Homicide statistics by gender

Last updated May 04, 2024

According to the data given by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, worldwide, 79% of homicide victims are men, and in 193 of the 202 listed countries or regions, men were more likely to be killed than women.^[1] In two, the ratio was 50:50 (Switzerland and British Virgin Islands), and in the remaining seven – Tonga, Iceland, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Latvia, and Hong Kong – women were slightly more likely to be victims of homicides compared to males.^[2] A 2000 global study on homicide by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime found that men account "for an average of 95 per cent of all persons convicted of homicide in 53 countries"^[1] and 79% of the victims (see the chart below). The highest female homicide rate per 100,000 inhabitants was in Honduras and highest male homicide rate per 100,000 inhabitants was in Lesotho.

Table

Rate: The homicide rate is per year per 100,000 inhabitants.

Homicide Victims by Gender, by Country.^[2]^[1]^[3]
Location	Total		Male			Female			Year
Location	Victims	Rate	% of total	Victims	Rate	% of total	Victims	Rate	Year
Afghanistan	1,948	6.5	87.0	1,695	5.7	13.0	253	0.8	2010
Albania	157	5.0	83.4	131	4.2	16.6	26	0.8	2009
Algeria	280	0.7	84.0	235	0.6	16.0	45	0.1	2012
Angola	2,079	10.0	81.2	1,688	8.1	18.8	391	1.9	2010
Anguilla	1	7.5	100.0	1	7.5	0.0	0	0.0	2010
Antigua and Barbuda	10	11.2	67.9	7	7.6	32.1	3	3.6	2011
Argentina	2,237	5.5	83.6	1,870	4.6	16.4	367	0.9	2011
Armenia	54	1.8	64.8	35	1.2	35.2	19	0.6	2011
Aruba	4	3.9	100.0	4	3.9	0.0	0	0.0	2010
Australia	254	1.1	67.3	171	0.7	32.7	83	0.4	2010
Austria	65	0.7	43.1	28	0.6	56.9	37	0.8	2020
Azerbaijan	194	2.1	69.9	136	1.5	30.1	58	0.6	2012
Bahamas	111	29.8	87.4	97	26.0	12.6	14	3.8	2011
Bahrain	7	0.5	85.6	6	0.4	14.4	1	0.1	2011
Bangladesh	4,169	2.7	63.2	2,635	1.7	36.8	1,534	1.0	2010
Barbados	21	7.4	67.7	14	5.0	32.3	7	2.4	2010
Belarus	486	5.1	67.7	329	3.5	32.3	157	1.6	2012
Belgium	182	1.6	56.6	103	0.9	43.4	79	0.7	2012
Belize	145	44.7	90.3	131	40.4	9.7	14	4.3	2011
Benin	848	8.4	71.1	603	6.0	28.9	245	2.4	2011
Bhutan	12	1.7	61.2	7	1.0	38.8	5	0.7	2010
Bolivia	1,270	12.1	77.3	982	9.4	22.7	288	2.7	2012
Bosnia and Herzegovina	41	1.2	75.6	31	0.9	24.4	10	0.3	2017 ^[4]
Botswana	368	18.4	76.0	280	14.0	24.0	88	4.4	2010
Brazil	50,108	25.2	89.8	44,997	22.6	10.2	5,111	2.6	2010
British Virgin Islands	2	8.4	50.0	1	4.2	50.0	1	4.2	2010
Brunei	8	2.0	54.1	4	1.1	45.9	4	0.9	2010
Bulgaria	141	1.9	82.3	116	1.6	17.7	25	0.3	2011
Burkina Faso	1,311	8.0	67.2	881	5.4	32.8	430	2.6	2012
Burma	8,044	15.2	61.5	4,947	9.3	38.5	3,097	5.9	2010
Burundi	790	8.0	70.4	556	5.6	29.6	234	2.4	2010
Cambodia	964	6.5	75.3	726	4.9	24.7	238	1.6	2010
Cameroon	1,654	7.6	75.5	1,249	5.7	24.5	405	1.9	2012
Canada	784	2.06	74.8	586	1.54	25.2	197	0.52	2021^[5]
Cape Verde	51	10.3	74.5	38	7.7	25.5	13	2.6	2010
Cayman Islands	8	14.7	87.5	7	12.9	12.5	1	1.8	2010
Central African Republic	532	11.8	85.6	455	10.1	14.4	77	1.7	2010
Chad	907	7.3	71.2	646	5.2	28.8	261	2.1	2010
Chile	550	3.1	81.9	450	2.5	18.1	100	0.6	2010
China	13,410	1.0	78.1	10,473	0.8	21.9	2,937	0.2	2012
China, Hong Kong SAR	27	0.4	47.1	13	0.2	52.9	14	0.2	2011
China, Macao SAR	4	0.7	60.0	2	0.4	40.0	2	0.3	2010
Colombia	14,670	30.8	91.6	13,438	28.2	8.4	1,232	2.6	2012
Comoros	72	10.0	70.6	51	7.1	29.4	21	2.9	2010
Congo	541	12.5	83.9	454	10.5	16.1	87	2.0	2011
Costa Rica	407	8.5	87.7	357	7.5	12.3	50	1.0	2011
Croatia	43	1.04	58.1	25	0.6	41.7	18	0.4	2017 ^[6]
Cuba	477	4.2	75.0	358	3.2	25.0	119	1.1	2012
Cyprus	23	2.0	77.3	18	1.5	22.7	5	0.5	2012
Czech Republic	77	0.7	49.4	38	0.7	50.6	39	0.7	2020
North Korea	1,293	5.2	77.1	997	4.0	22.9	296	1.2	2010
DR Congo	18,586	28.3	80.8	15,017	22.9	19.2	3,569	5.4	2010
Denmark	47	0.8	66.0	31	0.5	34.0	16	0.3	2010
Djibouti	87	10.1	72.3	63	7.3	27.7	24	2.8	2012
Dominica	15	21.1	87.5	13	18.5	12.5	2	2.6	2012
Dominican Republic	2,268	22.1	91.1	2,066	20.1	8.9	202	2.0	2010
East Timor	39	3.6	73.1	29	2.6	26.9	10	1.0	2010
Ecuador	1,924	12.4	91.8	1,766	11.4	8.2	158	1.0	2010
Egypt	2,703	3.4	87.8	2,373	3.0	12.2	330	0.4	2006
El Salvador	2,594	41.2	89.0	2,309	36.7	11.0	285	4.5	2010
Equatorial Guinea	142	19.3	82.5	117	15.9	17.5	25	3.4	2010
Eritrea	437	7.1	74.4	325	5.3	25.6	112	1.8	2012
Estonia	65	5.0	76.6	50	3.8	23.4	15	1.2	2010
Ethiopia	11,048	12.0	77.2	8,529	9.3	22.8	2,519	2.7	2010
Fiji	35	4.0	61.3	21	2.5	38.7	14	1.5	2005
Finland	89	1.6	53.9	48	0.9	46.1	41	0.7	2010
France	734	1.1	68.9	506	1.6	31.1	228	0.7	2021
French Guiana	30	13.3	81.8	25	10.9	18.2	5	2.4	2012
Gabon	148	9.1	83.9	124	7.6	16.1	24	1.5	2010
Gambia	182	10.2	68.9	125	7.0	31.1	57	3.2	2010
Georgia	187	4.3	75.7	142	3.3	24.3	45	1.0	2010
Germany	782	0.9	54.3	425	1.0	45.7	357	0.9	2020
Ghana	1,537	6.1	63.8	981	3.9	36.2	556	2.2	2011
Greece	184	1.7	93.4	172	1.6	6.6	12	0.1	2010
Grenada	14	13.3	64.3	9	8.6	35.7	5	4.7	2010
Guadeloupe	36	7.9	84.2	30	6.7	15.8	6	1.2	2010
Guatemala	6,025	39.9	88.9	5,356	35.5	11.1	669	4.4	2010
Guinea	1,018	8.9	69.4	706	6.2	30.6	312	2.7	2010
Guinea-Bissau	140	8.4	70.6	99	5.9	29.4	41	2.5	2012
Guyana	135	17.0	60.0	81	10.2	40.0	54	6.8	2008
Haiti	1,033	10.2	78.4	810	8.0	21.6	223	2.2	2012
Honduras	7,172	90.4	93.2	6,684	84.3	6.8	488	6.1	2010
Hungary	80	0.8	51.2	41	0.9	48.8	39	0.8	2020
Iceland	1	0.3	0.0	0	0.0	100.0	1	0.3	2010
India	43,355	3.5	59.2	25,666	2.1	40.8	17,689	1.4	2012
Indonesia	1,456	0.6	80.3	1,169	0.5	19.7	287	0.1	2010
Iran	3,126	4.1	81.9	2,560	3.4	18.1	566	0.7	2010
Iraq	2,628	8.0	68.3	1,795	5.5	31.7	833	2.5	2010
Ireland	54	1.2	86.7	47	1.0	13.3	7	0.2	2012
Israel	134	1.8	72.8	98	1.3	27.2	36	0.5	2010
Italy	530	0.9	69.9	370	0.6	30.1	160	0.3	2011
Ivory Coast	2,691	13.6	76.0	2,045	10.3	24.0	646	3.3	2010
Jamaica	1,087	39.3	89.5	973	35.2	10.5	114	4.1	2010
Japan	318	0.3	41.2	131	0.2	58.8	187	0.3	2020
Jordan	133	2.0	76.6	102	1.5	23.4	31	0.5	2010
Kazakhstan	1,263	7.8	82.1	1,037	6.4	17.9	226	1.4	2010
Kenya	2,761	6.4	76.6	2,115	4.9	23.4	646	1.5	2010
Kiribati	8	8.2	69.4	6	5.7	30.6	2	2.5	2012
Kuwait	12	0.4	83.6	10	0.3	16.4	2	0.1	2010
Kyrgyzstan	494	9.1	68.7	339	6.3	31.3	155	2.8	2012
Laos	392	5.9	79.4	311	4.7	20.6	81	1.2	2011
Latvia	97	4.7	49.0	48	2.3	51.0	49	2.4	2010
Lebanon	95	2.2	79.5	76	1.7	20.5	19	0.5	2012
Lesotho	764	38.0	74.0	565	28.1	26.0	199	9.9	2010
Liberia	135	3.2	70.1	95	2.2	29.9	40	1.0	2009
Libya	103	1.7	76.8	79	1.3	23.2	24	0.4	2010
Lithuania	202	6.7	73.8	149	4.9	26.2	53	1.8	2010
Luxembourg	4	0.8	100.0	4	0.8	0.0	0	0.0	2011
Macedonia	30	1.4	86.7	26	1.2	13.3	4	0.2	2010
Madagascar	2,465	11.1	71.6	1,765	7.9	28.4	700	3.2	2010
Malawi	279	1.8	87.5	244	1.6	12.5	35	0.2	2010
Malaysia	652	2.3	72.6	473	1.7	27.4	179	0.6	2009
Maldives	13	3.9	63.3	8	2.5	36.7	5	1.4	2010
Mali	1,119	7.5	65.0	727	4.9	35.0	392	2.6	2012
Malta	12	2.8	75.0	9	2.1	25.0	3	0.7	2011
Marshall Islands	2	4.7	81.3	2	3.8	18.7	0	0.9	2012
Martinique	11	2.7	72.7	8	2.0	27.3	3	0.7	2010
Mauritania	191	5.0	68.9	132	3.4	31.1	59	1.6	2010
Mauritius	34	2.8	76.5	26	2.1	23.5	8	0.7	2010
Mexico	26,037	21.5	89.3	23,251	19.2	10.7	2,786	2.3	2012
Micronesia	5	4.6	74.2	4	3.4	25.8	1	1.2	2008
Moldova	229	6.5	72.5	166	4.7	27.5	63	1.8	2011
Mongolia	266	9.7	77.4	206	7.5	22.6	60	2.2	2010
Montenegro	17	2.7	82.4	14	2.2	17.6	3	0.5	2012
Montserrat	1	20.4	100.0	1	20.4	0.0	0	0.0	2010
Morocco	704	2.2	87.8	618	1.9	12.2	86	0.3	2010
Mozambique	3,133	12.4	75.8	2,375	9.4	24.2	758	3.0	2010
Namibia	388	17.2	76.3	296	13.1	23.7	92	4.1	2008
Nepal	786	2.9	77.3	608	2.2	22.7	178	0.7	2010
Netherlands	145	0.9	65.0	94	0.6	35.0	51	0.3	2012
New Zealand	41	0.9	48.8	20	0.4	51.2	21	0.5	2010
Nicaragua	675	11.3	92.6	625	10.5	7.4	50	0.8	2010
Niger	803	4.7	66.1	531	3.1	33.9	272	1.6	2010
Nigeria	33,817	20.0	68.2	23,063	13.6	31.8	10,754	6.4	2010
Norway	111	2.2	53.2	59	1.2	46.8	52	1.0	2010
Oman	34	1.1	73.3	25	0.8	26.7	9	0.3	2010
Pakistan	13,846	7.7	76.7	10,620	5.9	23.3	3,226	1.8	2010
Panama	654	17.2	94.6	619	16.3	5.4	35	0.9	2009
Papua New Guinea	713	10.4	73.7	525	7.7	26.3	188	2.7	2010
Paraguay	649	9.7	88.8	576	8.6	11.2	73	1.1	2009
Peru	2,865	9.6	78.1	2,238	7.5	21.9	627	2.1	2010
Philippines	8,484	8.8	88.0	7,466	7.7	12.0	1,018	1.1	2011
Poland	449	1.2	73.2	329	0.9	26.8	120	0.3	2010
Portugal	122	1.2	70.2	86	0.8	29.8	36	0.4	2011
Puerto Rico	978	26.5	94.1	920	24.9	5.9	58	1.6	2010
Qatar	23	1.1	81.9	19	0.9	18.1	4	0.2	2010
Réunion	15	1.8	75.0	11	1.4	25.0	4	0.5	2010
Romania	378	1.7	62.5	236	1.1	37.5	142	0.6	2010
Russia	13,120	9.2	75.5	9,906	6.9	24.5	3,214	2.3	2012
Rwanda	2,648	23.1	70.9	1,877	16.4	29.1	771	6.7	2012
Saint Kitts and Nevis	18	33.6	90.5	16	30.4	9.5	2	3.2	2011
Saint Lucia	39	21.6	79.7	31	17.2	20.3	8	4.4	2008
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	28	25.6	88.0	25	22.5	12.0	3	3.1	2010
Samoa	7	3.6	81.2	6	2.9	18.8	1	0.7	2010
São Tomé and Príncipe	6	3.3	74.6	4	2.5	25.4	2	0.8	2010
Saudi Arabia	234	0.8	66.7	156	0.5	33.3	78	0.3	2011
Senegal	379	2.8	74.8	283	2.1	25.2	96	0.7	2010
Serbia	111	1.2	64.9	72	0.8	35.1	39	0.4	2010
Seychelles	9	9.5	79.3	7	7.5	20.7	2	2.0	2010
Sierra Leone	113	1.9	76.8	87	1.5	23.2	26	0.4	2012
Singapore	11	0.2	62.5	7	0.1	37.5	4	0.1	2010
Slovakia	75	1.4	68.0	51	1.0	32.0	24	0.4	2011
Slovenia	14	0.7	57.1	8	0.4	42.9	6	0.3	2010
Solomon Islands	24	4.3	74.8	18	3.2	25.2	6	1.1	2010
Somalia	819	8.0	73.9	605	5.9	26.1	214	2.1	2012
South Africa	16,259	31.0	84.6	13,755	26.2	15.4	2,504	4.8	2009
South Korea	302	0.6	54.3	164	0.6	45.7	138	0.5	2020
South Sudan	1,504	13.9	82.5	1,241	11.5	17.5	263	2.4	1994
Spain	364	0.8	65.7	239	0.5	34.3	125	0.3	2009
Sri Lanka	707	3.4	84.8	600	2.9	15.2	107	0.5	2012
State of Palestine	312	7.4	87.6	273	6.5	12.4	39	0.9	2010
Sudan	4,159	11.2	85.3	3,548	9.6	14.7	611	1.6	2011
Suriname	33	6.1	75.3	25	4.6	24.7	8	1.5	2010
Swaziland	416	33.8	77.9	324	26.3	22.1	92	7.5	2011
Sweden	68	0.7	68.1	46	0.5	31.9	22	0.2	2010
Switzerland	47	0.5	42.6	20	0.5	57.4	27	0.6	2020
Syria	463	2.2	84.0	389	1.8	16.0	74	0.4	2010
Taiwan	686	3.0	86.6	594	2.6	13.4	92	0.4	2009
Tajikistan	126	1.6	86.5	109	1.4	13.5	17	0.2	2010
Tanzania	6,071	12.7	73.0	4,432	9.3	27.0	1,639	3.4	2010
Thailand	3,307	5.0	87.7	2,900	4.4	12.3	407	0.6	2007
Togo	684	10.3	71.5	489	7.4	28.5	195	2.9	2010
Tonga	1	1.0	0.0	0	0.0	100.0	1	1.0	2010
Trinidad and Tobago	379	28.3	91.7	348	26.0	8.3	31	2.3	2010
Tunisia	235	2.2	77.0	181	1.7	23.0	54	0.5	2010
Turkey	1,866	2.6	79.5	1,483	2.1	20.5	383	0.5	2011
Turkmenistan	660	12.8	83.8	553	10.7	16.2	107	2.1	2010
Turks and Caicos Islands	2	6.6	100.0	2	6.6	0.0	0	0.0	2010
Uganda	3,753	10.7	86.2	3,235	9.2	13.8	518	1.5	2010
Ukraine	1,988	4.3	68.6	1,364	2.9	31.4	624	1.4	2009
United Arab Emirates	235	2.6	86.8	204	2.3	13.2	31	0.3	2012
United Kingdom	653	1.0	70.3	459	0.7	29.7	194	0.3	2012
United States	21,570	7.8	82	17687	6.4	18	3883	1.4	2020^[7]^[8]
US Virgin Islands	56	52.6	87.5	49	46.0	12.5	7	6.6	2010
Uruguay	267	7.9	79.4	212	6.3	20.6	55	1.6	2010
Uzbekistan	1,060	3.7	82.4	873	3.0	17.6	187	0.7	2010
Vanuatu	7	2.9	72.0	5	2.1	28.0	2	0.8	2011
Venezuela	16,072	53.7	91.9	14,770	49.4	8.1	1,302	4.3	2010
Vietnam	3,037	3.3	71.5	2,171	2.4	28.5	866	0.9	2011
Yemen	1,099	4.8	79.5	874	3.8	20.5	225	1.0	2012
Zambia	1,501	10.7	77.8	1,168	8.3	22.2	333	2.4	2011
Zimbabwe	1,450	10.6	71.8	1,041	7.6	28.2	409	3.0	2010
World	436,621		78.7	343,582		21.3	93,033

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Crime in Japan has been recorded since at least the 1800s, and has varied over time.

Law enforcement in Japan is provided mainly by prefectural police under the oversight of the National Police Agency. The National Police Agency is administered by the National Public Safety Commission, ensuring that Japan's police are an apolitical body and free of direct central government executive control. They are checked by an independent judiciary and monitored by a free and active press.

Crime has been recorded in the United States since its founding and has fluctuated significantly over time, with a sharp rise after 1900 and reaching a broad bulging peak between the 1970s and early 1990s. After 1992, crime rates have generally trended downwards each year, with the exceptions of a slight increase in property crimes in 2001 and increases in violent crimes in 2005-2006, 2014-2016 and 2020-2021. While official federal crime data beginning in 2021 has a wide margin of error due to the incomplete adoption of the National Incident-Based Reporting System by government agencies, federal data for 2020-2021 and limited data from select U.S. cities collected by the nonpartisan Council on Criminal Justice showed significantly elevated rates of homicide and motor vehicle theft in 2020-2022. Although overall crime rates have fallen far below the peak of crime seen in the United States during the late 1980s and early 1990s, the homicide rate in the U.S. has remained high, relative to other "high income"/developed nations, with eight major U.S. cities ranked among the 50 cities with the highest homicide rate in the world in 2022. The aggregate cost of crime in the United States is significant, with an estimated value of $4.9 trillion reported in 2021. Data from the first half of 2023, from government and private sector sources show that the murder rate has dropped, as much as 12% in as many as 90 cities across the United States. The drop in homicide rates is not uniform across the country however, with some cities such as Memphis, TN, showing an uptick in murder rates.

Gun-related violence is violence committed with the use of a firearm. Gun-related violence may or may not be considered criminal. Criminal violence includes homicide, assault with a deadly weapon, and suicide, or attempted suicide, depending on jurisdiction. Non-criminal violence includes accidental or unintentional injury and death. Also generally included in gun violence statistics are military or para-military activities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crime and violence in Latin America</span> Crime information

Crime and violence affect the lives of millions of people in Latin America. Some consider social inequality to be a major contributing factor to levels of violence in Latin America, where the state fails to prevent crime and organized crime takes over State control in areas where the State is unable to assist the society such as in impoverished communities. In the years following the transitions from authoritarianism to democracy, crime and violence have become major problems in Latin America. The region experienced more than 2.5 million murders between 2000 and 2017. Several studies indicated the existence of an epidemic in the region; the Pan American Health Organization called violence in Latin America "the social pandemic of the 20th century." Apart from the direct human cost, the rise in crime and violence has imposed significant social costs and has made much more difficult the processes of economic and social development, democratic consolidation and regional integration in the Americas.

Crime in Poland refers to the incidence, deterrence, and handling of criminal activity in the Republic of Poland by Polish law enforcement agencies charged with ensuring public safety and maintaining order. Poland ranks favorably in terms of public safety, with one of the lowest homicide rates in Europe. Poland was ranked 25^th in the 2022 Global Peace Index and scored 0.0 on the 2023 Global Terrorism Index.

Crime in Paraguay has increased in recent years with criminals often targeting those thought to be wealthy. Although most crime in Paraguay is nonviolent, there has been an increase in the use of weapons and there have been incidents where extreme violence has been used.

Some areas of Jamaica, particularly population centers such as Kingston, Montego Bay and Spanish Town, experience high levels of crime and violence. Jamaica has had one of the highest intentional homicide rates in the world for many years, according to United Nations estimates. Former Prime Minister P. J. Patterson described the situation as "a national challenge of unprecedented proportions".

Figures on crime in London are based primarily on two sets of statistics: the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) and police recorded crime data. Greater London is generally served by three police forces; the Metropolitan Police which is responsible for policing the vast majority of the capital, the City of London Police which is responsible for The Square Mile of the City of London and the British Transport Police, which polices the national rail network and the London Underground. A fourth police force in London, the Ministry of Defence Police, do not generally become involved with policing the general public. London also has a number of small constabularies for policing parks. Within the Home Office crime statistic publications, Greater London is referred to as the London Region.

Colombia has a high crime rate due to being a center for the cultivation and trafficking of cocaine. The Colombian conflict began in the mid-1960s and is a low-intensity conflict between Colombian governments, paramilitary groups, crime syndicates, and left-wing guerrillas such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), and the National Liberation Army (ELN), fighting each other to increase their influence in Colombian territory. Two of the most important international actors that have contributed to the Colombian conflict are multinational companies and the United States.

Crime is present in various forms in the Philippines, and remains a serious issue throughout the country. Illegal drug trade, human trafficking, arms trafficking, murder, corruption and domestic violence remain significant concerns.

Sustainable Development Goal 16 is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations in 2015, the official wording is: "Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels". The Goal has 12 targets and 23 indicators.

References

1 2 3 Gibbons, Jonathan (2013). "Global Study on Homicide" (PDF). www.unodc.org. United National Office of Drugs and Crime (Vienna).
1 2 UNDOC Homicide Statistics 2013 used tables: Homicide counts and rates & Percentage of male and female homicide victims Retrieved May-31-2014
↑ "dp-intentional-homicide-victims | dataUNODC". dataunodc.un.org. Retrieved 2023-05-05.
↑ http://bhas.gov.ba/data/Publikacije/Bilteni/2019/NUM_00_2018_TB_0_BS.pdf ^{[ bare URL PDF ]}
↑ "Homicide in Canada, 2021". Statistics Canada. 2022. Retrieved 2023-04-08.
↑ "Novi list". 19 November 2018.
↑ "Vital Statistics". CDC. 2023. Retrieved 2023-04-08.
↑ "Pew Research Center". Pew Research Center. 2021. Retrieved 2023-04-08.

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[:0-1] 1 2 3 Gibbons, Jonathan (2013). "Global Study on Homicide" (PDF). www.unodc.org. United National Office of Drugs and Crime (Vienna).

[UNDOC1-2] 1 2 UNDOC Homicide Statistics 2013 used tables: Homicide counts and rates & Percentage of male and female homicide victims Retrieved May-31-2014

[3] "dp-intentional-homicide-victims | dataUNODC". dataunodc.un.org. Retrieved 2023-05-05.

[4] ttp://bhas.gov.ba/data/Publikacije/Bilteni/2019/NUM_00_2018_TB_0_BS.pdf ^{[ bare URL PDF ]}

[5] "Homicide in Canada, 2021". Statistics Canada. 2022. Retrieved 2023-04-08.

[6] "Novi list". 19 November 2018.

[7] "Vital Statistics". CDC. 2023. Retrieved 2023-04-08.

[8] "Pew Research Center". Pew Research Center. 2021. Retrieved 2023-04-08.

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Homicide statistics by gender

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