The Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, often shortened to Triple Crown, is a series of horse races for Thoroughbreds, often restricted to three-year-olds. Winning all three of these Thoroughbred horse races is considered the greatest accomplishment in Thoroughbred racing. The term originated in mid-19th-century England and nations where Thoroughbred racing is popular each have their own Triple Crown series.
The International Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at York over a distance of 1 mile, 2 furlongs and 56 yards, and it is scheduled to take place each year in August.
The Fillies' Mile is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile, and it is scheduled to take place each year in October.
The Lonsdale Cup is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at York over a distance of 2 miles and 56 yards, and it is scheduled to take place each year in August.
The Breeders' Cup Mile is a 1-mile (1.6 km) Grade 1 Weight for Age stakes race for thoroughbred racehorses three years old and up, run on a grass course. It has been conducted annually as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships since the event's inception in 1984. All Breeders' Cups to date have been held in the United States except for the 1996 event in Canada.
The Breeders' Cup Turf is a Weight for Age Thoroughbred horse race on turf for three-year-olds and up. It is held annually at a different racetrack in the United States or Canada as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships. The race's current title sponsor is Longines.
The Baltimore Washington International Turf Cup is an American Grade III invitational horse race run over one mile. Inaugurated in 1952, it was raced at Laurel Park Racecourse on the turf in Laurel, Maryland, at a distance of 1+1⁄2 miles, and attracted top turf horses from North America and Europe.
The Hong Kong Cup is a Group 1 flat horse race in Hong Kong which is open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run over a distance of 2000 metres at Sha Tin, and it is scheduled to take place each year in mid December.
The Dubai Turf, known as Dubai Duty Free 1996 to 2014. is a Group 1 flat horse race in the United Arab Emirates for four-year-old and above thoroughbreds run over a distance of 1,800 metres on the turf at Meydan Racecourse in Dubai during the Dubai World Cup Night in March.
The Singapore Airlines International Cup was a Group 1 flat horse race in Singapore which is open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Kranji over a distance of 2,000 metres, and it is scheduled to take place each year in May. It has been discontinued to run from 2016 onwards.
The Singapore Turf Club was founded in 1988 as the Bukit Turf Club to manage horse racing for the Singapore Totaliser Board. It is the only horse-racing club in Singapore and is part of the Malayan Racing Association.
Ian Balding is a retired British horse trainer. He is the son of the polo player and racehorse trainer Gerald Matthews Balding and the younger brother of trainer Toby Balding. Ian Balding was born in the US, but his family returned to the UK in 1945. He was educated at Marlborough College and Millfield school in Somerset. He went up to Christ's College, Cambridge, in 1959 to read Rural Estate Management, where he played Rugby for the university team, gaining his Blue in 1961 at full back. He started training in 1964. Kingsclere became his home at the age of 26 and it is here that earned his reputation as an internationally respected trainer.
The Queen Elizabeth II Cup is an International Grade 1 flat horse race in Japan for three-year-old and above thoroughbred fillies and mares run over a distance of 2,200 metres on the turf at Kyoto Racecourse in November.
The Tokyo City Cup Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at the beginning of April at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. A Grade III event raced on dirt at a distance of 1+1⁄2 miles, it is open to horses aged four and older.
The Singapore Derby is a thoroughbred horse race held annually in mid July at the Singapore Turf Club. Contested on turf over a left-handed course, the domestic Group 1 race is run over a distance 1,800 metres and is open to four-year-old horses only.
The Kranji Mile is a thoroughbred horse race held annually in May at Singapore Turf Club. The race was first introduced in 2000. Contested on turf over a left-handed course, the domestic Group 1 race is run over a distance 1,600 metres and is open to horses age three and older. In 2018, it was revamped as an invitational race but since 2020, has been open to local runners only due to races being conducted behind closed doors.
The Singapore Gold Cup is a thoroughbred horse race held annually in November at Singapore Turf Club. Contested on turf over a left-handed course, the domestic Group 1 race is run over a distance of 2,000 metres and is open to local horses age three and older.
The KrisFlyer International Sprint is a former Thoroughbred horse race held at Kranji Racecourse in Singapore. Contested on turf over a left-handed course, the International Group 1 sprint race was run over a distance of 1200 meters and was open to horses aged three and older. It offered a purse of S$1,000,000. The race was discontinued in 2015.
The Japan Turf Cup Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run, held annually at Maryland's Laurel Park Racecourse. Open to horses age three and older, it is currently run on grass at a distance of one and one-half miles.
The Challenge Cup is a Grade 3 horse race for Thoroughbreds aged three and over, run in late November or early December over a distance of 2000 metres on turf at Hanshin Racecourse.
