This is a list of films produced in the Spanish Revolution. In the Spanish Revolution, the film industry was collectivized by the CNT and FAI. Between July 1936 and June 1937, 84 films were produced by SIE Films, FRIEP and Spartacus Films. [1] Only about 40 films have been preserved and not all them are complete.
Title | Duration | Year | Director | Producer | Summary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aurora de esperanza | 60' | 1937 | Antonio Sau | SIE Films | Drama about the economic situation of the working-class and the start of the social revolution. |
Barrios bajos | 94' | 1937 | Pedro Puche | SIE Films | Drama regarding prostitution of low class women. |
Liberación | ? | 1937 | Joseph Amich i Bert | SIE Films | Lost film. |
¡No quiero... no quiero! | 110' | 1938 | Francisco Elías | SIE Films | Lost film. |
Nuestro culpable | 84' | 1969 | Fernando Mignoni | Centro Films/FRIEP | Musical comedy about a thief which is arrested for a theft he didn't commit. |
Title | Duration | Year | Director | Producer | Summary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Como fieras | 1937 | Lost film. | |||
Francisca, mujer fatal | 1936 | Valentín R. González | SIE Films | Lost film. | |
La última | 15' | 1936 | Pedro Puche | SIE Films | About the issues related to alcoholism. |
Nosotros somos así | 31' | 1936 | Valentín R. González | SIE Films | Musical where some poor children help to save the life of a rich boy's father. |
Paquete, el fotógrafo público número uno | 35' | 1937 | Ignacio Ferrés Iquino | SIE Films | Only one minute is preserved. |
Prostitución | 1936 | Feliciano Catalán | SIE Films | Lost film. |
Title | Duration | Date | Producer | Summary |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aguiluchos de la FAI por tierras de Aragón (I) | 20' | 1936 | SUEP | First documentary on the Durruti column in the Aragon front during July–August 1936. (Available in Spanish Film Archive) |
Aguiluchos de la FAI por tierras de Aragón (II) | 7' | 1936 | SUEP | Second documentary of the series. |
Aguiluchos de la FAI por tierras de Aragón (III) | 25' | 1936 | SUEP | Third documentary of the series. |
Alas negras | 12' | 1937 | SIE Films | Bombing of Lérida by the fascists. |
Amanecer sobre España | 44' | 1938 | SIA | |
Ayuda a Madrid | 7' | 1936 | SIE Films | |
Bajo el signo libertario | 15' | 1936 | SUEP | |
Barcelona trabaja para el frente | 23' | 1936 | Comité Central de Abastos de Barcelona | |
La Batalla de Farlete (IV) | 16' | 1936 | SUEP | |
El cerco de Huesca | 10' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
La Columna de Hierro (Hacia Teruel) | 18' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
La conquista de Carrascal de Chimillas (Frente de Huesca) | 13' | 1936 | Carlos Martínez Baena y Ramón Oliveras | |
División Heroica (En el Frente de Huesca) | 18' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
El Ejército de la Victoria. Un episodio: Casa Ambrosio | 10' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
En la brecha | 17' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
El entierro de Durruti | 10' | 1936 | SUEP | |
El frente y la retaguardia | 22' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
Fury over Spain | 52' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
El General Pozas visita el Frente de Aragón | 4' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
Madrid tumba del fascio (V) | 4' | 1936 | SIE Films | |
Madrid tumba del fascio (VIII) | 9' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
Madrid tumba del fascio (IX) | 10' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
Reportaje del movimiento revolucionario en Barcelona | 22' | 1936 | Oficina de Información y Propaganda de la CNT-FAI | |
La silla vacía | 17' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
Solidaridad del pueblo hacia las víctimas del fascismo | 10' | 1936 | SIE Films | |
Teruel ha caido | 10' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
La toma de Teruel | 7' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
Tres fechas gloriosas | 20' | 1937 | SIE Films | |
20 de noviembre | 10' | 1937 | SIE Films |
There are some works that explore this period of Spanish cinema:
The Spanish Revolution was a workers' social revolution that began during the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936 and resulted in the widespread implementation of anarchist and more broadly libertarian socialist organizational principles throughout various portions of the country for two to three years, primarily Catalonia, Aragon, Andalusia, and parts of the Valencian Community. Much of the economy of Spain was put under worker control; in anarchist strongholds like Catalonia, the figure was as high as 75%. Factories were run through worker committees, and agrarian areas became collectivized and run as libertarian socialist communes. Many small businesses like hotels, barber shops, and restaurants were also collectivized and managed by their workers.
Federica Montseny Mañé was a Spanish anarchist and intellectual who served as Minister of Health and Social Policy of the Government of the Second Spanish Republic during the Civil War. She is known as a novelist and essayist and for being one of the first female ministers in Western Europe.
Anarchism in Spain has historically gained some support and influence, especially before Francisco Franco's victory in the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939, when it played an active political role and is considered the end of the golden age of classical anarchism.
The Argentine Libertarian Federation is a libertarian communist federation which operates in Argentina, out of the City of Buenos Aires, San Pedro, La Pampa Province, and Rosario. Founded in October 1935 with the name of the Anarcho-Communist Federation of Argentina the FLA adopted its current name in 1955. It is governed by the Declaration of Principles and the Organic Charter approved by its congress. Its structure and operation are federative and are coordinated by Local Councils and the National Council.
Isaac Puente Amestoy, born in Las Carreras near Biscay, was a Basque physician and Spanish anarchist of a strong anarchist communist bent, who adhered to concerns around birth control, hygiene and sexuality. He promoted anarcho-naturism, and was active in the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT).
Sébastien Faure (1858–1942) was a French anarchist, freethought and secularist activist and a principal proponent of synthesis anarchism.
Abel Paz (1921–2009) was a Spanish anarchist and historian who fought in the Spanish Civil War. He is considered one of the noted Spanish anarchist historians, writing multiple volumes on anarchist history, including a biography of Buenaventura Durruti, an influential anarchist during the war. He kept the anarchist tradition throughout his life, including a decade in Francoist Spain's jails and multiple decades in exile in France.
The Confederación Nacional del Trabajo is a Spanish confederation of anarcho-syndicalist labor unions, which was long affiliated with the International Workers' Association (AIT). When working with the latter group it was also known as CNT-AIT. Historically, the CNT has also been affiliated with the Federación Anarquista Ibérica ; thus, it has also been referred to as the CNT-FAI. Throughout its history, it has played a major role in the Spanish labor movement.
Joan Peiró i Belis was a Catalan anarchist activist, writer, editor of the anarchist newspaper Solidaridad Obrera, two-time Secretary General of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo and Minister of Industry of the Spanish government during the Spanish Civil War.
Individualist anarchism in Europe proceeded from the roots laid by William Godwin and soon expanded and diversified through Europe, incorporating influences from individualist anarchism in the United States. Individualist anarchism is a tradition of thought within the anarchist movement that emphasize the individual and his or her will over external determinants such as groups, society, traditions, and ideological systems. While most American individualist anarchists advocate mutualism, a libertarian socialist form of market socialism, or a free-market socialist form of classical economics, European individualist anarchists are pluralists who advocate anarchism without adjectives and synthesis anarchism, ranging from anarcho-communist to mutualist economic types.
Anarcho-naturism, also referred to as anarchist naturism and naturist anarchism, appeared in the late 19th century as the union of anarchist and naturist philosophies. In many of the alternative communities established in Britain in the early 1900s, "nudism, anarchism, vegetarianism and free love were accepted as part of a politically radical way of life". In the 1920s, the inhabitants of the anarchist community at Whiteway, near Stroud in Gloucestershire, "shocked the conservative residents of the area with their shameless nudity". Mainly, it had importance within individualist anarchist circles in Spain, France, Portugal and Cuba.
Anarchism in Ecuador appeared at the end of the 19th century. At the beginning of the 20th century it started to gain influence in sectors of organized workers and intellectuals.
Synthesis anarchism, synthesist anarchism, synthesism or synthesis federations is a form of anarchist organization that seeks diversity upon its participants and tries to join anarchists of different tendencies under the principles of anarchism without adjectives. In the 1920s, this form found as its main proponents the anarcho-communists Voline and Sébastien Faure, bringing together anarchists of three main tendencies, namely individualist anarchism, anarchist communism and anarcho-syndicalism. It is the main principle behind the anarchist federations grouped around the contemporary global International of Anarchist Federations.
Barrios bajos is a 1937 Spanish black-and-white film directed by Pedro Puche and produced by SIE Films. It is a melodrama that has been noted to possess some formal elements that foreshadowed neorealist cinema.
Maria Suceso Portales Casamar was an Extremaduran anarcho-feminist.
The anarchist movement in Chile emerged from European immigrants, followers of Mikhail Bakunin affiliated with the International Workingmen's Association, who contacted Manuel Chinchilla, a Spaniard living in Iquique. Their influence could be perceived at first within the labour unions of typographers, painters, builders and sailors. During the first decades of the 20th century, anarchism had a significant influence on the labour movement and intellectual circles of Chile. Some of the most prominent Chilean anarchists were: the poet Carlos Pezoa Véliz, the professor Dr Juan Gandulfo, the syndicalist workers Luis Olea, Magno Espinoza, Alejandro Escobar y Carballo, Ángela Muñoz Arancibia, Juan Chamorro, Armando Triviño and Ernesto Miranda, the teacher Flora Sanhueza, and the writers José Domingo Gómez Rojas, Fernando Santiván, José Santos González Vera and Manuel Rojas. At the moment, anarchist groups are experiencing a comeback in Chile through various student collectives, affinity groups, community and cultural centres, and squatting.
Joan Montseny (1864–1942), who also wrote under the pseudonym Federico Urales, was a Catalan anarchist activist and journalist from Spain.
Women in Federación Anarquista Ibérica (FAI) in the Spanish Civil War were often only addressed because of what they appeared to be able to offer male FAI leadership in terms of attracting adept fighters and politicians.
On January 15, 1978, a fire in Barcelona's Scala nightclub killed four people. The ensuing trial was known as the Scala case.
The Harriers Column of the FAI, or Los Aguiluchos, was the last of the great Catalan anarcho-syndicalist columns. Later, more militias left Catalonia for the front, but they would no longer do so in the form of a column but rather as reinforcement units of the existing columns. This column was supposed to form a large unit - of around 10,000 combatants - but it ended up reinforcing the Ascaso Column as an autonomous column - with about 1,500 militiamen with 200 militiawomen. Organized in the Bakunin barracks in Barcelona, it was sent to the Huesca front on 28 August, with Juan García Oliver and Miguel García Vivancos leading the column.