Paul Brehm

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Paul Brehm is a researcher at the Vollum Institute at Oregon Health and Science University. It was during a seminar by Brehm that Martin Chalfie became inspired to work on Green fluorescent protein for which Chalfie shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008. [1]

The Vollum Institute is an independent research institute located in Marquam Hill Campus of the Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) in southwest Portland, Oregon, USA. The institute is closely affiliated with the School of Medicine and many other the universities nearby.

Martin Chalfie American scientist

Martin Lee Chalfie is an American scientist. He is University Professor at Columbia University. He shared the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Osamu Shimomura and Roger Y. Tsien "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP". He holds a Ph.D. in neurobiology from Harvard University.

Green fluorescent protein chemical substance

The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein composed of 238 amino acid residues that exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. Although many other marine organisms have similar green fluorescent proteins, GFP traditionally refers to the protein first isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. The GFP from A. victoria has a major excitation peak at a wavelength of 395 nm and a minor one at 475 nm. Its emission peak is at 509 nm, which is in the lower green portion of the visible spectrum. The fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of GFP is 0.79. The GFP from the sea pansy has a single major excitation peak at 498 nm. GFP makes for an excellent tool in many forms of biology due to its ability to form internal chromophore without requiring any accessory cofactors, gene products, or enzymes / substrates other than molecular oxygen.

Biography

He graduated in zoology from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and earned his Ph.D. UCLA focusing on marine biology and bioluminescence under James Morin. Postgraduate training with Roger Eckert at UCLA and Yoshi Kidokoro at the Salk Institute focused on calcium channels and synaptic transmission. The next 10 years were spent as an associate professor in physiology at Tufts Medical School and summers at the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole. In 1990 he moved to Stony Brook University where he served as professor of Neurobiology and Behavior before taking a position as Senior Scientist at the Vollum in 2007. [2]

University of Wisconsin–Madison Public university in Wisconsin, USA

The University of Wisconsin–Madison is a public research university in Madison, Wisconsin. Founded when Wisconsin achieved statehood in 1848, UW–Madison is the official state university of Wisconsin, and the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System. It was the first public university established in Wisconsin and remains the oldest and largest public university in the state. It became a land-grant institution in 1866. The 933-acre (378 ha) main campus, located on the shores of Lake Mendota, includes four National Historic Landmarks. The University also owns and operates a historic 1,200-acre (486 ha) arboretum established in 1932, located 4 miles (6.4 km) south of the main campus.

Marine biology The scientific study of organisms that live in the ocean

Marine biology is the scientific study of marine life, organisms in the sea. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy.

Bioluminescence The production of light by certain enzyme-catalyzed reactions in cells.

Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism. It is a form of chemiluminescence. Bioluminescence occurs widely in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria and terrestrial invertebrates such as fireflies. In some animals, the light is bacteriogenic, produced by symbiotic organisms such as Vibrio bacteria; in others, it is autogenic, produced by the animals themselves.

Notes and references

  1. ↑ Martin Chalfie's short talk: Developing GFP as a Biological Marker
  2. ↑ "Vollum Institute Faculty Information - Paul Brehm, Ph.D., Senior Scientist." ohsu.edu. Oregon Heath & Sciences University OHSU - Vollum Institute. Retrieved March 24, 2018.



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