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In logic and computer science, the Boolean satisfiability problem (sometimes called propositional satisfiability problem and abbreviated SATISFIABILITY, SAT or B-SAT) is the problem of determining if there exists an interpretation that satisfies a given Boolean formula. In other words, it asks whether the variables of a given Boolean formula can be consistently replaced by the values TRUE or FALSE in such a way that the formula evaluates to TRUE. If this is the case, the formula is called satisfiable. On the other hand, if no such assignment exists, the function expressed by the formula is FALSE for all possible variable assignments and the formula is unsatisfiable. For example, the formula "a AND NOT b" is satisfiable because one can find the values a = TRUE and b = FALSE, which make (a AND NOT b) = TRUE. In contrast, "a AND NOT a" is unsatisfiable.
Stephen Arthur Cook is an American-Canadian computer scientist and mathematician who has made significant contributions to the fields of complexity theory and proof complexity. He is a university professor emeritus at the University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science and Department of Mathematics.
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In computer science and mathematical logic, satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) is the problem of determining whether a mathematical formula is satisfiable. It generalizes the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) to more complex formulas involving real numbers, integers, and/or various data structures such as lists, arrays, bit vectors, and strings. The name is derived from the fact that these expressions are interpreted within ("modulo") a certain formal theory in first-order logic with equality. SMT solvers are tools that aim to solve the SMT problem for a practical subset of inputs. SMT solvers such as Z3 and cvc5 have been used as a building block for a wide range of applications across computer science, including in automated theorem proving, program analysis, program verification, and software testing.
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In computer science and formal methods, a SAT solver is a computer program which aims to solve the Boolean satisfiability problem. On input a formula over Boolean variables, such as "(x or y) and (x or not y)", a SAT solver outputs whether the formula is satisfiable, meaning that there are possible values of x and y which make the formula true, or unsatisfiable, meaning that there are no such values of x and y. In this case, the formula is satisfiable when x is true, so the solver should return "satisfiable". Since the introduction of algorithms for SAT in the 1960s, modern SAT solvers have grown into complex software artifacts involving a large number of heuristics and program optimizations to work efficiently.
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In computer science, conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) is an algorithm for solving the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT). Given a Boolean formula, the SAT problem asks for an assignment of variables so that the entire formula evaluates to true. The internal workings of CDCL SAT solvers were inspired by DPLL solvers. The main difference between CDCL and DPLL is that CDCL's backjumping is non-chronological.
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Ofer Strichman is a professor of computational logic and computer science at the Davidson Industrial Engineering and Management, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. He holds the Joseph Gruenblat chair in production engineering.
Kenneth L. McMillan is an American computer scientist working in the area of formal methods, logic, and programming languages. He is a professor in the computer science department at the University of Texas at Austin, where he holds the Admiral B.R. Inman Centennial Chair in Computing Theory.
Sharad Malik is an Indian-American computer scientist working in formal methods, electronic design automation, and computer architecture. He is currently the George Van Ness Lothrop Professor of Engineering in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Princeton University.
Igor Leonidovich Markov is an American professor, computer scientist and engineer. Markov is known for mathematical and algorithmic results in quantum computation, work on limits of computation, research on algorithms for optimizing integrated circuits and on electronic design automation, as well as artificial intelligence. Additionally, Markov is a California non-profit executive responsible for aid to Ukraine worth tens of millions dollars.
References
- ↑ "Professor Karem Sakllah". University of Michigan Department of EECS. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
- ↑ "Talk by Karem Sakallah: Faster Symmetry Discovery using Sparsity of Symmetries". Microsoft Corp. February 27, 2009. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
- ↑ "Visiting Researcher: Karen Sakallah". Simons Inst for the Theory of Computing. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
- ↑ "Fellows directory". IEEE. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
- ↑ "CAV award". International Conference on Computer-Aided Verification. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
- ↑ "Award recipients: Karem Sakallah". ACM. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
- ↑ List of fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
- ↑ "Karem Sakallah Continues Commitment to Qatar Computing Research Institute". Computer Science and Engineering School, University of Michigan. 3 February 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
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