Grenadier Guards

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Grenadier Guards
Grenadier Guards badge.jpg
Regimental badge of the Grenadier Guards [Note 1]
Active1656–present
CountryFlag of England.svg  England
(1660–1707)
Union flag 1606 (Kings Colors).svg  Great Britain
(1707–1800)
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
(1801–present)
Branch Flag of the British Army.svg British Army
Type Infantry
Role1st Battalion – Light Infantry/Public Duties
Nijmegen Company – Public Duties
SizeOne battalion – 558 personnel [1]
One independent company
One reserve company
Part of Guards and Parachute Division
Garrison/HQRHQ – London
1st Battalion – Aldershot
Nijmegen Company – London
Ypres Company – Kingston upon Thames
Motto(s) French: Honi soit qui mal y pense
"Shamed be whoever thinks ill of it."
MarchQuick: "The British Grenadiers"
Slow: "Scipio"
Engagements Oudenarde
Waterloo
Alma
Inkerman
Sevastopol
Omdurman
Ypres
Battle of the Bulge
Cyprus Emergency
Commanders
Colonel-in-Chief The King
Colonel of the Regiment The Queen
Insignia
Tactical recognition flash GuardsTRF.svg
PlumeWhite
Left side of bearskin cap
Collar badge Grenade
Shoulder badge Royal Cypher
AbbreviationGREN GDS

The Grenadier Guards (GREN GDS) is the most senior infantry regiment of the British Army, being at the top of the Infantry Order of Precedence. It can trace its lineage back to 1656 when Lord Wentworth's Regiment was raised in Bruges to protect the exiled Charles II. [2] In 1665, this regiment was combined with John Russell's Regiment of Guards to form the current regiment, known as the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards. Since then, the regiment has filled both a ceremonial and protective role as well as an operational one. In 1900, the regiment provided a cadre of personnel to form the Irish Guards; while later, in 1915 it also provided the basis of the Welsh Guards upon their formation.

Contents

The regiment's early history saw it take part in numerous conflicts including the War of the Spanish Succession, the War of the Austrian Succession, the Seven Years' War, and the Napoleonic Wars; at the end of this period the regiment was granted the "Grenadier" designation by a Royal Proclamation. During the Victorian era, the regiment took part in the Crimean War, the Anglo-Egyptian War, the Mahdist War, and the Second Boer War.

During the First World War, the Grenadier Guards was expanded from three battalions to five, of which four served on the Western Front, while later during the Second World War, six battalions were raised, and several were converted to an armoured role as part of the Guards Armoured Division. These units fought in France, North-West Europe, North Africa and Italy.

After the Second World War the regiment was reduced first to three battalions, then to two, and finally to one battalion in the mid-1990s. Major deployments during this time have included operations in Palestine, Malaya, Cyprus, Northern Ireland, the Gulf War, Afghanistan and Iraq.

History

Cap badge of the regiment Grenadier-Guards-Cap-Badge.jpg
Cap badge of the regiment

The Grenadier Guards trace their lineage back to 1656, [4] when Lord Wentworth's Regiment was raised from gentlemen of the Honourable Artillery Company by the then heir to the throne, Prince Charles (later King Charles II), in Bruges, in the Spanish Netherlands (present-day Belgium), where it formed a part of the exiled King's bodyguard. [5] A few years later, a similar regiment known as John Russell's Regiment of Guards was formed. [6] In 1665, these two regiments were combined to form the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards, consisting of 24 companies of men. [6] Throughout the 18th century, the regiment took part in a number of campaigns including the War of Spanish Succession, the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War. [7] At the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the regiment gained the name "Grenadier" in July 1815 following a Royal Proclamation. [8]

During the Victorian era, the regiment took part in the Crimean War, participating in the fighting at the Alma river, Inkerman, and Sevastopol. [9] For their involvement in the Crimean War, four members of the 3rd Battalion received the Victoria Cross. [10] Later the regiment fought at Battle of Tel el-Kebir during the Anglo-Egyptian War in 1882, and then the Mahdist War in Sudan, both during the 1885 Suakin Expedition and in 1898, at the Battle of Omdurman. [10] During the Second Boer War, the 2nd and 3rd Battalions were deployed to South Africa, where they took part in a number of battles including the Battle of Modder River and the Battle of Belmont, as well as a number of smaller actions. [11] In 1900, seventy-five men from the regiment were used to raise a fourth Guards regiment, known as the Irish Guards in honour of the role that Irish regiments had played in the fighting in South Africa. [12]

First World War

Attack on Moyenneville. Men of the Grenadier Guards consolidating the former German second line. Near Courcelles, France, 21 August 1918. The Hundred Days Offensive, August-november 1918 Q6984.jpg
Attack on Moyenneville. Men of the Grenadier Guards consolidating the former German second line. Near Courcelles, France, 21 August 1918.

At the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, the regiment consisted of three battalions [13] and the regiment's commanding officer was Colonel Henry Streatfeild. [14] With the commencement of hostilities, the regiment raised a service battalion, the 4th Battalion, and a reserve battalion, known as the 5th (Reserve) Battalion, which was used to carry out ceremonial duties in London and Windsor during the war. [13] The 2nd Battalion of the regiment was sent to France in August, [15] and the 1st Battalion followed to Belgium in October. They took part in the early stages of the fighting during the period known as "Race to the Sea", during which time they were involved significantly at the First Battle of Ypres. [16] In February 1915, a fifth Guards regiment was raised, known as the Welsh Guards. [12] In recognition of the significant contribution Welshmen had made to the Grenadier Guards, the regiment transferred five officers and 634 other ranks to the newly formed unit. [17] A short time later, permission was received for the formation of the Guards Division, the brainchild of Lord Kitchener, and on 18 August 1915, the division came into existence, consisting of three brigades, each with four battalions. [12] [18] Following this the four service battalions of the regiment fought in a number of significant battles including Loos, the Somme, Cambrai, Arras and the Hindenburg Line. [19] Seven members of the regiment received the Victoria Cross during the war. [11]

Following the Armistice with Germany in November 1918, the regiment returned to just three battalions, which were used in a variety of roles, serving at home in the United Kingdom, as well as in France, Turkey and Egypt. [20]

Second World War

During the Second World War, the regiment was expanded to six service battalions, with the re-raising of the 4th Battalion, and the establishment of the 5th and 6th Battalions. [21] The Grenadier Guards' first involvement in the war came in the early stages of the fighting when all three regular battalions were sent to France in late 1939 as part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). [22] The 1st and 2nd Battalions were serving in the 7th Guards Brigade, which also included the 1st Battalion, Coldstream Guards, and were part of the 3rd Infantry Division, led by Major General Bernard Montgomery. The 3rd Battalion was in the 1st Guards Brigade attached to the 1st Infantry Division, commanded by Major General Harold Alexander. [23] As the BEF was pushed back by the German blitzkrieg during the battles of France and Dunkirk, these battalions played a considerable role in maintaining the British Army's reputation during the withdrawal phase of the campaign before being themselves evacuated from Dunkirk. [22] After this, they returned to the United Kingdom, where they undertook defensive duties in anticipation of a possible German invasion. Between October 1940 and October 1941, the regiment raised the 4th, 5th, and 6th Battalions. [24] Later, in the summer of 1941, there was a need to increase the number of armoured and motorised units in the British Army and as a result many infantry battalions were converted into armoured regiments; the 2nd and 4th Battalions were re-equipped with tanks, while the 1st Battalion was motorised. [25] The 1st and 2nd (Armoured) Battalions were part of the 5th Guards Armoured Brigade, attached to the Guards Armoured Division, [26] and the 4th Battalion was part of the 6th Guards Tank Brigade Group. They subsequently served in the North West Europe Campaign of 1944–45, taking part in several actions, including the Battle for Caen, particularly in Operation Goodwood, as well as Operation Market Garden, the Battle of the Bulge and Operation Veritable. [27]

Universal Carriers of the 1st Battalion, Grenadier Guards cross 'Euston Bridge' as they deploy for Operation 'Goodwood', 18 July 1944. The British Army in the Normandy Campaign 1944 B7526.jpg
Universal Carriers of the 1st Battalion, Grenadier Guards cross 'Euston Bridge' as they deploy for Operation 'Goodwood', 18 July 1944.

The 3rd, 5th and 6th Battalions served in the North African Campaign and in the final stages of the Tunisia Campaign, under command of the British First Army, where they fought significant battles in the Medjez-el-Bab and along the Mareth Line. The battalions took part in the Italian Campaign at Salerno, Monte Camino, Anzio, Monte Cassino, and along the Gothic Line. [22] [28] The 3rd Battalion, still with the 1st Guards Brigade, was attached to the 78th Battleaxe Infantry Division for two months in Tunisia until it was exchanged for the 38th (Irish) Brigade and became part of the 6th Armoured Division, where it would remain for the rest of the war. [29] The 5th Battalion was part of 24th Guards Brigade and served with the 1st Division during the Battle of Anzio. After suffering devastating casualties, the brigade was relieved in March 1944 . [30] The 6th Battalion served with the 22nd Guards Brigade, later redesignated 201st Guards Motor Brigade, until late 1944 when the battalion was disbanded due to an acute shortage of Guards replacements. [31] During the course of the conflict, two men of the regiment were awarded the Victoria Cross. They were Lance Corporal Harry Nicholls of the 3rd Battalion, during the Battle of Dunkirk, and Major William Sidney of the 5th Battalion during the Battle of Anzio in March 1944. [32] [33]

Princess Elizabeth inspecting an honour guard during a Royal visit to 5th Guards Armoured Brigade, at Hove, 17 May 1944 Allied Preparations For D-day H38532.jpg
Princess Elizabeth inspecting an honour guard during a Royal visit to 5th Guards Armoured Brigade, at Hove, 17 May 1944

After the Second World War

In June 1945, following the end of hostilities, the 2nd and 4th Battalions gave up their tanks and returned to an infantry role. [34] The regiment returned to three battalions at this time, with the 4th and 5th Battalions being disbanded along with the 6th, which had been removed from the order of battle before the end of the war. [35] Initially, the regiment was employed on occupation duties in Germany; however, the 3rd Battalion was deployed shortly afterwards to Palestine, where it attempted to keep the peace until May 1948, when it was replaced by the 1st Battalion. Further deployments came to Malaya in 1949, Tripoli in 1951 and Cyprus in 1956. [36] In 1960, shortly after returning from Cyprus, the 3rd Battalion paraded for the last time [37] and was subsequently placed in suspended animation. In order to maintain the battalion's customs and traditions, one of its companies, The Inkerman Company, was incorporated into the 1st Battalion. [38]

Since the mid-1960s, the 1st and 2nd Battalions have been deployed to Africa, South America and Northern Ireland where they undertook peacekeeping duties. They also undertook duties as part of the NATO force stationed in Germany during the Cold War. [39] In 1991, the 1st Battalion, which had been serving in Germany, was deployed to the Middle East, where it took part in the Persian Gulf War mounted in Warrior armoured personnel carriers, before returning for a six-month tour of Northern Ireland. [38]

21st century

U.S. president Donald Trump and the then Prince of Wales inspect Nijmegen Company, Grenadier Guards in the Garden at Buckingham Palace, June 2019 President Trump and First Lady Melania Trump's Trip to the United Kingdom (47995680802).jpg
U.S. president Donald Trump and the then Prince of Wales inspect Nijmegen Company, Grenadier Guards in the Garden at Buckingham Palace, June 2019

In 2002, the 1st Battalion deployed as part of as Operation Herrick in Afghanistan, and in 2003, it deployed as part of Operation Telic in Iraq. [40]

As of 2014, recruits to the Guards Division go through a gruelling thirty-week training programme at the Infantry Training Centre (ITC). The training is two weeks longer than the training for the Regular line infantry regiments of the British Army; the extra training, carried out throughout the course, is devoted to drill and ceremonies. [41]

In 2012, Lance Corporal James Ashworth of the Grenadier Guards was awarded the Victoria Cross posthumously for bravery in Helmand Province, Afghanistan. [42]

In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, members of the regiment helped assist the NHS for testing of COVID-19 patients, and provided checkpoints throughout London in collaboration with the Royal Anglian Regiment. [43]

Battle honours

King's colour of the 1st Battalion Grenadier Guards. In contrast with those of the line infantry regiments, the king's colours of Foot Guards regiments are crimson, and it is their regimental colours that are based on the Union Flag. Foot Guards regiments also emblazon the same honours (from all conflicts, including both World Wars) on both colours. Kings Colour-1Bn-Grenadier Guards.png
King's colour of the 1st Battalion Grenadier Guards. In contrast with those of the line infantry regiments, the king's colours of Foot Guards regiments are crimson, and it is their regimental colours that are based on the Union Flag. Foot Guards regiments also emblazon the same honours (from all conflicts, including both World Wars) on both colours.

The 1st Foot Guards has received 78 battle honours, [44] gained for its involvement in a number of conflicts including:

Regimental structure

In 1994, under the Options for Change reforms, the Grenadier Guards was reduced to a single battalion. The 2nd Battalion was put into 'suspended animation', and its colours passed for safekeeping to a newly formed independent company, which was named "Nijmegen Company". [40] As a result of this, the regiment was reduced to its current composition: one full battalion, the 1st Battalion, consisting of three rifle companies (The King's Company, No. 2 Company and The Inkerman Company), a support company and a headquarters company, and one independent company, Nijmegen Company, based at Wellington Barracks, London. [40] The Queen, as Colonel-in-Chief, presented new colours to Nijmegen Company in 2013. [45]

Following the Integrated Review, G (Guards) Company, London Regiment based at Kingston upon Thames, [46] re-badged and became Ypres Company, Grenadier Guards. [47]

King's Company

The King's Company (or Queen's Company when the monarch is female, or Sovereign's Company in general) of the Grenadier Guards is the premier ceremonial unit of the regiment and one of the oldest bodies of troops in the Army. It traditionally provides the pallbearers for all deceased monarchs, [48] most recently at the State funeral of Elizabeth II in 2022. They played a role in the Coronation of Charles III and Camilla, with a colour party being present in Westminster Abbey. All soldiers within the company are over the height of six feet. [49]

The King serves as the Company Commander of the King's Company, with executive authority for the daily administration of the company being designated to the "Captain-Lieutenant" (or simply "The Captain"), with there being with 100 Captains over time leading the Company on the Sovereigns' behalf.  The company Royal Standard is gifted by the monarch and is now paraded only in the Sovereign's presence. In 1656, King Charles II issued the first Colour to the company and every Monarch since has presented their Company with their own Royal Standard just once in their reign, with the exception of King George II, whose color was in 1709, was shot to pieces at the Battle of Malplaquet, and subsequently replaced the following year. In April 2023, King Charles III presented a new Royal standard bearing his cypher and crown to the King's Company. [50]

Colonels-in-Chief

Previous Colonel-in-Chief of the Regiment Elizabeth II, with Prince Philip in 2007 Trooping the Colour Queen Duke of Edinburgh 16th June 2007.jpg
Previous Colonel-in-Chief of the Regiment Elizabeth II, with Prince Philip in 2007

The Grenadier Guards' various colonels-in-chief have generally been the British monarchs, including Edward VII, [51] George V, Edward VIII, George VI, Elizabeth II [52] and Charles III. [53]

Regimental Colonels

The following is a list of individuals who have served in the role of colonel of the regiment: [54]

Regimental Lieutenant Colonels

The Regimental Lieutenant Colonels have included: [57] [58]

Marches

Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg
"The British Grenadiers"
"The British Grenadiers", the official Regimental Quick March of the Grenadier Guards, performed by the United States Army Band Strings ensemble
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The Grenadier Guards Regimental Slow March is the march "Scipio", [48] from the opera Scipione by George Frideric Handel, inspired by the exploits of the Roman General Scipio Africanus. The first performance of Scipione was in 1726. Handel actually composed the eponymous slow march for the First Guards, presenting it to the regiment before he added it to the score of the opera. [112] The Quick March is "The British Grenadiers". [48]

Uniform

Full dress uniform of the Grenadier Guards worn on ceremonial occasions as in the Household Division includes a tall and heavy fur cap, called bearskin [113] with a white plume worn on the left side of the bearskin, properly called a hackle. [114]

Alliances

Lineage

Lineage
1st Regiment of Foot Guards
(later Grenadier Guards)		The Royal Regiment of Guards
John Russell's Regiment of Guards

Order of precedence

The Grenadier Guards is the most senior regiment of the Infantry in the British Army [117]

Preceded by
First in Order of Precedence
 Infantry Order of Precedence Succeeded by

See also

Notes

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Since 6 May 2023.
  2. ↑ Colonel of Lord Wentworth's Regiment. [54]
  3. ↑ Colonel of John Russell's Regiment of Guards until united with Wentworth's Regiment in 1665. [54]

Citations

  1. ↑ "Army – Question for Ministry of Defence". p. 1. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
  2. ↑ "The King's Own Regiment of Guards". BCW Project. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  3. ↑ "Queen's Company Grenadier Guards perform last duty to Her Majesty The Queen". The British Army. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
  4. ↑ Fraser 1998 , p. 4
  5. ↑ "Britain and Belgium mark 360th anniversary of the Grenadier Guards". Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom). 2 September 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  6. 1 2 Fraser 1998 , p. 6
  7. ↑ Fraser 1998 , pp. 7–9
  8. ↑ "No. 17045". The London Gazette . 29 July 1815. p. 1537.
  9. ↑ Fraser 1998 , pp. 14–15
  10. 1 2 Fraser 1998 , p. 17
  11. 1 2 Fraser 1998 , p. 18
  12. 1 2 3 Fraser 1998 , p. 20
  13. 1 2 Chappell 1997 , p. 4
  14. 1 2 "Colonel Sir Henry Streatfeild", The Times (London), 27 July 1925, p. 16. Gale   CS269431547.
  15. ↑ Craster & Jeffrey 1976 , pp. 13–14
  16. ↑ Fraser 1998 , p. 21
  17. ↑ Chappell 1997 , p. 5
  18. ↑ Chappell 1997 , p. 6
  19. ↑ Fraser 1998 , pp. 19–22
  20. ↑ Fraser 1998 , p. 22
  21. ↑ Fraser 1998 , p. 23
  22. 1 2 3 Fraser 1998 , p. 24
  23. ↑ Forbes 1949 , p. 4
  24. ↑ Forbes 1949 , pp. 53–56
  25. ↑ Forbes 1949 , p. 59
  26. ↑ Forbes 1949 , p. 56
  27. ↑ Chappell 1997 , pp. 28–55
  28. ↑ Nicolson 1949 , pp. vii–ix
  29. ↑ Nicolson 1949 , pp. 268 & 281
  30. ↑ Palmer, Rob. "1st Infantry Division" (PDF). British Military History. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
  31. ↑ Nicolson 1949 , pp. 384–385
  32. ↑ Forbes 1949 , pp. 27–28
  33. ↑ Nicolson 1949 , pp. 407–408
  34. ↑ Forbes 1949 , p. 253
  35. ↑ Fraser 1998 , p. 26
  36. ↑ Fraser 1998 , pp. 26–27
  37. ↑ Fraser 1998 , p. 28
  38. 1 2 "History of the Grenadier Guards" (PDF). British Army. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 September 2012. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
  39. ↑ Fraser 1998 , pp. 28–29
  40. 1 2 3 "Grenadier Guards". British Army. Archived from the original on 22 July 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
  41. ↑ "Combat Infantryman's Course – Foot Guards". Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
  42. ↑ "No. 60455". The London Gazette (Supplement). 22 March 2013. pp. 5735–5736.
  43. ↑ "Royal Anglian Regiment and Grenadier Guards boosts staff in London". Instagram. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  44. ↑ "Battle Honours - History of the Grenadier Guards - History and Archives - Grenadier Guards". Grengds.com. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  45. ↑ "Grenadier Guards honoured by the Queen at Buckingham Palace". Belfast Newsletter . National World. 26 June 2013. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013.
  46. ↑ "Great weekend with more LONDONS recruits passing Phase 1 Training at Pirbright". www.facebook.com. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  47. ↑ "Minutes of an Annual General Meeting of the London Regiment Association held on Monday 28 February 2022 at 19.00 hours at Battalion Headquarters of the London Regiment, 27 St John's Hill, London SW11 1TT" (PDF).
  48. 1 2 3 Fraser 1998 , p. 40
  49. ↑ "Her Majesty's Proud Grenadiers will bear The Duke's Coffin". British Army. 17 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  50. ↑ "What is the King's Company?". Ministry of Defence. 1 May 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  51. ↑ "No. 27289". The London Gazette . 26 February 1901. p. 1417.
  52. ↑ "Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II - Colonel in chief of the seven regiments of the Household Brigade taking the salute outside Buckingham Palace after last year's Trooping the Colour Ceremony". London: Gale & Polden. 1957.
  53. ↑ "Grenadier Guards". National Army Museum. Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2014.
  54. 1 2 3 Fraser 1998 , p. 39
  55. ↑ "The Duke of York will take over the appointment from HRH The Duke of Edinburgh, who has been Colonel of the Grenadier Guards since 1975". Royal Family. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  56. ↑ Parnaby, Laura (21 December 2022). "Kate takes on Colonel of Irish Guards position from William". The Independent. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  57. ↑ Sir F. W. Hamilton, The Origin and History of the First or Grenadier Guards (1874) vol. iii, pp. 502–506
  58. ↑ "Regiments and Commanding Officers, 1960 - Colin Mackie" (PDF). p. 33. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  59. ↑ "No. 6839". The London Gazette. 13–16 December 1729. p. 1.
  60. ↑ "No. 7418". The London Gazette. 8–12 July 1735. p. 1.
  61. ↑ "No. 7860". The London Gazette. 20–24 November 1739. p. 1.
  62. ↑ "No. 8216". The London Gazette. 19–23 April 1743. p. 3.
  63. ↑ "No. 8847". The London Gazette. 6–9 May 1749. p. 1.
  64. ↑ "No. 12164". The London Gazette. 20–24 February 1781. p. 4.
  65. ↑ "No. 12280". The London Gazette. 19–23 March 1782. p. 1.
  66. ↑ "No. 13076". The London Gazette. 10–14 March 1789. p. 123.
  67. ↑ "No. 13651". The London Gazette. 3–6 May 1794. p. 402.
  68. ↑ "No. 13758". The London Gazette. 7–10 March 1795. p. 224.
  69. ↑ "No. 14059". The London Gazette. 30 September – 3 October 1797. p. 948.
  70. ↑ "No. 15206". The London Gazette. 23–26 November 1799. p. 1212.
  71. ↑ "No. 15400". The London Gazette. 22–25 August 1801. p. 1035.
  72. ↑ "No. 15694". The London Gazette. 17–21 April 1804. p. 474.
  73. ↑ "No. 16925". The London Gazette. 13 August 1814. p. 1635.
  74. ↑ "No. 20465". The London Gazette. 25 April 1845. p. 1253.
  75. ↑ "No. 20966". The London Gazette. 10 April 1849. p. 1160.
  76. ↑ "No. 21475". The London Gazette. 13 September 1853. p. 2509.
  77. ↑ "No. 21566". The London Gazette. 27 June 1854. p. 1989.
  78. ↑ "No. 22502". The London Gazette. 16 April 1861. p. 1616.
  79. ↑ "No. 24507". The London Gazette. 28 September 1877. p. 5414.
  80. ↑ "No. 24508". The London Gazette. 2 October 1877. p. 5459.
  81. ↑ "No. 24517". The London Gazette. 30 October 1877. p. 5921.
  82. ↑ "No. 24853". The London Gazette. 8 June 1880. p. 3372.
  83. ↑ "No. 24861". The London Gazette. 6 July 1880. p. 3805.
  84. ↑ "No. 24876". The London Gazette. 24 August 1880. p. 4624.
  85. ↑ "No. 25507". The London Gazette. 1 September 1885. p. 4132.
  86. ↑ "No. 25620". The London Gazette. 27 August 1886. p. 4176.
  87. ↑ "No. 25954". The London Gazette. 16 July 1889. p. 3834.
  88. ↑ "No. 26535". The London Gazette. 24 July 1894. p. 4214.
  89. ↑ "No. 27041". The London Gazette. 10 January 1899. p. 149.
  90. ↑ "No. 27135". The London Gazette. 14 November 1899. p. 6814.
  91. ↑ "No. 27731". The London Gazette. 8 November 1904. p. 7186.
  92. ↑ "No. 27827". The London Gazette. 15 August 1905. p. 5618. Substituted for notice in "No. 27736". The London Gazette. 18 November 1904. p. 7476.
  93. ↑ "No. 28195". The London Gazette. 10 November 1908. p. 8165.
  94. ↑ "No. 28197". The London Gazette. 17 November 1908. p. 8407.
  95. ↑ "No. 28395". The London Gazette. 15 July 1910. p. 5047.
  96. ↑ "No. 28405". The London Gazette. 9 August 1910. p. 5794.
  97. ↑ "No. 28860". The London Gazette. 4 August 1914. p. 6073.
  98. ↑ "No. 28895". The London Gazette (Supplement). 9 September 1914. p. 7173.
  99. ↑ "No. 28988". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 November 1914. p. 10105.
  100. ↑ "No. 28957". The London Gazette. 30 October 1914. p. 8763.
  101. ↑ "No. 31368". The London Gazette (3rd supplement). 31 May 1919. p. 6759.
  102. ↑ "No. 31652". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 November 1919. p. 14261.
  103. ↑ "No. 32862". The London Gazette. 14 September 1923. p. 6199.
  104. ↑ "No. 33268". The London Gazette. 22 April 1927. p. 2604.
  105. ↑ "No. 33273". The London Gazette. 10 May 1927. p. 3056.
  106. ↑ "No. 33565". The London Gazette. 31 December 1929. p. 8503.
  107. ↑ "No. 33568". The London Gazette. 7 January 1930. p. 135.
  108. ↑ "No. 33842". The London Gazette. 1 July 1932. p. 4301.
  109. ↑ "No. 33844". The London Gazette. 8 July 1932.
  110. ↑ "No. 34414". The London Gazette. 2 July 1937. p. 4249.
  111. ↑ "No. 34414". The London Gazette. 2 July 1937. p. 4250.
  112. ↑ Hanning 2006 , p. 80
  113. ↑ Wharton, James (11 June 2021). "The Bearskin: Everything you need to know". BFBS. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  114. ↑ Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1992). The London Encyclopaedia (reprint ed.). Macmillan. p. 409.
  115. 1 2 Grenadier Gazette, 2019
  116. ↑ "The Canadian Grenadier Guards - Lineage". www.canada.ca. Government of Canada. 6 December 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  117. ↑ Defence Instructions and Notices (DIN) 2007DIN09-027, The Precedence of Regiments and Corps in the Army and within the Infantry, August 2007.

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The Irish Guards (IG) is one of the Foot Guards regiments of the British Army and is part of the Guards Division. Together with the Royal Irish Regiment, it is one of the two Irish infantry regiments in the British Army. The regiment has participated in campaigns in the First World War, the Second World War, the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan as well as numerous other operations throughout its history. The Irish Guards claim six Victoria Cross recipients, four from the First World War and two from the Second World War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lancashire Fusiliers</span> Line infantry regiment of the British Army 1688–1968

The Lancashire Fusiliers was a line infantry regiment of the British Army that saw distinguished service through many years and wars, including the Second Boer War, the First and Second World Wars, and had many different titles throughout its 280 years of existence. In 1968 the regiment was amalgamated with the other regiments of the Fusilier Brigade – the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers, Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers and the Royal Fusiliers – to form the current Royal Regiment of Fusiliers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Life Guards (United Kingdom)</span> British military unit

TheLife Guards (LG) is the most senior regiment of the British Army and part of the Household Cavalry, along with The Blues and Royals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Welch Regiment</span> British Army formation

The Welch Regiment was an infantry regiment of the line of the British Army in existence from 1881 until 1969. The regiment was created in 1881 under the Childers Reforms by the amalgamation of the 41st (Welch) Regiment of Foot and 69th Regiment of Foot to form the Welsh Regiment, by which it was known until 1920 when it was renamed the Welch Regiment. In 1969 the regiment was amalgamated with the South Wales Borderers to form the Royal Regiment of Wales.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prince of Wales's Own Regiment of Yorkshire</span> Former regiment of the British Army

The Prince of Wales's Own Regiment of Yorkshire was an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the King's Division. It was created in 1958 by the amalgamation of the West Yorkshire Regiment and the East Yorkshire Regiment. After 48 years service, the regiment was amalgamated again, this time with two other Yorkshire regiments. It became the 1st Battalion of the Yorkshire Regiment, with the Green Howards forming the 2nd Battalion and the Duke of Wellington's Regiment forming the 3rd Battalion on 6 June 2006. Following further merges, in 2012, the battalion was redesignated as the new 2nd Battalion (2Yorks).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cheshire Regiment</span> Former British Army regiment

The Cheshire Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales' Division. The 22nd Regiment of Foot was raised by the Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk in 1689 and was able to boast an independent existence of over 300 years. The regiment was expanded in 1881 as part of the Childers Reforms by the linking of the 22nd (Cheshire) Regiment of Foot and the militia and rifle volunteers of Cheshire. The title 22nd (Cheshire) Regiment continued to be used within the regiment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)</span> British Army infantry regiment from 1572 to 1961

The Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment), formerly the 3rd Regiment of Foot, was a line infantry regiment of the British Army traditionally raised in the English county of Kent and garrisoned at Canterbury. It had a history dating back to 1572 and was one of the oldest regiments in the British Army, being third in order of precedence (ranked as the 3rd Regiment of the line). The regiment provided distinguished service over a period of almost four hundred years accumulating one hundred and sixteen battle honours. In 1881, under the Childers Reforms, it was known as the Buffs (East Kent Regiment) and later, on 3 June 1935, was renamed the Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Norfolk Regiment</span> Infantry regiment of the British Army

The Royal Norfolk Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army until 1959. Its predecessor regiment was raised in 1685 as Henry Cornwall's Regiment of Foot. In 1751, it was numbered like most other British Army regiments and named the 9th Regiment of Foot.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scots Guards</span> Infantry regiment of the British Army

The Scots Guards (SG) is one of the five Foot Guards regiments of the British Army. Its origins are as the personal bodyguard of King Charles I of England and Scotland. Its lineage can be traced back to 1642 in the Kingdom of Scotland, although it was only placed on the English Establishment in 1686.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Devonshire Regiment</span> Former regiment of the British Army

The Devonshire Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army that served under various titles and served in many wars and conflicts from 1685 to 1958, such as the Second Boer War, the First World War and the Second World War. In 1958 the regiment was amalgamated with the Dorset Regiment to form the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment which, in 2007, was amalgamated with the Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment, the Royal Green Jackets and The Light Infantry to form a new large regiment, The Rifles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">11th Security Force Assistance Brigade</span> British Army unit

The 11th Security Force Assistance Brigade is a brigade of the British Army which is intended to train and assist foreign forces. In 2021, under the Future Army changes, the brigade was redesignated, formerly being the 11th Infantry Brigade & HQ South East. Prior to the Army 2020 changes in 2013, the brigade was temporarily activated for deployment to Afghanistan. Originally formed in the Second Boer War, the brigade was engaged during both World Wars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">12th Armoured Brigade Combat Team (United Kingdom)</span> British Army formation

The 12th Armoured Brigade Combat Team, formerly the 12th Armoured Infantry Brigade, is a regular brigade of the British Army which has been in almost continuous existence since 1899 and now forms part of 3rd Division.

The Malaya Command was a formation of the British Army formed in the 1920s for the coordination of the defences of British Malaya, which comprised the Straits Settlements, the Federated Malay States and the Unfederated Malay States. It consisted mainly of small garrison forces in Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Taiping, Seremban and Singapore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Allan Adair</span> British Army general

Major-General Sir Allan Henry Shafto Adair, 6th Baronet, was a senior officer of the British Army who served in both World wars; as a company commander in the Grenadier Guards in the First World War, and as General Officer Commanding of the Guards Armoured Division in the Second World War.

The 11th Indian Infantry Division was an infantry division of the Indian Army during World War II. It formed part of Indian III Corps in the Malaya Command during the Battle of Malaya. The division was re-raised on 1 April 1965 and is presently part of the XII Corps of Southern Command. It is presently responsible for safeguarding the borders with Pakistan along Southern Rajasthan and Gujarat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suffolk Regiment</span> Former regiment of the British Army

The Suffolk Regiment was an infantry regiment of the line in the British Army with a history dating back to 1685. It saw service for three centuries, participating in many wars and conflicts, including the First and Second World Wars, before being amalgamated with the Royal Norfolk Regiment to form the 1st East Anglian Regiment in 1959 which, in 1964, was further amalgamated with the 2nd East Anglian Regiment, the 3rd East Anglian Regiment and the Royal Leicestershire Regiment to create the present Royal Anglian Regiment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">King's Own Royal Regiment (Lancaster)</span> Military unit

The King's Own Royal Regiment (Lancaster) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army. It served under various titles and fought in many wars and conflicts, including both the First and the Second World Wars, from 1680 to 1959. In 1959, the regiment was amalgamated with the Border Regiment to form the King's Own Royal Border Regiment.

References

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