Misakubo Dam

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Misakubo Dam
Misakubo Dam.jpg
Official name 水窪ダム
Location Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan
Coordinates 35°11′05″N137°55′54″E / 35.18472°N 137.93167°E / 35.18472; 137.93167 Coordinates: 35°11′05″N137°55′54″E / 35.18472°N 137.93167°E / 35.18472; 137.93167
Construction began 1967
Opening date 1969
Operator(s) Electric Power Development Company
Dam and spillways
Impounds Tonaka River
Height 105 meters
Length 258 meters
Reservoir
Creates Misabuko Reservoir
Total capacity 30,000,000 m³
Catchment area 172.8 km²
Surface area 84 hectares

The Misakubo Dam(塩郷ダム,Misakubo Damu) is a dam on the Tonaka River, a tributary stream of the Misakubo River, itself a tributary of the Ōi River, located in Tenyrū-ku Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture, on the island of Honshū, Japan.

Dam A barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface or underground streams

A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability. Hydropower is often used in conjunction with dams to generate electricity. A dam can also be used to collect water or for storage of water which can be evenly distributed between locations. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. The earliest known dam is the Jawa Dam in Jordan, dating to 3,000 BC.

Ōi River river in Japan

The Ōi River is a river in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.

Contents

History

The potential of the Ōi River valley for hydroelectric power development was realized by the Meiji government at the start of the 20th century. The Ōi River was characterized by a high volume of flow and a fast current. Its mountainous upper reaches and tributaries were areas of steep valleys and abundant rainfall, and were sparsely populated. From the 1930s through the 1960s, numerous concrete gravity dams had been constructed on the main flow of the Ōi River, and on its various tributary streams. The remote and steep-walled Misakubo valley was uninhabited, and was designated as the site for a new dam in the early 1960s.

Gravity dam

A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by primarily using the weight of the material alone to resist the horizontal pressure of water pushing against it. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable, independent of any other dam section.

Tributary stream or river that flows into a main stem river or lake

A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage basin of its surface water and groundwater, leading the water out into an ocean.

Construction

The Misakubo Dam was constructed to provide water for the 50,000 KW Misakubo Hydroelectric Plant. Construction work began in 1967 and was completed by 1969 by the Hazama Corporation at a cost of 11 billion yen. Unlike other dams on the Ōi River, the Misakubo is a rock-fill dam. Water from the dam is also diverted to the Sakuma Dam, where it provides increased flow to the hydroelectric power plant there. The Misakubo Reservoir created by the dam has been stocked with carp and Japanese smelt and is a popular fishing location due to its ease of access via Japan National Route 152.

Sakuma Dam dam

The Sakuma Dam is a dam on the Tenryū River, located on the border of Toyone, Kitashitara District, Aichi Prefecture on the island of Honshū, Japan. It is one of the tallest dams in Japan and supports a 350 MW hydroelectric power station. Nearby a frequency converter station is installed, allowing interchange of power between Japan's 50 Hz and 60 Hz AC networks.

Carp species of fish

Carp are various species of oily freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large group of fish native to Europe and Asia.

Smelt (fish) family of fishes

Smelts are a family of small fish, the Osmeridae, found in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans, as well as rivers, streams and lakes in Europe, North America and Northeast Asia. They are also known as freshwater smelts or typical smelts to distinguish them from the related Argentinidae, Bathylagidae, and Retropinnidae.

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References

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