Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated way to decrease,maintain,or increase body weight,or to prevent and treat diseases such as diabetes and obesity. As weight loss depends on calorie intake,different kinds of calorie-reduced diets,such as those emphasising particular macronutrients,have been shown to be no more effective than one another. As weight regain is common,diet success is best predicted by long-term adherence. Regardless,the outcome of a diet can vary widely depending on the individual.
"Junk food" is a term used to describe food that is high in calories from sugar and/or fat,and possibly also sodium,but with little dietary fiber,protein,vitamins,minerals,or other important forms of nutritional value. It is also known as HFSS food. The term junk food is a pejorative dating back to the 1950s.
The Atkins diet is a low-carbohydrate fad diet devised by Robert Atkins in the 1970s,marketed with claims that carbohydrate restriction is crucial to weight loss and that the diet offered "a high calorie way to stay thin forever".
JoséRivera is a member of the New York State Assembly,representing the Fordham-Bedford,Kingsbridge Heights,Bedford Park,and Belmont sections of the Bronx. He is a Democrat.
The New York City Department of Education (NYCDOE) is the department of the government of New York City that manages the city's public school system. The City School District of the City of New York is the largest school system in the United States,with over 1.1 million students taught in more than 1,800 separate schools. The department covers all five boroughs of New York City,and has an annual budget of $38 billion.The department is run by the Panel for Educational Policy and New York City Schools Chancellor. The current chancellor is David C. Banks.
University Heights is a neighborhood of the West Bronx in New York City. Its boundaries,starting from the north and moving clockwise,are:West Fordham Road to the north,Jerome Avenue to the east,West Burnside Avenue to the south and the Harlem River to the west. University Avenue is the primary thoroughfare in University Heights.
Félix W. Ortiz is an American politician,formerly representing New York's 51st Assembly District. He is a Democrat and served as Assistant Speaker of the New York State Assembly.
A fat tax is a tax or surcharge that is placed upon fattening food,beverages or on overweight individuals. It is considered an example of Pigovian taxation. A fat tax aims to discourage unhealthy diets and offset the economic costs of obesity.
David S. Yassky is an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the New York City Council from 2002 until 2009,the chairperson of the New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission,and the Dean of Pace University School of Law from April 2014 to April 2018.
Rubén Díaz Jr. is an American politician who served as the 13th borough president of The Bronx in New York City from 2009 to 2021. He was elected in April 2009 and reelected in 2013 and 2017. He previously served in the New York State Assembly.
Jeffrey Dinowitz is an American politician who represents District 81 in the New York State Assembly,which comprises Kingsbridge,Marble Hill,Norwood,Riverdale,Van Cortlandt Village,Wakefield,and Woodlawn Heights. Dinowitz has served in the New York State Assembly since 1994.
Gary Taubes is an American journalist,writer,and low-carbohydrate / high-fat (LCHF) diet advocate. His central claim is that carbohydrates,especially sugar and high-fructose corn syrup,overstimulate the secretion of insulin,causing the body to store fat in fat cells and the liver,and that it is primarily a high level of dietary carbohydrate consumption that accounts for obesity and other metabolic syndrome conditions. He is the author of Nobel Dreams (1987);Bad Science:The Short Life and Weird Times of Cold Fusion (1993);Good Calories,Bad Calories (2007),titled The Diet Delusion (2008) in the UK and Australia;Why We Get Fat:And What to Do About It (2010);The Case Against Sugar (2016);and The Case for Keto:Rethinking Weight Control and the Science and Practice of Low-Carb/High-Fat Eating (2020). Taubes's work often goes against accepted scientific,governmental,and popular tenets such as that obesity is caused by eating too much and exercising too little and that excessive consumption of fat,especially saturated fat in animal products,leads to cardiovascular disease.
The 2009 New York City Public Advocateelection took place on Tuesday,November 3,2009,along with elections for the mayor,the city comptroller,borough presidents,and members of the New York City Council. The Democratic candidate,Bill de Blasio,won election with 77% of the vote against 18% for the Republican nominee,Alex Zablocki,3.6% for the Conservative nominee,William Lee,and 1.7% for two others.
Fernando Cabrera is an American politician in the Bronx,New York. A Democrat,he formerly represented the 14th district in the New York City Council,including the neighborhoods of Claremont Village,Fordham,Kingsbridge,Marble Hill,Morris Heights,Mount Eden,Mount Hope,and University Heights.
Good Calories,Bad Calories:Fats,Carbs,and the Controversial Science of Diet and Health is a 2007 book by science journalist Gary Taubes. Taubes argues that the last few decades of dietary advice promoting low-fat diets has been consistently incorrect. Taubes contends that carbohydrates,specifically refined carbohydrates like white flour,sugar,and starches,contribute to obesity,diabetes,heart disease,and other ailments. Taubes posits a causal link between carbohydrates and cancer,as well.
Gustavo Rivera is a New York state senator representing the 33rd Senate District,covering the Bronx neighborhoods of Kingsbridge Heights,Kingsbridge,Fordham,University Heights,Van Nest,Tremont,East Tremont,and parts of Morrisania and Parkchester. First elected in 2010,Rivera is a Democrat.
Robert H. Lustig is an American pediatric endocrinologist. He is Professor emeritus of Pediatrics in the Division of Endocrinology at the University of California,San Francisco (UCSF),where he specialized in neuroendocrinology and childhood obesity. He is also director of UCSF's WATCH program,and president and co-founder of the non-profit Institute for Responsible Nutrition.
Criticism of fast food includes claims of negative health effects,animal cruelty,cases of worker exploitation,children targeted marketing and claims of cultural degradation via shifts in people's eating patterns away from traditional foods. Fast food chains have come under fire from consumer groups,such as the Center for Science in the Public Interest,a longtime fast food critic over issues such as caloric content,trans fats and portion sizes. Social scientists have highlighted how the prominence of fast food narratives in popular urban legends suggests that modern consumers have an ambivalent relationship with fast food,particularly in relation to children.
"A calorie is a calorie" is a tautology used to convey the thermodynamic concept that a "calorie" is a sufficient way to describe the energy content of food.
New York City's 15th City Council district is one of 51 districts in the New York City Council. It has been represented by Democrat Oswald Feliz since a 2021 special election to succeed fellow Democrat Ritchie Torres.
