Adom Getachew | |
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Academic background | |
Alma mater | University of Virginia, Yale University |
Academic work | |
Institutions | University of Chicago |
Main interests | history of political thought,theories of race and empire,and postcolonial political theory |
Website | https://political-science.uchicago.edu/directory/adom-getachew |
Adom Getachew is an Ethiopian-American political scientist. She is the Neubauer Family Assistant Professor of Political Science and the College at the University of Chicago. [1] She is the author of Worldmaking after Empire:The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
Adom was awarded a PhD in Political Science and African-American Studies from Yale University in 2015. [7] She was born in Ethiopia. She was raised in Ethiopia and Botswana until the age of 13,when her family moved to Arlington,Virginia,United States. [8] [9] [10]
Her first book,Worldmaking after Empire:The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination (2019),centers the work of African,African American,and Caribbean anticolonial nationalists and their efforts to challenge the global hierarchy. [11] Ultimately,she argues that legally decolonized countries face unequal legal,economic,and social integration in the international plane. [12] These stratified relationships continue to perpetrate imperial structures.
The right of a people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law,binding,as such,on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter's norms. It states that peoples,based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair equality of opportunity,have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no interference.
Eric Eustace Williams was a Trinidad and Tobago politician who is regarded by some as the "Father of the Nation",having led the then British Colony of Trinidad and Tobago to majority rule on 28 October 1956,to independence on 31 August 1962,and republic status on 1 August 1976,leading an unbroken string of general elections victories with his political party,the People's National Movement,until his death in 1981. He was the first Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago and also a noted Caribbean historian,especially for his book entitled Capitalism and Slavery.
Michael Norman Manley was a Jamaican politician who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Jamaica from 1972 to 1980 and from 1989 to 1992. Manley championed a democratic socialist program,and has been described as a populist. He remains one of Jamaica's most popular prime ministers.
The West Indies Federation,also known as the West Indies,the Federation of the West Indies or the West Indian Federation,was a short-lived political union that existed from 3 January 1958 to 31 May 1962. Various islands in the Caribbean that were part of the British Empire,including Trinidad and Tobago,Barbados,Jamaica,and those on the Leeward and Windward Islands,came together to form the Federation,with its capital in Port of Spain,Trinidad and Tobago. The expressed intention of the Federation was to create a political unit that would become independent from Britain as a single state —possibly similar to Canada,the Federation of Australia,or the Central African Federation. Before that could happen,the Federation collapsed due to internal political conflicts over how it would be governed or function viably. The formation of a West Indian Federation was encouraged by the United Kingdom,but also requested by West Indian nationalists.
Garveyism is an aspect of black nationalism that refers to the economic,racial and political policies of UNIA-ACL founder Marcus Garvey. The ideology of Garveyism centers on the unification and empowerment of African-descended men,women and children under the banner of their collective African descent,and the repatriation of the descendants of enslaved Africans and profits to the African continent.
Decolonization or decolonisation is the undoing of colonialism,the latter being the process whereby imperial nations establish and dominate foreign territories,often overseas. The meanings and applications of the term are disputed. Some scholars of decolonization focus especially on independence movements in the colonies and the collapse of global colonial empires. Other scholars extend the meaning to include economic,cultural and psychological aspects of the colonial experience.
The Tigray People's Liberation Front,also called the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front, is a leftist ethnic nationalist paramilitary group,and the former ruling party of Ethiopia. It was classified as a terrorist organization by the Ethiopian government from May 2021 until its removal from the list in March 2023. In older texts and Amharic publications,it is known as Woyane or Wayane.
The New International Economic Order (NIEO) is a set of proposals advocated by developing countries to end economic colonialism and dependency through a new interdependent economy. The main NIEO document recognized that the current international economic order "was established at a time when most of the developing countries did not even exist as independent states and which perpetuates inequality." In the spirit of "trade not aid," the NIEO called for changes in trade,industrialization,agricultural production,finance,and transfer of technology. The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Declaration for the Establishment of a New International Economic Order and its accompanying program of action on 1 May 1974.
The Union of African States,sometimes called the Ghana–Guinea–Mali Union,was a short-lived and loose regional organization formed in 1958 linking the West African nations of Ghana and Guinea as the Union of Independent African States. Mali joined in 1961. It disbanded in 1963.
Wilsonianism,or Wilsonian idealism,is a certain type of foreign policy advice. The term comes from the ideas and proposals of President Woodrow Wilson. He issued his famous Fourteen Points in January 1918 as a basis for ending World War I and promoting world peace. He was a leading advocate of the League of Nations to enable the international community to avoid wars and end hostile aggression. Wilsonianism is a form of liberal internationalism.
The Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples,also known as the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1514,was a resolution of the United Nations General Assembly during its fifteenth session,that affirmed independence for countries and peoples under colonial rule.
The ASA Best Book Prize,formerly known as the Herskovits Prize,is an annual prize given by the African Studies Association to the best scholarly work on Africa published in English in the previous year and distributed in the United States. The prize was named after Melville Herskovits,one of the founders of the ASA. The title of the prize was changed in 2019 in response to efforts to decolonize African studies.
The Homeless Workers Movement is a social movement in Brazil. It originated from the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra. Although the MTST can trace its first urban activism efforts to the occupation of Campinas in São Paulo during the 1997 National People's March,this intervention was organized within the Landless Rural Worker's Rural Movement (MST) structure. The first proper occupation as a new sociopolitical actor,distinct from the MST,took place in Guarulhos in 2002. It was named after Anita Garibaldi,considered to be a radical social reformer during her lifetime.
Sir Kenneth Clinton Wheare,CMG was an Australian academic,who spent most of his career at Oxford University in England. He was an expert on the constitutions of the British Commonwealth. He advised constitutional assemblies in former British colonies.
The Oromo conflict is a protracted conflict between the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) and the Ethiopian government. The Oromo Liberation Front formed to fight the Ethiopian Empire to liberate the Oromo people and establish an independent state of Oromia. The conflict began in 1973,when Oromo nationalists established the OLF and its armed wing,the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA). These groups formed in response to prejudice against the Oromo people during the Haile Selassie and Derg era,when their language was banned from public administration,courts,church and schools,and the stereotype of Oromo people as a hindrance to expanding Ethiopian national identity.
Faramerz Noshir Dabhoiwala is a historian and senior research scholar at Princeton University where he teaches and writes about the social history,cultural history,and intellectual history of the English-speaking world,from the Middle Ages to the present day.
Decolonization in Latino culture refers to contemporary treatment of and work with past colonialist and imperialist influences on Latin American society in the US.
Getachew Reda Kahsay is the Chief Administrator of the Interim Regional Administration of Tigray since the Office of the Prime Minister of Ethiopia announced his appointment on 23 March 2023. Before assuming power as chief administrator,he was a longtime advisor to the former president of the Tigray Region,Debretsion Gebremichael.
Hendrik Spruyt is a Dutch political scientist. He is the Norman Dwight Harris Professor of International Relations at Northwestern University. He is known for his research on state formation and sovereignty. Spruyt has advanced arguments for the emergence of the modern state that emphasize institutionalist aspects.
The 1995 Ethiopian Federal Constitution formalizes an ethnic federalism law aimed at undermining long-standing ethnic imperial rule,reducing ethnic tensions,promoting regional autonomy,and upholding unqualified rights to self-determination and secession in a state with more than 80 different ethnic groups. But the constitution is divisive,both among Ethiopian nationalists who believe it undermines centralized authority and fuels interethnic conflict,and among ethnic federalists who fear that the development of its vague components could lead to authoritarian centralization or even the maintenance of minority ethnic hegemony. Parliamentary elections since 1995 have taken place every five years since enactment. All but one of these have resulted in government by members of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) political coalition,under three prime ministers. The EPRDF was under the effective control of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF),which represents a small ethnic minority. In 2019 the EPRDF,under Abiy,was dissolved and he inaugurated the pan-ethnic Prosperity Party which won the 2021 Ethiopian Election,returning him as prime minister. But both political entities were different kinds of responses to the ongoing tension between constitutional ethnic federalism and the Ethiopian state's authority. Over the same period,and all administrations,a range of major conflicts with ethnic roots have occurred or continued,and the press and availability of information have been controlled. There has also been dramatic economic growth and liberalization,which has itself been attributed to,and used to justify,authoritarian state policy.