Shuibuya Dam

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Shuibuya Dam
China edcp relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Location of Shuibuya Dam in China
Location Badong County
Coordinates 30°26′18″N110°20′16″E / 30.4384°N 110.3377°E / 30.4384; 110.3377 Coordinates: 30°26′18″N110°20′16″E / 30.4384°N 110.3377°E / 30.4384; 110.3377
Construction began 2002
Opening date 2008
Construction cost US$1.5 billion
Operator(s) Hubei Qingjiang Hydroelectric Development
Dam and spillways
Impounds Qingjiang River
Height 233 m (764 ft)
Length 660 m (2,170 ft)
Spillway capacity 16,300 m3/s (580,000 cu ft/s)
Reservoir
Creates Shuibuya Reservoir
Total capacity 4,580,000,000 m3 (3,710,000  acre⋅ft)
Catchment area 10,860 km2 (4,190 sq mi)
Power Station
Commission date 2007-2008
Type Conventional
Turbines 4 × 460 MW Francis-type
Installed capacity 1,840 MW
Annual generation 3,985 GWh

The Shuibuya Dam is a concrete-face rock-fill embankment dam on the Qingjiang River in Badong County, Enshi, Hubei Province, China. The purpose of the dam is mainly hydroelectricity but it also promotes flood control, navigation, tourism and fishery. At 233 m (764 ft) tall and containing 15,640,000 m3 (20,460,000 cu yd) of material, it is the tallest concrete face rock-fill dam in the world. [1]

Concrete Composite construction material

Concrete, usually Portland cement concrete, is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that hardens over time—most frequently a lime-based cement binder, such as Portland cement, but sometimes with other hydraulic cements, such as a calcium aluminate cement. It is distinguished from other, non-cementitious types of concrete all binding some form of aggregate together, including asphalt concrete with a bitumen binder, which is frequently used for road surfaces, and polymer concretes that use polymers as a binder.

Embankment dam large artificial dam

An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil, sand, clay, or rock. It has a semi-pervious waterproof natural covering for its surface and a dense, impervious core. This makes such a dam impervious to surface or seepage erosion. Such a dam is composed of fragmented independent material particles. The friction and interaction of particles binds the particles together into a stable mass rather than by the use of a cementing substance.

Badong County County in Hubei, Peoples Republic of China

Badong County is a county located in the extreme west of Hubei province, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Enshi Prefecture. The Yangtze River flows through the county and the county seat is located just east of the Wu Gorge in the Three Gorges region.

Contents

History

Construction on the Shuibuya Dam was authorized in January 2002 and began soon thereafter. By October 2002, the Qingjiang River had been diverted. On August 12, 2006, the dam reached its maximum height of 233 m (764 ft) and by July 2007, its first hydroelectricity generator was operational. In March 2008, the third generator was operational and the dam along with its power station were completed later in 2008. A total of 13,967 people were relocated during construction. [2]

Hydroelectricity electricity generated by hydropower

Hydroelectricity is electricity produced from hydropower. In 2015, hydropower generated 16.6% of the world's total electricity and 70% of all renewable electricity, and was expected to increase about 3.1% each year for the next 25 years.

Power station facility generating electric power

A power station, also referred to as a power plant or powerhouse and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. Most power stations contain one or more generators, a rotating machine that converts mechanical power into electrical power. The relative motion between a magnetic field and a conductor creates an electrical current. The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies widely. Most power stations in the world burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas to generate electricity. Others use nuclear power, but there is an increasing use of cleaner renewable sources such as solar, wind, wave and hydroelectric.

The dam was designed by CWRC and built by Hubei Qingjiang Shuibuya Project Construction Company in addition to the Gezhouba Group Company, Jiangnan Water Resource & Hydropower Engineering Co. and China Water Resource & Hydropower No. 14 Bureau. Construction was supervised by Huadong Hydropower Engineering Consultancy Co., Zhongnan Co. and China Water Resource & Hydropower Engineering Consultancy. [2]

Specifications

The Shuibuya Dam is a 233 m (764 ft) tall and 660 m (2,170 ft) long concrete-face rock-fill embankment dam on the Qingjiang River. The dam's maximum height above sea level is 409 m (1,342 ft). It is made of 15,640,000 m3 (20,460,000 cu yd) of material. The dam includes a bank-type spillway controlled by five 14 m × 21.8 m (46 ft × 72 ft) gates that can discharge 16,300 m3/s (580,000 cu ft/s). The dam's power station contains four 460 MW turbines units that are housed in an underground power plant. [2] [3]

Dam A barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface or underground streams

A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability. Hydropower is often used in conjunction with dams to generate electricity. A dam can also be used to collect water or for storage of water which can be evenly distributed between locations. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. The earliest known dam is the Jawa Dam in Jordan, dating to 3,000 BC.

Spillway structure for controlled release of flows from a dam or levee

A spillway is a structure used to provide the controlled release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area, typically the riverbed of the dammed river itself. In the United Kingdom, they may be known as overflow channels. Spillways ensure that the water does not overflow and damage or destroy the dam.

See also

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References

  1. "Shuibuya" (PDF). Chinese Committee on Large Dams. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2011. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
  2. 1 2 3 Main Characteristics of Shuibuya Project Archived 2011-09-05 at the Wayback Machine .
  3. No.3 Unit of Shuibuya HPP put into service 4 months ahead of schedule Archived 2012-03-03 at the Wayback Machine .