Place Pinel

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Place Pinel
Public square
Former name(s) Place de la Barrière-d'Ivry (until 26 February 1967 (1967-02-26)), place des Deux-Moulins
P1150266 Paris XIII place Pinel rwk.jpg
Construction 11 June 1867 (1867-06-11)
Area 64.6 m (70.6 yd) diameter
Surface Granite paving
Location Quartier de la Salpêtrière
13th arrondissement
Address 7449 Paris, France
Paris department land cover location map.svg
Reddot.svg
Place Pinel
Location in Paris
Coordinates: 48°50′00″N2°21′42″E / 48.8333718°N 2.3615406°E / 48.8333718; 2.3615406 Coordinates: 48°50′00″N2°21′42″E / 48.8333718°N 2.3615406°E / 48.8333718; 2.3615406

The Place Pinel (English: Pinel Square) is a square and street in the 13th arrondissement of Paris.

13th arrondissement of Paris French municipal arrondissement in Île-de-France, France

The 13th arrondissement of Paris is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is referred to as treizième.

Contents

History

The square is named for the psychiatrist Philippe Pinel (1745  1826), "benefactor of strangers", because of its proximity to the Hôpital de la Salpêtrière where he worked. [1]

Philippe Pinel French psychiatrist

Philippe Pinel was a French physician who was instrumental in the development of a more humane psychological approach to the custody and care of psychiatric patients, referred to today as moral therapy. He also made notable contributions to the classification of mental disorders and has been described by some as "the father of modern psychiatry". An 1809 description of a case that Pinel recorded in the second edition of his textbook on insanity is regarded by some as the earliest evidence for the existence of the form of mental disorder later known as dementia praecox or schizophrenia, although Emil Kraepelin is generally accredited with its first conceptualisation.

In 2012, the square was completely redeveloped by the Direction de la Voirie et des Déplacements de la Mairie de Paris, the City of Paris transport section. At this time, the central circle was recovered in granite paving. Its design represents a pine cone, represented with logarithmic spirals based on Fibonacci numbers. These spirals emphasise the proportions of the square's rotunda.

Granite A common type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock with granular structure

Granite is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture. Granites can be predominantly white, pink, or gray in color, depending on their mineralogy. The word "granite" comes from the Latin granum, a grain, in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock. Strictly speaking, granite is an igneous rock with between 20% and 60% quartz by volume, and at least 35% of the total feldspar consisting of alkali feldspar, although commonly the term "granite" is used to refer to a wider range of coarse-grained igneous rocks containing quartz and feldspar.

Logarithm Inverse function of exponentiation that also maps products to sums

In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation (it is an example of a concave function). That means the logarithm of a given number x is the exponent to which another fixed number, the base b, must be raised, to produce that number x. In the simplest case, the logarithm counts repeated multiplication of the same factor; e.g., since 1000 = 10 × 10 × 10 = 103, the "logarithm to base 10" of 1000 is 3. The logarithm of x to baseb is denoted as logb (x) (or, without parentheses, as logbx, or even without explicit base as log x, when no confusion is possible). More generally, exponentiation allows any positive real number to be raised to any real power, always producing a positive result, so the logarithm for any two positive real numbers b and x where b is not equal to 1, is always a unique real number y. More explicitly, the defining relation between exponentiation and logarithm is:

Fibonacci number integer in the infinite Fibonacci sequence

In mathematics, the Fibonacci numbers, commonly denoted Fn form a sequence, called the Fibonacci sequence, such that each number is the sum of the two preceding ones, starting from 0 and 1. That is,

See also

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References

  1. Hillairet, Jaques. Dictionnaire historique des rues de Paris. Éditions de Minuit. p. 277.