The politics of the Republic of Peru takes place in a framework of a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic,whereby the President of Peru is both head of state and head of government,and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the President and the Government. Legislative power is vested in both the Government and the Congress. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Peru a "hybrid regime" in 2022. Traditionally weak political parties saw their support collapse further in Peru since 2000,paving the way for the rise of personalist leaderships. The political parties in the congress of Peru are,according to political scientist Lucía Dammert,"agglomerations of individual and group interests more than solid and representative parties".
Alberto Kenya Fujimori Inomoto is a Peruvian former politician,professor and engineer who was President of Peru from 28 July 1990 until 22 November 2000,though de facto leadership was reportedly held by head of the National Intelligence Service,Vladimiro Montesinos. Frequently described as a dictator,he remains a controversial figure in Peruvian politics. He is currently in prison,serving a 25-year sentence for human rights abuses during his presidency.
Luis Juan Alva Castro is a Peruvian economist and politician. In his political career,he achieved the government positions of Second Vice President of Peru,Prime Minister of Peru,President of the Congress and among other portfolios during both administrations of President Alan García.
The president of Peru,officially called the President of the Republic of Peru,is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is the head of the executive branch and is the Supreme Head of the Armed Forces and National Police of Peru. The office of president corresponds to the highest magistracy in the country,making the president the highest-ranking public official in Peru.
Carlos Ernesto Fernando Ferrero Costa is a Peruvian politician who served as congressman as a member of PerúPosible representing Lima from 1995 until 2006 and also served as the President of the Congress from late-2000 until 2003. He was the Prime Minister of Peru from December 2003 until his resignation August 2005. He belongs to the PerúPosible party. Before he became a member of the PerúPosible party,he was part of the Fujimorist Cambio 90 of Alberto Fujimori.
Valentín Toribio Demetrio Agustin Paniagua Corazao was a Peruvian lawyer and politician who briefly served as President of Peru from 2000 to 2001. Elected President of Congress on 16 November 2000,he ascended to the presidency as incumbent Alberto Fujimori and both his Vice Presidents resigned by 22 November 2000.
The Centre Front,was a Peruvian political coalition formed by the parties Acción Popular (AP),Somos Perú(PDSP) and Coordinadora Nacional de Independientes (CNI) for the 2006 national election. Its leader and presidential candidate was the late Peruvian former president Valentín Paniagua Corazao but following his sudden death on October 16,2006 the coalition was headed by President of the Acción Popular party,Víctor Andrés García Belaúnde. The alliance was unsuccessful in the presidential race,placing 5th. At the legislative elections held on 9 April 2006,the party won 7.1% of the popular vote and only 5 out of 120 seats in the Congress of the Republic.
Javier Maximiliano Alfredo Hipólito Valle Riestra González Olaechea or simply known as Javier Valle Riestra,is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. Known member of the Peruvian Aprista Party,has held several public offices,among them the most controversial being is the President of the Council of Ministers during the presidency of Alberto Fujimori in 1998. This premiership is known for being the only one led by a politician from the opposition in Peruvian history during the Fujimori regime to date.
Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori was arrested,tried,and convicted for a number of crimes related to corruption and human rights abuses that occurred during his government. Fujimori was president from 1990 to 2000. His presidency ended when he fled the country in the midst of a scandal involving corruption and human rights violations.
Diego García-Sayán Larrabure is a Peruvian lawyer and former Foreign Affairs Minister of Perú. He sat as judge of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights,and was president of the Court between 2010 and 2012. He is the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers.
Henry Gustavo Pease García,known as Henry Pease,was a Peruvian politician and a former Congressman. He ran for President under the United Left in the 1990 general elections but placed fourth with 8.2% of the popular vote and failed to qualify for the run-off.
Yehude Simon Munaro is a Peruvian politician,who served as Governor of the Lambayeque Region between 2003 and 2008,Prime Minister between 2008 and 2009 and as a Congressman from Lambayeque between 2011 and 2016,elected under the Alliance for the Great Change. He ran for the presidency in 2016,then shortly announced his withdrawal.
The Peruvian Constitutional Court or Constitutional Tribunal is an independent constitutional agency of Peru that was established in the 1993 Constitution of Peru that was created during the government of Alberto Fujimori. The court's members are nominated by the Congress of Peru;these nominations sometimes lack transparency and are based on political favors that nominees can provide to legislators. Since May 2022,the Constitutional Court has been used to provide institutional strength to Fujimorists in Congress,according to IDL-Reporteros.
The second presidency of Alan García (2006–2011) began with the successful economic growth of the country recovering from the crisis of the first presidency of Alan García in the 1980s. Presidents Alberto Fujimori (1990–2000) and Alejandro Toledo (2001–2006) began with new neoliberal economic policies after García's crisis.
Pedro Álvaro Cateriano Bellido is a peruvian lawyer and politician who served as Prime Minister of Peru from July to August 2020,under Martín Vizcarra's administration. He previously served as Ollanta Humala's minister of defense from July 2012 to April 2015,and prime minister from April 2015 to July 2016.
Luis María Santiago Eduardo Solari de la Fuente is a Peruvian politician of Italian descent and a founding member of Possible Peru. He has served as Health Minister and studied internal medicine at the National University of San Marcos. He gained notice in his work for Catholic Church in Peru and received the title commander from the Holy See in 1997. He also belongs to Sodalicio de Vida Cristiana. This relates to his time as Health Minister in that he opposed abortion and introduced a Day of the Unborn. He is also a former Prime Minister of Peru. He would later switch to the National Solidarity Party.
Peruvians for Change was a centre-right party in Peru.
On 24 December 2017,the President of Peru,Pedro Pablo Kuczynski,pardoned jailed ex-president Alberto Fujimori. Because the pardon was granted on Christmas Eve,it became known as the "indulto de Navidad".
Carlos Boloña Behr was a Peruvian economist and politician. He served as the Minister of Economy and Finance from 1991 to 1993,and again from July to November 2000 under the administration of President Alberto Fujimori.
Since 2016,Peru has been plagued with political instability and a growing crisis,initially between the President,Pedro Pablo Kuczynski and Congress,led de facto by Keiko Fujimori. The crisis emerged in late 2016 and early 2017 as the polarization of Peruvian politics increased,as well as a growing schism between the executive and legislative branches of government. Fujimori and her Fujimorist supporters would use their control of Congress to obstruct the executive branch of successive governments,resulting with a period of political instability in Peru.
Peruvian 