Civil defense or civil protection is an effort to protect the citizens of a state from human-made and natural disasters. It uses the principles of emergency operations:prevention,mitigation,preparation,response,or emergency evacuation and recovery. Programs of this sort were initially discussed at least as early as the 1920s and were implemented in some countries during the 1930s as the threat of war and aerial bombardment grew. Civil-defense structures became widespread after authorities recognised the threats posed by nuclear weapons.
Interpreting is a translational activity in which one produces a first and final target-language output on the basis of a one-time exposure to an expression in a source language.
The Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations,formerly known as the European Community Humanitarian Aid Office,is the European Commission's department for overseas humanitarian aid and for civil protection. It aims to save and preserve life,prevent and alleviate human suffering and safeguard the integrity and dignity of populations affected by natural disasters and man-made crises. Since September 2019,Janez Lenarčičis serving as Commissioner for Crisis Management in the Von der Leyen Commission,and since 1 March 2023,Maciej Popowski leads the organisation as the Director-General.
The Secretariat of the European Parliament is the administrative body of the European Parliament headed by a Secretary-General. It is based in the Kirchberg district of Luxembourg City and around the Brussels-Luxembourg Station in Brussels and employs around 4,000 officials.
Directorate-General for Environment is a Directorate-General of the European Commission,responsible for the Environmental policy of the European Union. In 2010 "relevant [climate change] activities in DG Environment" were moved to the new DG Climate Action. At the same time the DG Energy (ENER) was also established. The 2022 commissioner was Virginijus Sinkevičius.
The Directorate-General for International Partnerships is the European Commission department responsible for international development policy. It operates under the authority of the European Commissioner for International Partnerships,Jutta Urpilainen.
The Directorate-General for Interpretation is a Directorate-General of the European Commission. It is the European Commission's interpreting service and conference organiser and provides interpreters for around 11,000 meetings every year,thus being the largest interpreting service in the world.
The European Commissioner for Crisis Management is a member of the European Commission. The portfolio was previously titled Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection. The post is currently held by Janez Lenarčič.
The European External Action Service (EEAS) is the diplomatic service and combined foreign and defence ministry of the European Union (EU). The EEAS is led by the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR/VP),who is also President of the Foreign Affairs Council and vice-president of the European Commission,and carries out the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP),including the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP).
Kristalina Ivanova Georgieva-Kinova is a Bulgarian economist serving as the 12th managing director of the International Monetary Fund since 2019. She was the Chief Executive of the World Bank Group from 2017 to 2019 and served as Acting President of the World Bank Group from 1 February to 8 April 2019 following the resignation of Jim Yong Kim. She previously served as Vice-President of the European Commission under Jean-Claude Juncker from 2014 to 2016.
Mission East is a Danish relief and development NGO that aims to help vulnerable people in Eastern Europe,the Middle East and Asia and support local communities' capacity to organize and help themselves through activities ranging from emergency relief during disasters to long-term development aid. Many of the countries where Mission East has programmes are considered ‘fragile’contexts,where Mission East works in the humanitarian-development nexus. The organization also focuses on the strengthening of rights for marginalized groups,including women and people with disabilities,and their inclusion in society. Mission East implements projects both directly and together with local and international partners to strengthen the relevance,impact and sustainability of the programs. Mission East has offices in Afghanistan,Armenia,Iraq,Lebanon,Myanmar,Nepal,North Korea,Syria and Tajikistan.
European Union–Pakistan relations are the international relations between the common foreign policy and trade relations of the European Union and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
The Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs is a Directorate-General of the European Commission. The role of the body is to ensure the EU's security,to build a common EU migration and asylum policy,and to promote dialogue and cooperation with non-EU countries. Thereby,it contributes to the area of freedom,security and justice (AFSJ).
The Juncker Commission was the European Commission in office from 1 November 2014 to 30 November 2019. Its president was Jean-Claude Juncker,who presided over 27 other commissioners. In July 2014,Juncker was officially elected to succeed JoséManuel Barroso,who completed his second five-year term in that year.
This article outlines the defence forces of the European Union (EU),which implement the EU's Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) in CSDP missions. There are two categories of EU multinational forces:ones that have been established intergovernmentally and made available to the CSDP through article 42.3 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU),such as the Eurocorps;and the EU Battlegroups,established at the EU level.
Androulla Kaminara is a former European civil servant who from September 2019 to May 2022 served as the Ambassador and Head of Delegation of the European Union to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. As such,she was the first female ambassador of the European Union to Pakistan. Before her appointment to the European External Action Service,she joined the European Commission in 1991,where she has served in various Directorates General,including those dealing with technology,communications,development cooperation,international relations,and humanitarian aid.
In the realm of humanitarian aid,Cash and Voucher Assistance (CVA) is recognized as an umbrella term for two of the common modalities of assistance for delivering swift and flexible humanitarian aid support to populations affected by various crises,the third being in-kind assistance.
Maciej Popowski is a Polish diplomat and official,and Director-General of the Directorate-General for European Civil Protection &Humanitarian Aid Operations.
The CALP Network is an organisation originating in 2005 and officially launched in 2009 as The Cash Learning Partnership,with the objectives of increasing the scale and quality of Cash and Voucher Assistance (CVA) employed by humanitarian agencies around the world to deliver aid. CVA encompasses aid delivered as cash,or vouchers exchangeable for goods and services,directly to recipients,and represents an increasingly significant aid modality amounting to 21% of total international humanitarian assistance expenditure in 2022. CALP works to build CVA capacity within aid organisations,especially by providing training and e-learning;coordinates the use of CVA by agencies;compiles and shares knowledge and research;and contributes to the development of policy environments encompassing CVA.
