | 38.229 | 46.048 | 50.933 | 54.865 | 57.314 | 57.785 | 55.372 |
Ukraine | 71.620 | 60.551 | 50.055 | 65.692 | 64.301 | 61.838 | 58.191 | 54.985 | 52.140 |
United Arab Emirates | 21.623 | 20.906 | 27.272 | 36.929 | 38.195 | 39.551 | 39.648 | 39.347 | 38.802 |
United Kingdom | 86.245 | 85.724 | 85.352 | 108.026 | 111.522 | 113.437 | 115.265 | 116.388 | 116.970 |
United States | 105.746 | 106.890 | 108.679 | 131.177 | 133.640 | 134.496 | 135.171 | 135.991 | 136.888 |
Uruguay | 60.986 | 63.401 | 65.911 | 69.496 | 69.025 | 69.185 | 69.441 | 69.841 | 69.531 |
Uzbekistan | 20.226 | 20.433 | 29.316 | 36.131 | 40.115 | 40.197 | 40.166 | 39.344 | 38.786 |
Vanuatu | 46.360 | 48.083 | 45.342 | 47.688 | 50.863 | 52.883 | 54.075 | 55.636 | 57.143 |
Venezuela | 26.004 | 180.789 | 232.786 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Vietnam | 46.309 | 43.580 | 43.365 | 46.623 | 47.104 | 47.179 | 46.907 | 46.381 | 45.644 |
Yemen | 77.426 | 74.544 | 76.527 | 81.651 | 79.330 | 78.375 | 71.932 | 65.499 | 60.356 |
Zambia | 65.523 | 77.243 | 91.898 | 119.974 | 119.567 | 116.462 | 112.258 | 107.743 | 102.683 |
Zimbabwe | 52.866 | 37.343 | 10.806 | 2.358 | 2.226 | 2.202 | 2.148 | 2.060 | 1.975 |
The economy of Grenada is largely tourism-based, small, and open economy. Over the past two decades, the main thrust of Grenada's economy has shifted from agriculture to services, with tourism serving as the leading foreign currency earning sector. The country's principal export crops are the spices nutmeg and mace. Other crops for export include cocoa, citrus fruits, bananas, cloves, and cinnamon. Manufacturing industries in Grenada operate mostly on a small scale, including production of beverages and other foodstuffs, textiles, and the assembly of electronic components for export.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability. Its stated mission is "working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world."
The economy of San Marino is a developed free-market economy focused on industries such as tourism, banking, and the manufacture of ceramics, clothing, fabrics, furniture, paints, spirits, tiles, and wine. Taken together, the manufacturing and financial sector make up more than half of the national GDP. The primary sector contribution to the GDP of the country is marginal, with the main agricultural products being wine and cheeses. In addition, San Marino sells collectible postage stamps to philatelists.
The economy of Guyana is one of the fastest growing in the world with a gross domestic product (GDP) growth of 19.9% in 2021. In 2023, Guyana had a per capita gross domestic product of Int$60,648 and an average GDP growth of 4.2% over the previous decade. Guyana's economy was transformed in 2015 with the discovery of an offshore oil field in the country’s waters about 190 km from Georgetown, making the first commercial-grade crude oil draw in December 2019, sending it abroad for refining.
A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria for evaluating the degree of economic development are the gross domestic product (GDP), gross national product (GNP), the per capita income, level of industrialization, amount of widespread infrastructure and general standard of living. Which criteria are to be used and which countries can be classified as being developed are subjects of debate. Different definitions of developed countries are provided by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank; moreover, HDI ranking is used to reflect the composite index of life expectancy, education, and income per capita. Another commonly used measure of a developed country is the threshold of GDP (PPP) per capita of at least US$22,000. In 2023, 40 countries fit all four criteria, while an additional 15 countries fit three out of four.
The euro area, commonly called the eurozone (EZ), is a currency union of 20 member states of the European Union (EU) that have adopted the euro (€) as their primary currency and sole legal tender, and have thus fully implemented EMU policies.
A country's gross external debt is the liabilities that are owed to nonresidents by residents. The debtors can be governments, corporations or citizens. External debt may be denominated in domestic or foreign currency. It includes amounts owed to private commercial banks, foreign governments, or international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank.
A country's gross government debt is the financial liabilities of the government sector. Changes in government debt over time reflect primarily borrowing due to past government deficits. A deficit occurs when a government's expenditures exceed revenues. Government debt may be owed to domestic residents, as well as to foreign residents. If owed to foreign residents, that quantity is included in the country's external debt.
Foreign exchange reserves are cash and other reserve assets such as gold and silver held by a central bank or other monetary authority that are primarily available to balance payments of the country, influence the foreign exchange rate of its currency, and to maintain confidence in financial markets. Reserves are held in one or more reserve currencies, nowadays mostly the United States dollar and to a lesser extent the euro.
Structural adjustment programs (SAPs) consist of loans provided by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) to countries that experience economic crises. Their stated purpose is to adjust the country's economic structure, improve international competitiveness, and restore its balance of payments.
The Latin American debt crisis was a financial crisis that originated in the early 1980s, often known as La Década Perdida, when Latin American countries reached a point where their foreign debt exceeded their earning power, and they could not repay it.
The net international investment position (NIIP) is the difference in the external financial assets and liabilities of a country. External debt of a country includes government debt and private debt. External assets publicly and privately held by a country's legal residents are also taken into account when calculating NIIP. Commodities and currencies tend to follow a cyclical pattern of significant valuation changes, which is also reflected in NIIP.
Global debt refers to the total amount of money owed by all sectors, including governments, businesses, and households worldwide.
Canadian public debt, or general government debt, is the liabilities of the government sector. Government gross debt consists of liabilities that are a financial claim that requires payment of interest and/or principal in future. They consist mainly of Treasury bonds, but also include public service employee pension liabilities. Changes in debt arise primarily from new borrowing, due to government expenditures exceeding revenues.
The external debt of India is the debt the country owes to foreign creditors. The debtors can be the Union government, state governments, corporations or citizens of India. The debt includes money owed to private commercial banks, foreign governments, or international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank.
The national debt of Pakistan, or simply Pakistani debt, is the total public debt, or unpaid borrowed funds carried by the Government of Pakistan, which includes measurement as the face value of the currently outstanding treasury bills (T-bills) that have been issued by the federal government.