Hastings International Chess Congress

Last updated May 02, 2024

The Hastings International Chess Congress is an annual chess tournament which takes place in Hastings, England, around the turn of the year. The main event is the Hastings Premier tournament, which was traditionally a 10 to 16 player round-robin tournament. In 2004/05 the tournament was played in the knock out format; while in 2005/06 and 2006/07 it was played using the Swiss system. Alongside the main event there is the challengers section, which is open to all players. The winner of the challengers event earns an invitation in the following year's Premier.

In addition to the annual international tournament at the Christmas Congress, Hastings has also hosted international tournaments at irregular intervals in its Summer Congress. The most celebrated of these is Hastings 1895, which featured two world champions and nearly all of the world's best players.

Every World Champion before Garry Kasparov except Bobby Fischer played at Hastings: Wilhelm Steinitz (1895), Emanuel Lasker (1895), José Raúl Capablanca (1919, 1929/30, 1930/1 and 1934/5), Alexander Alekhine (1922, 1925/6, 1933/4 and 1936/7), Max Euwe (1923/4, 1930/1, 1931/2, 1934/5, 1945/6 and 1949/50), Mikhail Botvinnik (1934/5, 1961/2 and 1966/7), Vasily Smyslov (1954/5, 1962/3 and 1968/9), Mikhail Tal (1963/4), Tigran Petrosian (1977/8), Boris Spassky (1965/6), and Anatoly Karpov (1971/2). The only champions to play Hastings while currently holding the title were Lasker at Hastings 1895, Alekhine at the 1933/4 Christmas Congress and Botvinnik in 1961/62.^[1]^[2]

Vera Menchik (Czechoslovakia), who was then the Women's World Champion, was the first woman to play in the Premier section, participating in seven tournaments from 1929/30 through 1936/37. In 1963/4 Nona Gaprindashvili (USSR) won the Challengers section when she also was Women's World Champion, earning a spot in the next years Premier. In the 1964/5 Premier she scored 5/9 to place fifth, beating all of the British masters in the tournament.^[3]^[4] Judit Polgár tied for first place in the 1992/3 Premier tournament.

The 2021/22 edition of the Congress was cancelled due to the Coronavirus pandemic.

The Hastings Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined takes its name from the game Victor Berger (né Buerger) – George Alan Thomas, Hastings 1926/7, which began 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Bg5 h6 5.Bxf6 Qxf6 6.Nc3 c6 7.Qb3.^[5]

This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.

Premier (Christmas Congress)

History

The first Christmas Congress in 1920/1 was a four player double round-robin of British Champions, won by Frederick Yates 4/6 ahead of Roland Henry Vaughn Scott 3.5, Henry Ernest Atkins 3, and Richard Griffith 1.5.^[3]

In 1921/2, the second Congress, the field was still almost entirely British. The lone foreign entrant, Borislav Kostić (Yugoslavia), won with a perfect 7/7 score.^[3]

The third Congress in 1922/3, began the event as a truly international competition with four foreign participants in the field of ten. Max Euwe (Netherlands) won with 7.5/9. Except for 1924/5 and during World War II, the tournaments would continue as ten-player events with the field half British, half foreign. In 1968 the field was increased to twelve, and in 1971 it was increased again to sixteen.^[3]

The Congress was held in the Hastings Town Hall from 1921 to 1929. In 1930 it was held in the Waverly Hotel; from 1931 to 1953 at the White Rock Pavilion; from 1954 to 1965 at the Sun Lounge, St. Leonards-on-Sea; and in 1966 Falaise Hall, White Rock Gardens.^[6] At first the tournament was funded by private donations and a grant from the Hastings Corporation, but eventually commercial sponsorship became necessary. The 1967 to 1969 tournaments were sponsored by The Times newspaper and the St Leonards and Hastings Corporations. This allowed an increase in the prize funds for both the Premier and Challengers' sections, with the prizes for the Premier being 1st £250, 2nd £100, 3rd £50, 4th £25, and £5 per won game for non-prize winners. Challengers prizes were 1st £100, 2nd £50, 3rd £30, 4th £20, 5th £10, and a £20 prize for the best score by a British player. Participants in the by-invitation Premier section had expenses paid. The entry fee for the Challengers' section was £4, with the 32-player field selected from the entries received.^[7] Zetters International Pools was the sponsor in 1975, and Ladbrokes in 1976. Other sponsors included J. D. Slater, W. R. Morry, and the Friends of Chess.^[3]

The 1961/2 Congress featured World Champion Mikhail Botvinnik, making his first return to Hastings since 1934/5. The 1934/5 Congress was Botvinnik's first tournament outside the Soviet Union and he had finished a disappointing fifth behind Sir George Thomas, Max Euwe, and Salo Flohr tied for 1st-3rd, and Capablanca at 4th. This time Botvinnik was undefeated, winning seven and drawing two to finish first with 8/9. Svetozar Gligorić was second with 6, Flohr third with 5.5, and Arthur Bisguier and John Penrose tied for fourth-fifth with 5.^[8]^[9]

Winners

#	Year	Winner
#	Year	Name	Rating	Score
1	1920/21	Frederick Yates (England)
2	1921/22	Borislav Kostić (Yugoslavia)
3	1922/23	Akiba Rubinstein (Poland)
4	1923/24	Max Euwe (Netherlands)
5	1924/25	Géza Maróczy (Hungary) Savielly Tartakower (Poland)
6	1925/26	Alexander Alekhine (France) Milan Vidmar (Yugoslavia)
7	1926/27	Savielly Tartakower (Poland)
8	1927/28	Savielly Tartakower (Poland)
9	1928/29	Edgard Colle (Belgium) Frank Marshall (USA) Sándor Takács (Hungary)
10	1929/30	José Raúl Capablanca (Cuba)
11	1930/31	Max Euwe (Netherlands)
12	1931/32	Salo Flohr (Czechoslovakia)
13	1932/33	Salo Flohr (Czechoslovakia)
14	1933/34	Salo Flohr (Czechoslovakia)
15	1934/35	Max Euwe (Netherlands) George Alan Thomas (England) Salo Flohr (Czechoslovakia)
16	1935/36	Reuben Fine (USA)
17	1936/37	Alexander Alekhine (France)
18	1937/38	Samuel Reshevsky (USA)
19	1938/39	László Szabó (Hungary)
20	1939/40	Frank Parr (England)
21	1945/46	Savielly Tartakower (France)
22	1946/47	Conel Hugh O'Donel Alexander (England)
23	1947/48	László Szabó (Hungary)
24	1948/49	Nicolas Rossolimo (France)
25	1949/50	László Szabó (Hungary)
26	1950/51	Wolfgang Unzicker (West Germany)
27	1951/52	Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia)
28	1952/53	Harry Golombek (England) Antonio Medina (Spain) Jonathan Penrose (England) Daniel Yanofsky (Canada)
29	1953/54	Conel Hugh O'Donel Alexander (England) David Bronstein (USSR)
30	1954/55	Paul Keres (USSR) Vasily Smyslov (USSR)
31	1955/56	Viktor Korchnoi (USSR) Fridrik Olafsson (Iceland)
32	1956/57	Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia) Bent Larsen (Denmark)
33	1957/58	Paul Keres (USSR)
34	1958/59	Wolfgang Uhlmann (East Germany)
35	1959/60	Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia)
36	1960/61	Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia)
37	1961/62	Mikhail Botvinnik (USSR)
38	1962/63	Svetozar Gligorić (Yugoslavia) Alexander Kotov (USSR)
39	1963/64	Mikhail Tal (USSR)
40	1964/65	Paul Keres (USSR)
41	1965/66	Boris Spassky (USSR) Wolfgang Uhlmann (East Germany)
42	1966/67	Mikhail Botvinnik (USSR)
43	1967/68	Florin Gheorghiu (Romania) Vlastimil Hort (Czechoslovakia) Leonid Stein (USSR) Alexey Suetin (USSR)
44	1968/69	Vasily Smyslov (USSR)
45	1969/70	Lajos Portisch (Hungary)
46	1970/71	Lajos Portisch (Hungary)
47	1971/72	Anatoly Karpov (USSR) Viktor Korchnoi (USSR)
48	1972/73	Bent Larsen (Denmark)
49	1973/74	Gennady Kuzmin (USSR) László Szabó (Hungary) Mikhail Tal (USSR) Jan Timman (Netherlands)
50	1974/75	Vlastimil Hort (Czechoslovakia)
51	1975/76	David Bronstein (USSR) Vlastimil Hort (Czechoslovakia) Wolfgang Uhlmann (East Germany)
52	1976/77	Oleg Romanishin (USSR)
53	1977/78	Roman Dzindzichashvili (Israel)
54	1978/79	Ulf Andersson (Sweden)
55	1979/80	Ulf Andersson (Sweden) John Nunn (England)
56	1980/81	Ulf Andersson (Sweden)
57	1981/82	Viktor Kupreichik (USSR)
58	1982/83	Rafael Vaganian (USSR)
59	1983/84	Lars Karlsson (Sweden) Jonathan Speelman (England)
60	1984/85	Evgeny Sveshnikov (USSR)
61	1985/86	Margeir Petursson (Iceland)
62	1986/87	Murray Chandler (England) Bent Larsen (Denmark) Smbat Lputian (USSR) Jonathan Speelman (England)
63	1987/88	Nigel Short (England)
64	1988/89	Nigel Short (England)
65	1989/90	Sergey Dolmatov (USSR)
66	1990/91	Evgeny Bareev (USSR)
67	1991/92	Evgeny Bareev (Russia)
68	1992/93	Judit Polgár (Hungary) Evgeny Bareev (Russia)
69	1993/94	John Nunn (England)
70	1994/95	Thomas Luther (Germany)
71	1995/96	Stuart Conquest (England) Alexander Khalifman (Russia) Bogdan Lalić (Croatia)
72	1996/97	Mark Hebden (England) John Nunn (England) Eduardas Rozentalis (Lithuania)
73	1997/98	Matthew Sadler (England)
74	1998/99	Ivan Sokolov (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
75	1999/00	Emil Sutovsky (Israel)
76	2000/01	Stuart Conquest (England) Krishnan Sasikiran (India)
77	2001/02	Alexei Barsov (Uzbekistan) Pentala Harikrishna (India) Krishnan Sasikiran (India)
78	2002/03	Peter Heine Nielsen (Denmark)
79	2003/04	Vasilios Kotronias (Greece) Jonathan Rowson (Scotland)
80	2004/05	Vladimir Belov (Russia)
81	2005/06	Valeriy Neverov (Ukraine)
82	2006/07	Merab Gagunashvili (Georgia) Valeriy Neverov (Ukraine)
83	2007/08	Vadim Malakhatko (Belgium) Nidjat Mamedov (Azerbaijan) Valeriy Neverov (Ukraine)
84	2008/09	Igor Kurnosov (Russia)
85	2009/10	Andrei Istrățescu (Romania) Romain Edouard (France) David Howell (England) Mark Hebden (England)	2624 2620 2597 2522
86	2010/11	Deep Sengupta (India) Arghyadip Das (India)	2558 2476
87	2011/12	Wang Yue (China)	2697	7.5/9
88	2012/13	Gawain Jones (England)	2644	7.5/10
89	2013/14	Mikheil Mchedlishvili (Georgia) Igor Khenkin (Germany) Ma Qun (China) Mark Hebden (England) Jahongir Vakhidov (Uzbekistan) Justin Sarkar (USA) Jovica Radovanovic (Serbia)	2649 2598 2595 2560 2452 2425 2339	6.5/9
90	2014/15	Zhao Jun (China)	2585	8.0/9
91	2015/16	Jahongir Vakhidov (Uzbekistan) Aleksander Mista (Poland)	2546 2567	7.0/9
92	2016/17	Deep Sengupta (India)	2575	7.0/9
93	2017/18	Deep Sengupta (India) Lou Yiping (China)	2586 2462	7.0/9
94	2018/19	Oleg Korneev (Spain) Sarunas Sulskis (Lithuania) Daniel Gormally (England) Martin Petrov (Bulgaria) Alexander Cherniaev (Russia) Conor Murphy (Ireland)	2550 2525 2478 2472 2393 2331	7.0/10
95	2019/20	Magesh Panchanathan (India)	2482	7.5/9
96	2020/21	David Howell (England)^[10]	2663	9/11
97	2022/23	Sarunas Sulskis (Lithuania)	2492	8/10

Summer Congress

#	Year	Winner
1	1895	Harry Nelson Pillsbury (USA)
2	1919	José Raúl Capablanca (Cuba)
3	1922	Alexander Alekhine (France)
4	1995	Suat Atalık (Turkey)

Hastings 1895 is considered one of the greatest tournaments in the history of chess. It was one of the first tournaments to include all the top players, including former World Champion Wilhelm Steinitz and current champion Emanuel Lasker, Mikhail Chigorin, Siegbert Tarrasch, Karl Schlechter, Joseph Henry Blackburne, David Janowski, and others. The result of the 22-game round-robin was a surprise, as American Harry Nelson Pillsbury won with 16.5 points despite playing in his first international tournament.^[3]

The Hastings 1919 "Victory Tournament" was the first international tournament held in an allied country after World War I. The field was chiefly British, but the tournament was dominated by Cuban José Raúl Capablanca (soon to be World Champion) and Yugoslav grandmaster Borislav Kostić. Capablanca won 10.5/11 without a loss, drawing only his game to Kostić who placed second with 9.5. George Alan Thomas and Frederick Yates tied for 3rd-4th with 7 points.^[3]

Hastings 1922 was a double round-robin with Alexander Alekhine, Akiba Rubinstein, Efim Bogoljubov, Siegbert Tarrasch, George Alan Thomas, and Frederick Yates. Capablanca and Lasker had been invited but were unable to attend. The tournament featured a slower time control than had been usual in England—17 moves per hour instead of 20 moves per hour. The outcome wasn't decided until the final round. Bogoljubov lost all his games against tournament leaders Alekhine and Rubinstein. Rubinstein needed a final round victory over Thomas to tie for first with Alekhine, but achieved only a draw to fall a half point short. Alekhine won with 7.5, Rubinstein was second with 7, and Bogoljubow and Thomas tied for third-fourth with 4.5.^[11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FIDE</span> International chess governing body

The International Chess Federation or World Chess Federation, commonly referred to by its French acronym FIDE, is an international organization based in Switzerland that connects the various national chess federations and acts as the governing body of international chess competition. FIDE was founded in Paris, France, on July 20, 1924. Its motto is Gens una sumus, Latin for 'We are one Family'. In 1999, FIDE was recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). As of December 21, 2023, there are 201 member federations of FIDE.

Alexander Aleksandrovich Alekhine was a Russian and French chess player and the fourth World Chess Champion, a title he held for two reigns.

Machgielis "Max" Euwe was a Dutch chess player, mathematician, author, and chess administrator. He was the fifth player to become World Chess Champion, a title he held from 1935 until 1937. He served as President of FIDE, the World Chess Federation, from 1970 to 1978.

The World Chess Championship is played to determine the world champion in chess. The current world champion is Ding Liren, who defeated his opponent Ian Nepomniachtchi in the 2023 World Chess Championship. Magnus Carlsen, the previous world champion, had declined to defend his title.

José Raúl Capablanca y Graupera was a Cuban chess player who was the third world chess champion from 1921 to 1927. A chess prodigy, he is widely renowned for his exceptional endgame skill and speed of play.

Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik was a Soviet and Russian chess grandmaster who held five world titles in three different reigns. The sixth World Chess Champion, he also worked as an electrical engineer and computer scientist and was a pioneer in computer chess. He also had a mathematics degree (honorary).

Emanuel Lasker was a German chess player, mathematician, and philosopher. He was the second World Chess Champion, holding the title for 27 years, from 1894 to 1921, the longest reign of any officially recognised World Chess Champion in history. In his prime, Lasker was one of the most dominant champions, and he is still generally regarded as one of the strongest players in history.

Paul Keres was an Estonian chess grandmaster and chess writer. He was among the world's top players from the mid-1930s to the mid-1960s, and narrowly missed a chance at a World Chess Championship match on five occasions. As Estonia was repeatedly invaded and occupied during World War II, Keres was forced by the circumstances to represent the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany (1941–44) in international tournaments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sir George Thomas, 7th Baronet</span> English sports player (1881–1972)

Sir George Alan Thomas, 7th Baronet was a British badminton, tennis and chess player. He was twice British chess champion and a 21-time All-England badminton champion. He also reached the quarterfinals of the singles and the semifinals of the men's tennis doubles at Wimbledon in 1911. Badminton's world men's team championships cup, equivalent to tennis' Davis Cup, is named Thomas Cup after him. Thomas lived most of his life in London and Godalming. He never married, so the hereditary Thomas baronetcy ended on his death.

Reuben C. Fine was an American chess player, psychologist, university professor, and author of many books on both chess and psychology. He was one of the strongest chess players in the world from the mid-1930s until his retirement from chess in 1951. He was granted the title of International Grandmaster by FIDE in 1950, when titles were introduced.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Géza Maróczy</span> Hungarian chess player

Géza Maróczy was a Hungarian chess player, one of the leading players in the world in his time. He was one of the inaugural recipients of the International Grandmaster title from FIDE in 1950.

This is a timeline of chess.

Salomon Mikhailovich Flohr was a Czechoslovak and Soviet chess player and writer. He was among the first recipients of the title International Grandmaster from FIDE in 1950. Flohr dominated many tournaments of the pre-World War II years, and by the late 1930s was considered a contender for the World Championship. However, his patient, positional style was overtaken by the sharper, more tactical methods of the younger Soviet echelon after World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ossip Bernstein</span> Russian-French chess player (1882–1962)

Ossip Samoilovich Bernstein was a French chess player and businessman. He was one of the inaugural recipients of the title International Grandmaster from FIDE in 1950.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andor Lilienthal</span>

Andor Arnoldovich Lilienthal was a Hungarian and Soviet chess player. In his long career, he played against ten male and female world champions, beating Emanuel Lasker, José Raúl Capablanca, Alexander Alekhine, Max Euwe, Mikhail Botvinnik, Vasily Smyslov, and Vera Menchik.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boris Verlinsky</span> Soviet chess player

Boris Markovich Verlinsky was a Soviet chess player, who was awarded the title International Master by FIDE, the world chess federation, in 1950. He was one of the top Soviet players in the 1920s, and was Soviet champion in 1929.

The Nottingham 1936 chess tournament was a 15-player round robin tournament held August 10–28 at the University of Nottingham. It was one of the strongest of all time.

Zürich 1934 was an international chess tournament held in Zürich from 14 to 29 July 1934 to commemorate the 125th anniversary of Schachgesellschaft Zürich. Alexander Alekhine won, followed by Max Euwe and Salo Flohr tied for second-third. The tournament also served as the 1934 Swiss Championship, won by Hans Johner as the highest-ranking Swiss player.

References

↑ Sunnucks, Anne (1970), The Encyclopaedia of Chess, St. Martin's Press, pp. 161–204, 459–461, LCCN 78106371 (background and crosstables through 1968/9)
↑ Congress History at the official website of the Hastings International Chess Congress
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Golombek, Harry, ed. (1977), Golombek's Encyclopedia of Chess, Crown Publishing, pp. 137–139, ISBN 0-517-53146-1
↑ Sunnucks 1970 , p. 162
↑ Hooper, David; Whyld, Kenneth (1992), The Oxford Companion to Chess (2 ed.), Oxford University Press, p. 170, ISBN 0-19-280049-3
↑ Sunnucks 1970 , p. 161
↑ Sunnucks 1970 , pp. 459–460
↑ Horowitz, I. A. (February 1962), "The World of Chess: Botvinnik the Invincible", Chess Review , vol. 30, no. 2, p. 35
↑ Sunnucks 1970 , p. 199
↑ Colodro, Carlos Alberto (11 January 2021). "David Howell dominates Hastings online tournament". Chess News. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
↑ "Hastings 1922". Chessgames. Retrieved 17 January 2021.

External links

Official website
Reports from ChessBase: 2003/04, 2005/06, 2006/07, 2009/10, 2010/11, 2014/15, 2019/20, 2020/21
Crowther, Mark (11 January 1999), TWIC 218: Hastings 1998-9, The Week in Chess
Crowther, Mark (7 January 2008), TWIC 687: 83rd Hastings International Congress, The Week in Chess

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[Sunnucks-1] Sunnucks, Anne (1970), The Encyclopaedia of Chess, St. Martin's Press, pp. 161–204, 459–461, LCCN 78106371 (background and crosstables through 1968/9)

[2] Congress History at the official website of the Hastings International Chess Congress

[Golombek-3] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Golombek, Harry, ed. (1977), Golombek's Encyclopedia of Chess, Crown Publishing, pp. 137–139, ISBN 0-517-53146-1

[4] Sunnucks 1970 , p. 162

[5] Hooper, David; Whyld, Kenneth (1992), The Oxford Companion to Chess (2 ed.), Oxford University Press, p. 170, ISBN 0-19-280049-3

[6] Sunnucks 1970 , p. 161

[7] Sunnucks 1970 , pp. 459–460

[8] Horowitz, I. A. (February 1962), "The World of Chess: Botvinnik the Invincible", Chess Review , vol. 30, no. 2, p. 35

[9] Sunnucks 1970 , p. 199

[10] Colodro, Carlos Alberto (11 January 2021). "David Howell dominates Hastings online tournament". Chess News. Retrieved 17 January 2021.

[11] "Hastings 1922". Chessgames. Retrieved 17 January 2021.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

v t e Major recurring international chess tournaments
Strong chess tournaments Mini chess tournaments Round-robin chess tournaments
Major present (average rating > 2700; round-robin system generally)	Dortmund Sparkassen Chess Meeting (since 1973) Grand Chess Tour (since 2015) Grenke Chess Classic (since 2013) London Chess Classic (since 2009) Norway Chess (since 2013) Shamkir Chess (since 2014) Shenzhen Masters (since 2017) Sinquefield Cup (since 2013) Tata Steel Chess Tournament (since 1938)
Other present (Swiss system generally)	Aeroflot Open (since 2002) Australasian Masters (since 1987) Biel Chess Festival (since 1968) Canadian Open (since 1956) Capablanca Memorial (since 1962) Cappelle-la-Grande Open (since 1985) Carlos Torre Repetto Memorial (since 1987) Chigorin Memorial (since 1909) Doeberl Cup (since 1963) Dubai Open (since 1999) Gibraltar Chess Festival (since 2003) Hastings International Chess Congress (since 1920) Hogeschool Zeeland Tournament (since 1995) Lublin Grandmaster Tournament (since 2009) Paul Keres Memorials (Tallinn, since 1969) (Vancouver, since 1975) Prague Chess Festival (since 2019) Qatar Masters Open (2014–2015, since 2023) Reykjavik Open (since 1964) Riga Technical University Open (since 2011) Rilton Cup (since 1971) Rubinstein Memorial (since 1963) South African Open (since 1962) U.S. Open (since 1900) TePe Sigeman & Co chess tournament (since 1993) Vidmar Memorial (since 1969) World Open (since 1973) Xtracon Chess Open (since 1979) Zurich Christmas Open (since 1977)
Recently cancelled (after 2000)	Alekhine Memorial (1956–2013, irregular) Acropolis (1968–2009) Aerosvit (2006–2008) Amber (1992–2011) Bilbao Chess Masters Final (2008–2016) Howard Staunton Memorial (2003–2009) Linares (1978–2010) Mar del Plata (1928–2001) Millionaire Chess (2014–2016) M-Tel Masters (2005–2009) North Sea Cup (1976–2008) Pearl Spring (2008–2010) Reggio Emilia (1947–2012) Tal Memorial (2006–2018) Zurich Chess Challenge (2012–2017)
Major past (19th–20th century)	American Chess Congress (1857–1923) Carl Schlechter Memorial (1923–1996) DSB Congress (1879–1932) General Government (1940–1944) IBM international (1961–1981) Konex (1977–1994) Leopold Trebitsch Memorial (1907–1938) Lone Pine International (1971–1981) Max Euwe Memorial (1987–1996) Monte Carlo (1901–1904; 1967–1969) Netanya (1961–1983) Palma de Mallorca (1965–1972) Phillips & Drew Kings (1980–1986) Piatigorsky Cup (1963–1966) San Sebastián (1911–1912) Silesian Chess Congress (1922–1939) Tilburg (1977–1998) Triberg (1914–1917)
Chess competitions National championships Supranational championships