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西安建筑科技大学 | |
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| Type | Public university |
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| Established | 1895 |
| Undergraduates | 26,000 |
| Postgraduates | 3,600 |
| Location | , , China 34°14′25″N108°57′42″E / 34.2402°N 108.9617°E |
| Website | www |
The Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology is a provincial public university in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
In 1895, the Department of Civil Engineering of Beiyang University, [1] which was established in the 21st year of Qing Guangxu, the Department of Civil Engineering of Qingdao University of Technology, which was established in 1952 (its predecessor was the Department of Civil Engineering of Shandong University Hall, which was established in 1901), and the Department of Civil Engineering and the Department of Architectural Arts of Suzhou Industrial College, which was established in Jiangsu Province in 1911 (the first major of architecture in the history of China's specialist education), were merged to form Xi'an College of Architectural Engineering in the early days of the merger.
During the third national faculty reorganization in 1956, the Department of Civil Engineering and Department of Architecture of Northeastern University (the first undergraduate architecture department in the history of Chinese higher education), which was founded in 1923 and 1928, was merged with the Department of Civil Engineering of Northwest Polytechnic in 1938 (Northwest Polytechnic was formed by the merger of the engineering colleges of Beiyang University, Beiping University, Northeastern University and Jiaozuo Polytechnic, which were moved to Shaanxi at the beginning of the war), which was the first undergraduate architecture institution of higher learning in Northwest China. In 1959, the name was changed to Xi'an Metallurgical Institute. In 1963, the name was changed to Xi'an Institute of Metallurgy and Architecture. In November 1981, approved by the State Council, the university became one of the first units in China to award doctoral and master's degrees. On March 8, 1994, the name was changed for the third time to Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology with the approval of the Ministry of Education. In 1998, the university was transferred to the People's Government of Shaanxi Province for management.
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The 1952 reorganisation of Chinese higher education was a national policy under the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which came into power in 1949, to adopt Soviet-styled higher education, which focused more on engineering education and technical training, in mainland China and to remove American influences among Chinese scholars. While eliminating private education, especially missionary higher education, the policy led to the state control over the higher education sector and the loss of faculty governance tradition since the 1920s. This served the Communist agenda to break up the prestigious universities established under the Republic of China, to weaken the historical ties between the university and the faculty, and to establish the political and organisational authority of the new Communist government over the higher education system. The reorganisation involved most of the higher education institutions in mainland China and influenced the basic structure of Chinese higher education today.
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