Kilusang Bagong Lipunan

Last updated

New Society Movement
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan
PresidentEfren "Rambo" Rafanan
Chairman Imelda Marcos (emerita)
Secretary-GeneralJoeme Erroba
Founder Ferdinand Marcos Sr.
FoundedFebruary 1978;46 years ago (1978-02)
Split from Nacionalista
Liberal
Headquarters3rd Floor Narsan Bldg. West 4th, Brgy. West Triangle, Quezon City Quezon City
Ideology Conservatism [1] [2] [3] [4]
Anti-communism [5] [4]
Libertarianism [6] [ verification needed ]
Historical:
Authoritarianism
Political position Right-wing [7]
National affiliation UniTeam
Colors  Blue,   white,   red, and   yellow
Seats in the Senate
0 / 24
Seats in the House of Representatives
0 / 316
Provincial governorships
1 / 81

The New Society Movement (Filipino : Kilusang Bagong Lipunan, KBL), formerly named the New Society Movement of United Nationalists, Liberals, et cetera (Filipino : Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, KBLNNL), is a right-wing [7] [8] political party in the Philippines. It was first formed in 1978 as an umbrella coalition of parties supporting then-President Ferdinand E. Marcos for the Interim Batasang Pambansa (the unicameral parliament) and was his political vehicle during his 20-year regime. [9] It was reorganized as a political party in 1986, [10] and is the furthest to the right of the political spectrum among active parties after Marcos' ouster. [10]

Contents

Since 1986, the KBL has contested in most of the national and local elections in the Philippines, but retained a single seat in the House of Representatives in Ilocos Norte, which was held by former First Lady Imelda Marcos until 2019.

Establishment and ideology

The ideological roots of the "Bagong Lipunan" ("new society") concept can be traced to one Marcos' rationalizations for the declaration of Martial Law in September we 1972. [11] : "66"  In his rhetoric, Marcos contended that a system of "constitutional authoritarianism" was necessary in order to "reform society" and create a "new society" under his authority. [11] : "29"  [12] [13]

Six years after the declaration of Martial Law, Marcos adopted this rhetoric and used the phrase as the name of the umbrella coalition of administration parties running in the 1978 Philippine parliamentary election. [9] The coalition retained the name when it was reorganized as a political party in 1986.

Splinter factions after the People Power Revolution

After the 1986 People Power Revolution ended Ferdinand Marcos' 21 years in power, he, his family and key followers fled to Hawaii. Marcos' party machinery quickly began to break into numerous factions, the most successful of which were Blas Ople's Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas, a reorganized Nacionalista Party led by Rafael Palmares and Renato Cayetano after the death of Senator Jose Roy, and a reorganized Kilusang Bagong Lipunan led by Nicanor Yñiguez. [14] [15]

By the time of the 1987 Philippine constitutional plebiscite, the reconstituted KBL under Yñiguez as the party furthest to the right among the rightwing political parties of the mid-1980s [10] - remaining loyal to Marcos' authoritarian ideology in contrast to the Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas, which took a conservative centrist stance, and the Palmares wing of the Nacionalista party and the Kalaw wing of the Liberal Party took center-right stances. [14]

2009 Party division

Former logo of KBL Logo of Kilusang Bagong Lipunan.svg
Former logo of KBL

On November 20, 2009, the KBL forged an alliance with the Nacionalista Party (NP) between Bongbong Marcos and NP Chairman Senator Manny Villar at the Laurel House in Mandaluyong. [16] [ failed verification ] Bongbong was later on removed as a member by the KBL National Executive Committee on November 29. [17] As such, the NP broke its alliance with the KBL due to internal conflicts within the party, though Marcos remained part of the NP Senatorial line-up. [16] [ failed verification ]

Candidates for the 2010 Philippine general election

Notable members

Past

Present

Electoral performance

Presidential and vice presidential elections

YearPresidential electionVice presidential election
CandidateVote shareResultCandidateVote shareResult
1981 Ferdinand Marcos
88.02%
 Ferdinand Marcos
(KBL)		Vice presidency abolished
1986 Ferdinand Marcos
53.62%
Disputed
See article for details		 Arturo Tolentino
50.65%
Disputed
See article for details
1992 Imelda Marcos
10.32%
 Fidel Ramos
(Lakas–NUCD)		 Vicente Magsaysay
3.43%
 Joseph Estrada
(NPC)
1998 Imelda Marcos Withdraw Joseph Estrada
(LAMMP–PMP)		None [n 1] Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
(Lakas–CMD)
None [n 2]
2004 None [n 3] Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
(Lakas–CMD)		None [n 4] Noli de Castro
(Independent)
2010 Vetallano Acosta [n 5]
0.48%
 Benigno Aquino III
(Liberal)		 Jay Sonza
0.18%
 Jejomar Binay
(PDP–Laban)
2016 None [n 6] Rodrigo Duterte
(PDP–Laban)		None [n 7] Leni Robredo
(Liberal)
2022 None [n 8] Bongbong Marcos
(Partido Federal)		None [n 9] Sara Z. Duterte
(Lakas)

Legislative elections

Interim Batasang Pambansa
YearSeats wonResultSenate abolished
1978
150 / 179
KBL majority
Regular Batasang Pambansa
YearSeats wonResultSenate abolished
1984
110 / 197
KBL majority
Congress of the Philippines
YearSeats wonResultYearSeats wonTicketResult
1987
11 / 200
 Lakas ng Bansa / PDP–Laban plurality 1987
0 / 24
Split ticket LABAN win 22/24 seats
1992
3 / 200
 LDP plurality 1992
0 / 24
Single party ticket LDP win 16/24 seats
1995
1 / 204
 Lakas / LDP majority 1995
0 / 12
 Nationalist People's Coalition ticket Lakas-Laban Coalition win 9/12 seats
1998
0 / 258
Lakas plurality 1998 Not
participating		 LAMMP win 7/12 seats
2001 Not
participating		Lakas plurality 2001
0 / 13
Single party ticket People Power Coalition win 8/13 seats
2004
1 / 261
Lakas plurality 2004
0 / 12
Single party ticket K4 win 7/12 seats
2007
1 / 270
Lakas plurality 2007
0 / 12
Single party ticket Genuine Opposition win 8/12 seats
2010
1 / 286
Lakas plurality 2010
0 / 12
Single party ticket Liberal Party win 4/12 seats
2013
1 / 292
 Liberal Party plurality 2013 Not
participating		 Team PNoy win 9/12 seats
2016
0 / 297
Liberal Party plurality 2016
0 / 12
Single party ticket Koalisyon ng Daang Matuwid win 7/12 seats
2019
0 / 304
 PDP–Laban plurality 2019
0 / 12
Single party ticket Hugpong ng Pagbabago win 9/12 seats
2022
0 / 316
PDP-Laban plurality 2022
0 / 12
 UniTeam ticketUniTeam win 6/12 seats
  1. ↑ Endorsed the candidacy of Edgardo Angara of LDP–PMP who lost.
  2. ↑ Endorsed the candidacy of Joseph Estrada of LAMMP–PMP who won.
  3. ↑ Endorsed the candidacy of Fernando Poe Jr. of KNP who lost.
  4. ↑ Endorsed the candidacy of Loren Legarda of KNP who lost.
  5. ↑ Acosta was disqualified from the presidential race.
  6. ↑ Endorsed the candidacy of Miriam Defensor Santiago of PRP who lost.
  7. ↑ Endorsed the candidacy of Bongbong Marcos an Independent who lost.
  8. ↑ Endorsed the candidacy of Bongbong Marcos of Partido Federal ng Pilipinas who won.
  9. ↑ Endorsed the candidacy of Sara Duterte of Lakas–CMD who won.

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References

  1. ↑ Celoza, A. (1997). Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism . Connecticut, USA: Praeger Publishers.[ need quotation to verify ]
  2. ↑ Timberman, D. (1991) A Changeless Land: Continuity and Change in Philippine Politics: Continuity and Change in Philippine Politics . USA: Taylor and Francis.[ verification needed ]
  3. ↑ Bello, Madge; Reyes, Vincent (1986). "Filipino Americans and the Marcos Overthrow: The Transformation of Political Consciousness". Amerasia Journal. 13: 73–83. doi:10.17953/amer.13.1.21h54l86268n023n.[ need quotation to verify ]
  4. 1 2 Pinches, Michael (1997). "Elite democracy, development and people power: Contending ideologies and changing practices in Philippine politics". Asian Studies Review. 21 (2–3): 104–120. doi:10.1080/03147539708713166.
  5. ↑ Celoza, A. (1997). Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism . Connecticut, USA: Praeger Publishers.
  6. ↑ Landé, Carl (1996). Post-Marcos Politics: A Geographical and Statistical Analysis of the 1992 Presidential Election. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 37.
  7. 1 2 Derbyshire, J. Denis (1991). Political Systems Of The World. Allied Publishers. p. 120.[ need quotation to verify ]
  8. ↑ Griffin, Roger (1990). The Nature of Fascism. St. Martin's Press. p. 37.[ need quotation to verify ]
  9. 1 2 "Philippines - Local government". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
  10. 1 2 3 Villegas, Bernardo M. (February 1, 1958). "The Philippines in 1986: Democratic Reconstruction in the Post-Marcos Era". Asian Survey. 27 (2): 194–205. doi:10.2307/2644614. ISSN   0004-4687. JSTOR   2644614. Finally, at the extreme right is the reorganized Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) under Nicanor Yniguez, which remains loyal to Marcos.
  11. 1 2 Brillantes, Alex B. Jr. (1987). Dictatorship & martial law : Philippine authoritarianism in 1972. Quezon City, Philippines: University of the Philippines Diliman School of Public Administration. ISBN   978-9718567012.
  12. ↑ Navera, G.S. (2019). "Metaphorizing Martial Law: Constitutional Authoritarianism in Marcos's Rhetoric (1972–1985)". Philippine Studies. 66 (4).
  13. ↑ Beltran, J. C. A.; Chingkaw, Sean S. (October 20, 2016). "On the shadows of tyranny". The Guidon. Retrieved June 20, 2020.
  14. 1 2 Villegas, Bernardo M. (February 1, 1958). "The Philippines in 1986: Democratic Reconstruction in the Post-Marcos Era". Asian Survey. 27 (2): 194–205. doi:10.2307/2644614. ISSN   0004-4687. JSTOR   2644614.
  15. ↑ Kimura, Masataka (December 1989). "The Revolution and Realigntnent of Political Parties in the Philippines (December 1985-January 1988): With a Case in the Province of Batangas" (PDF). Southeast Asian Studies. 27 (3): 352–379.
  16. 1 2 "Feed a hungry child this Christmas". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 8, 2013. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Filing of COCs at Comelec on Day 4". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on September 9, 2012. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
  18. ↑ Editorial (May 31, 2018). "Revising history — yet again". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
  19. ↑ "Impeachment lawyer blasts 'yellow virus', denies he wants gov't post". ABS-CBN News. October 24, 2017. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
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