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Tom Cheesman (born 1961 in Liverpool) is a Reader in German at Swansea University, literary critic and literary translator. [1] [2]
Cheesman is Principal Investigator on the collaborative, "Version Variation Visualisation" project. [3] which investigates digital humanities approaches to analysing re-translations. His Case Study on Translations of Shakespeare's Othello investigates by advanced technology, how and why different translations of the same original text often differ significantly from each other. At this, initial stage, the project will concentrate its investigations on works of William Shakespeare.
Cheesman grew up in Durham, temporarily lived in Germany and France and now lives in Swansea, Wales.
The doctor of philology has numerous contributions (books and articles in journals) published in particular in the field of intercultural literature and has also published books himself. He has published in German. [4]
Tom was the Principal Researcher on the Axial Writing Project (1998–2002), part of the ESRC Transnational Communities Research Programme, and co-established non-profit Hafan Books in 2003, to publish literary texts by refugees in Wales. Tom is currently (2014) the treasurer of Swansea Bay Asylum Seekers Support Group.
In 2013, Tom Cheesman, who is also a Wikipedia editor, started to crowd-source translations to top up his research into translations of Othello together with Dr Robert Laramee and Dr Jonathan Hope. Wikimedia UK's Water Cooler describes his www.delightedbeauty.org project as "a self-made Google site which displays around 180 versions, in over 30 languages, of one rhyming couplet from Shakespeare's Othello (1604)". Cheesman is quoted as saying, "This one couplet is a great challenge for translators, because of its ambiguity, its punning wordplay and its controversial implications regarding race, gender, and political power. Each version expresses a different interpretation, making a fascinating study in re-translation-mutation-adaptation ... or 'versioning'. There can be no 'straight translation' of Shakespeare's language. I do believe that a WikiProject could develop this site in magnificent, way!" [5]
On the VVV website the project team professionals, students and translators uploaded translations of the following two lines of verse:
Readers are asked to crowd source these two lines together with a literal translation into English. The project has 150 versions in 22 languages and ultimately hopes to gather more than 300 versions in over 100 languages, thus creating a global snapshot of when, where and how Othello recompiled.
Dylan Marlais Thomas was a Welsh poet and writer whose works include the poems "Do not go gentle into that good night" and "And death shall have no dominion", as well as the "play for voices" Under Milk Wood. He also wrote stories and radio broadcasts such as A Child's Christmas in Wales and Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog. He became widely popular in his lifetime; and remained so after his death at the age of 39 in New York City. By then, he had acquired a reputation, which he had encouraged, as a "roistering, drunken and doomed poet".
The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, usually shortened to Hamlet, is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play. Set in Denmark, the play depicts Prince Hamlet and his attempts to exact revenge against his uncle, Claudius, who has murdered Hamlet's father in order to seize his throne and marry Hamlet's mother. Hamlet is considered among the "most powerful and influential tragedies in the English language", with a story capable of "seemingly endless retelling and adaptation by others". It is widely considered one of the greatest plays of all time. Three different early versions of the play are extant: the First Quarto ; the Second Quarto ; and the First Folio. Each version includes lines and passages missing from the others.
King Arthur, according to legends, was a king of Britain. He is a folk hero and a central figure in the medieval literary tradition known as the Matter of Britain.
Othello is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare, around 1603. The story revolves around two characters, Othello and Iago.
William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet, and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His extant works, including collaborations, consist of some 39 plays, 154 sonnets, three long narrative poems, and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare remains arguably the most influential writer in the English language, and his works continue to be studied and reinterpreted.
Geoffrey of Monmouth was a Catholic cleric from Monmouth, Wales, and one of the major figures in the development of British historiography and the popularity of tales of King Arthur. He is best known for his chronicle The History of the Kings of Britain which was widely popular in its day, being translated into other languages from its original Latin. It was given historical credence well into the 16th century, but is now considered historically unreliable.
Raymond Henry Williams was a Welsh socialist writer, academic, novelist and critic influential within the New Left and in wider culture. His writings on politics, culture, the media and literature contributed to the Marxist critique of culture and the arts. Some 750,000 copies of his books were sold in UK editions alone, and there are many translations available. His work laid foundations for the field of cultural studies and cultural materialism.
Samuel Daniel (1562–1619) was an English poet, playwright and historian in the late-Elizabethan and early-Jacobean eras. He was an innovator in a wide range of literary genres. His best-known works are the sonnet cycle Delia, the epic poem The Civil Wars Between the Houses of Lancaster and York, the dialogue in verse Musophilus, and the essay on English poetry A Defence of Rhyme. He was considered one of the preeminent authors of his time and his works had a significant influence on contemporary writers, including William Shakespeare. Daniel's writings continued to influence authors for centuries after his death, especially the Romantic poets Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth. C. S. Lewis called Daniel "the most interesting man of letters" whom the sixteenth century produced in England.
A chapbook is a type of small printed booklet that was popular medium for street literature throughout early modern Europe. Chapbooks were usually produced cheaply, illustrated with crude woodcuts and printed on a single sheet folded into 8, 12, 16, or 24 pages, sometimes bound with a saddle stitch. Printers provided chapbooks on credit to chapmen, who sold them both from door to door and at markets and fairs, then paying for the stock they sold. The tradition of chapbooks emerged during the 16th century as printed books were becoming affordable, with the medium ultimately reaching its height of popularity during the 17th and 18th centuries. Different ephemera and popular or folk literature were published as chapbooks, such as almanacs, children's literature, folklore, ballads, nursery rhymes, pamphlets, poetry, and political and religious tracts. The term chapbook remains in use by publishers to refer to short, inexpensive booklets.
The history of Swansea covers a period of continuous occupation stretching back a thousand years, while there is archaeological evidence of prehistoric human occupation of the surrounding area for thousands of years before that.
The Klingon Hamlet, or The Tragedy of Khamlet, Son of the Emperor of Qo'noS, is a translation of William Shakespeare's Hamlet into Klingon, a constructed language first appearing in the science fiction franchise Star Trek.
John Davies, FLSW was a Welsh historian, and a television and radio broadcaster. He attended university at Cardiff and Cambridge and taught Welsh at Aberystwyth. He wrote a number of books on Welsh history, including A History of Wales.
William Shakespeare's style of writing was borrowed from the conventions of the day and adapted to his needs.
Mannikoth Ramunni Nair (1903–1943), better known by his pseudonym, Sanjayan, was a Malayalam writer, journalist and one of the pioneers of satirical writing in Malayalam literature. Along with E. V. Krishna Pillai, another of the notable Malayalam satirists, Sanjayan is known to have developed the genre of light essays in the language. Besides satires, he also wrote literary criticisms and translated Othello into Malayalam language.
Ernst Anselm Joachim Honigmann, FBA was a German-born British scholar of English Literature, Shakespeare scholar, and Fellow of the British Academy.
Mayadhar Mansingh was an Indian poet and writer who wrote in Odia. He received the Padma Shri, the fourth-highest civilian award in India, in 1967.
Scots-language literature is literature, including poetry, prose and drama, written in the Scots language in its many forms and derivatives. Middle Scots became the dominant language of Scotland in the late Middle Ages. The first surviving major text in Scots literature is John Barbour's Brus (1375). Some ballads may date back to the thirteenth century, but were not recorded until the eighteenth century. In the early fifteenth century Scots historical works included Andrew of Wyntoun's verse Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland and Blind Harry's The Wallace. Much Middle Scots literature was produced by makars, poets with links to the royal court, which included James I, who wrote the extended poem The Kingis Quair. Writers such as William Dunbar, Robert Henryson, Walter Kennedy and Gavin Douglas have been seen as creating a golden age in Scottish poetry. In the late fifteenth century, Scots prose also began to develop as a genre. The first complete surviving work is John Ireland's The Meroure of Wyssdome (1490). There were also prose translations of French books of chivalry that survive from the 1450s. The landmark work in the reign of James IV was Gavin Douglas's version of Virgil's Aeneid.
Rhys Trimble is a bilingual poet, teacher, visual poet, visual artist, musician and improvisational performance artist based in Wales. Trimble was born in Livingstone, Zambia in 1977, and was raised in Pontypool and latterly the head of the Neath Valley - Pontneddfechan. Trimble completed his first degree in biochemistry in the University of Sussex in 1999. Trimble is considered an important part of Welsh avant garde. He completed a BA in literature and creative writing from Bangor University in 2010, and published his first book of poetry, Keinc, the same year. |date= 14 July 2010 |quote=Rhys Trimble, 32, who lives in Bethesda, graduated with a BA in Literature and Creative Writing and has recently published his second novel Drone. Previous books include Keinc, Skine, The Red Book of Hergest Ward and kør (2023). He received a PhD from the University of Northumbria at Newcastle. His doctoral thesis was titled "Tywysogion". He has authored more than 15 books of poetry in Wales, England, India and the US since 2010, including Swansea Automatic, Anatomy Mnemonics for Caged Waves (US) and Hexerisk. He is the vocalist with the Punk/Improv/Noise group Lolfa Binc. Trimble has contributed works to public art in Denbigh, Conwy Valley and Blackpool, Trimble was Nominated for the TS Eliot prize 2016.
Illustrations of Northern Antiquities (1814), or to give its full title Illustrations of Northern Antiquities, from the Earlier Teutonic and Scandinavian Romances; Being an Abstract of the Book of Heroes, and Nibelungen Lay; with Translations of Metrical Tales, from the Old German, Danish, Swedish, and Icelandic Languages; with Notes and Dissertations, was a pioneering work of comparative literature which provided translations and abstracts of various works written in medieval Germany and Scandinavia. Its three authors were Henry Weber, who précised the Nibelungenlied and Heldenbuch; Robert Jamieson, who translated Danish and other ballads, stressing their close connection with Scottish ballads; and Walter Scott, who provided an abstract of Eyrbyggja saga. It significantly extended British readers' access to early Germanic literature.