Related Research Articles
East Timor is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania known as Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste. The country comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor and the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco. The first inhabitants are thought to be descendant of Australoid and Melanesian peoples. The Portuguese began to trade with Timor by the early 16th century and colonised it throughout the mid-century. Skirmishing with the Dutch in the region eventually resulted in an 1859 treaty for which Portugal ceded the western half of the island. Imperial Japan occupied East Timor during World War II, but Portugal resumed colonial authority after the Japanese surrender.
Allan Nairn is an American investigative journalist. He was imprisoned by Indonesian military forces under United States-backed strongman Suharto while reporting in East Timor. His writings have focused on U.S. foreign policy in such countries as Haiti, Guatemala, Indonesia, and East Timor.
The Catholic Church in East Timor is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome. Since its independence from Indonesia, East Timor became only the second predominantly Catholic country in Asia, a legacy of its status as a former Portuguese colony. About 98.3%of the population is Catholic in East Timor as of 2006, which means over 900,000 faithful.
Falintil originally began as the military wing of the political party FRETILIN of East Timor. It was established on 20 August 1975 in response to FRETILIN's political conflict with the Timorese Democratic Union (UDT).
Johannes Cornelis Princen, better known as Poncke Princen, was a Dutch anti-Nazi fighter and colonial soldier. In 1948, he deserted, joined the pro-independence guerrillas in what was then the Dutch Indies. He lived the rest of his life in Indonesia, where he became a prominent human rights activist and political dissident under various dictatorial regimes in his adopted country and consequently spent considerable time in detention.
José Abílio Osório Soares was an Indonesian politician. He was the last governor of the Indonesian province of East Timor before the country's independence.
An independence referendum was held in East Timor on 30 August 1999. The referendum's origins lay with the request made by the President of Indonesia, B. J. Habibie, to the United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan on 27 January 1999, for the United Nations to hold a referendum, whereby the Indonesian province would be given choice of either greater autonomy within Indonesia or independence.
The Indonesian occupation of East Timor began in December 1975 and lasted until October 1999. After centuries of Portuguese colonial rule in East Timor, a 1974 coup in Portugal led to the decolonisation of its former colonies, creating instability in East Timor and leaving its future uncertain. After a small-scale civil war, the pro-independence Fretilin declared victory in the capital city of Dili and declared an independent East Timor on 28 November 1975.
East Timor or Timor-Leste, officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is an island country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor. Australia is the country's southern neighbour, separated by the Timor Sea. The country's size is about 15,007 square kilometres (5,794 sq mi).
Maria de Lourdes Martins Cruz is an East Timorese Roman Catholic woman dedicated to the service of the poor.
The Santa Cruz massacre was the shooting of at least 250 East Timorese pro-independence demonstrators in the Santa Cruz cemetery in the capital, Dili, on 12 November 1991, during the Indonesian occupation of East Timor and is part of the East Timorese genocide.
Among the traditional practices challenging the status of women in East Timor or women in Timor-Leste include not being able to inherit or own property and the cultural notion that women normally belong to the home.
The East Timor genocide refers to the "pacification campaigns" of state terrorism which were waged by the Indonesian New Order government during the United States–backed Indonesian invasion and occupation of East Timor. Although some sources consider the Indonesian killings in East Timor to constitute genocide, other scholars disagree.
Mário Viegas Carrascalão was an East Timorese-Indonesian politician and diplomat. Carrascalão, a founder of the Timorese Democratic Union (UDT) in 1974 and the Social Democratic Party (SDP) in 2000, served as the Governor of East Timor from 1983 to 1992 during the Indonesian occupation of the country. However, he re-joined the East Timorese government following the 1999 independence referendum and the transition to independence. He later served as a Deputy Prime Minister within the IV Constitutional Government of then-Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão from 2009 to 2010.
Bella Galhos is a former East Timorese independence activist during the period of Indonesian occupation of East Timor and has been a translator, presidential advisor, human rights activist and environmentalist since independence in 2002.
Isabel Barreto Lobato was an East Timorese politician, political activist, and member of Fretilin who was active in the movement for independence from Portugal. Barreto Lobato was a leading member of the Fretilin Women's Association at the time of East Timor's declaration of independence in November 1975. She was the wife of East Timor's first prime minister, Nicolau dos Reis Lobato, who held the office for nine days before the Indonesian invasion and occupation.
Maria Domingas Fernandes Alves, nickname Mana (sister) Micato or Mikato, resistance name Beta Mau, is a women's rights activist, former resistance fighter, civil servant and non-party politician from East Timor. From 2007 to 2012 she was Minister of Social Solidarity.
Electronita Duan is the Indonesian founder of Politeknik Pembangunan Halmahera, and recipient of the N-Peace Award in 2011.
Filomena Barros Dos Reis is an East Timorese social justice activist and recipient of the N-Peace Award in 2011.
Rotua Valentina Sagala is an Indonesian women's rights activist and activist for law and human rights. In 2013 she won the N-Peace Award.
References
- ↑ "Women peace activists in Asia take center stage at UNDP gala award event". UNDP. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ↑ "Magdalena Bidau Soares". N-PEACE. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ↑ "Introducing eight N-Peace Awardees 2013". UNDP in Indonesia. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ↑ "Timor felicita Magdalena Bidau Soares por prémio regional em prol da paz". SAPO Notícias. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ↑ "East Timor". Daily Positive (D+). Arif Systems. Retrieved 7 September 2020.