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The politics of Nepal function within a framework of a republic with a multi-party system. Currently, the position of President of Nepal is occupied by Bidhya Devi Bhandari. The position of Prime Minister is held by Khadga Prasad Oli. Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and his cabinet, while legislative power is vested in the Parliament.
The Nepalese Civil War was a civil war in Nepal fought between the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN-M) and the government of Nepal from 1996 to 2006. The insurgency period is known as the Maovadi dwandakaal in Nepal. The rebellion was launched by the CPN-M on 13 February 1996 with the stated purpose of overthrowing the Nepalese monarchy and establishing a People's Republic. It ended with the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord on 21 November 2006. The conflict was characterized by summary executions, massacres, purges, kidnapping and other war crimes and crimes against humanity. The insurgency resulted in deaths of over 17,000 people including civilians, insurgents, army and police personnel, and internal displacement of hundreds of thousands of people. According to INSEC, 1,665 of the dead were women.
The Communist Party of Nepal was one of the two major communist parties in Nepal. The party was formed in January 1991 with the unification of the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist). It has led four governments: from 1994 to 1995 under Man Mohan Adhikari, from 2009 to 2011 under Madhav Kumar Nepal, in 2011 under Jhala Nath Khanal, and from 2015 to 2016 under KP Sharma Oli. The party was also a junior partner in five coalition governments: in 1997 under Lokendra Bahadur Chand, from 1998 to 1999 under Girija Prasad Koirala, from 2008 to 2009 under Pushpa Kamal Dahal, from 2011 to 2013 under Baburam Bhattarai, and from 2014 to 2015 under Sushil Koirala. It dissolved on 17 May 2018 to make way for the Nepal Communist Party in a merger with the Communist Party of Nepal.
Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist), was a minor communist party in Nepal. The party was as founded in 1981 by Krishna Das Shrestha. Initially it was known as the Nepal Marxist-Leninist Party. Shrestha had broken away from the Bagmati District Committee of the Communist Party of Nepal in 1969.
Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) was a Nepalese political party. It was formed on November 1, 1991 by a group of former leaders of the original Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) that had been expelled from the Communist Party of Nepal. Initially it was known as Communist Party of Nepal , but it took the name 'Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist)' after approximately one year of existence.
The Nepal Workers and Peasants Party (NWPP) or Nepal Majdoor Kisan Party is a political party in Nepal. The party was founded on 23 January 1975 by Narayan Man Bijukchhe. The party enjoys most of its support from Bhaktapur.
Communist Party of Nepal , was a communist party in Nepal. CPN(UC) was formed on 19–20 November 1990, through the merger of Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal), Communist Party of Nepal, Proletarian Workers Organisation and Communist Party of Nepal (Janamukhi). Soon thereafter a group led by Dr. Baburam Bhattarai and Shital Kumar, that had left Communist Party of Nepal (Masal) joined the party. Samyukta Janamorcha Nepal was set up as the open mass front of the party.
The Communist Party of Nepal was a communist party in Nepal 1974-1990. It was the major communist group in Nepal during the latter part of the 1970s, but gradually lost influence due to internal disputes. The party actively participated in the struggle for democracy in 1990, and its leader took part in writing the Nepalese Constitution. It later merged with other forces to form the Communist Party of Nepal, out of which the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) emerged.
Communist Party of Nepal (Masal), was a communist party in Nepal. CPN (Masal) was formed in 1983, following a split in the Communist Party of Nepal. The party was led by Mohan Bikram Singh.
Communist Party of Nepal (Soviet), was an underground political party in Nepal. It was founded 1978 by the All Nepal Communist Revolutionary Coordination Committee (Marxist-Leninist). The founding congress was held December 26, 1978-January 1, 1979. The first general secretary of CPN(ML) was C.P. Mainali.
Communist Party of Nepal (Burma), initially known simply as Communist Party of Nepal or Communist Party of Nepal , was a communist party in Nepal. The party emerged from a split in the original Communist Party of Nepal in 1962, representing the pro-Soviet sector of the party. Its main leader until 1983 was Keshar Jung Rayamajhi, who had been the general secretary of the original CPN.
Nepal Communist League was a communist organisation in Nepal. NCL was led by Shambhuram Shrestha. Shrestha, who had been a central secretariat member of the original Communist Party of Nepal, broke away from Man Mohan Adhikari's faction in the mid-1970s.
United National People's Movement was a coalition of Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal), Communist Party of Nepal (Masal), Nepal Marxist-Leninist Party, Proletarian Labour Organisation, Nepal Communist League and the Nand Kumar Prasai faction during the popular uprising of 1990. UNPM was created in opposition to the United Left Front, arguing that the ULF-Nepali Congress had sold out the protest movement in making compromises with the regime. UNPM called for a Constituent Assembly.
The General Federation of Nepalese Trade Unions (GEFONT) is a confederation of 20 national trade union federations. It is politically tied to the Communist Party of Nepal. GEFONT declares its goal to be "Socialism for the dignified working class and prosperous life".
Young Communist League, Nepal is the youth wing of Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN-Maoist). The president of YCL is Ganeshman Pun and the general secretary of YCL is Dilip Kumar Prajapati. The Young Communist League (YCL) was formed by the CPN–Maoist at some point during the ‘people’s war’ to support the revolution. Ganeshman Pun, chairman of the YCL, has stated that the League was reactivated in November 2006. According to him, the YCL "is a fusion of the Party’s military and political character, and it is composed of PLA members who have an interest in politics." As the party’s youth wing, its role is to "organise youth, be involved in events, conduct political awareness, and take part in development work as volunteers." Once the CPN-Maoist was proscribed, the YCL was also forced underground. After the April 2006 Jana Andolan and the subsequent over-ground role of the insurgents, the CPN-Maoist revived the YCL.
Rastriya Janamorcha is a communist political party in Nepal. It was originally founded in 1995 as the legal front of Communist Party of Nepal (Masal). It was refounded again in 2006 after breaking away from Janamorcha Nepal and has acted as the legal front for the Mohan Bikram Singh led Communist Party of Nepal (Masal).
The United People's Front of Nepal, was the front of the Communist Party of Nepal, or CPN(UC).
Sarbottam Dangol, politically known as 'Kailash' is a prominent Nepalese leader of Nepal Communist Party (NCP) and a former central committee member of Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre). He stood as a candidate for the mayor post of Kathmandu Metropolitan City in May 2017. He also stood for the election in 2008 Nepalese constituent Assembly from Kathmandu area no. 8.
Ranju Darshana is a youth activist and young politician of Nepal. Active in youth politics from 4 years Darshana became an iconic person after her candidacy for the Mayor of Kathmandu Metropolitan City in the Nepal Local Level Election 2017 . Darshana is in role of central committee member and media coordinator of Bibeksheel Nepali a newly established political party. She was elected as central member by first general convention of the party in late 2015.
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