Map of tornadoes on May 21, 1957. | |
Type | Tornado outbreak |
---|---|
Duration | May 19–21, 1957 |
Tornadoes confirmed | 57 confirmed |
Max. rating1 | F5 tornado |
Duration of tornado outbreak2 | ~54 hours |
Fatalities | 59 fatalities; 341 injuries |
Damage | Not available |
Areas affected | Great Plains, Midwestern United States |
Part of the tornado outbreaks of 1957 1Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale 2Time from first tornado to last tornado |
The May 1957 Central Plains tornado outbreak sequence was a tornado outbreak sequence that took place across the US Central Plains from May 19 to May 21, 1957. [nb 1] [nb 2] The most destructive tornado of the outbreak was rated at F5 , the highest level, and is often called the Ruskin Heights tornado. The worst of the damage occurred in Ruskin Heights, a suburb and housing development in south Kansas City, Missouri. A total of 57 tornadoes were reported from Colorado to the Mississippi Valley and 59 people were killed during the outbreak, including 44 in the Ruskin Heights tornado.
State | Total | County | County total |
---|---|---|---|
Kansas | 7 | Franklin | 3 |
Miami | 4 | ||
Missouri | 52 | Carter | 7 |
Jackson | 37 | ||
St. Francois | 8 | ||
Totals | 59 | ||
All deaths were tornado-related |
FU | F0 | F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F5 | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 12 | 14 | 20 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 57 |
List of confirmed tornadoes | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F# | Location | County | State | Time (UTC) | Path length | Damage |
F1 | ESE of West Park | Fresno | CA | 1622 | 0.1 mile | |
F1 | NW of Bayard | Scotts Bluff | NE | 0130 | 1.7 miles (2.7 km) | A home was pushed off of its foundation and had its roof torn off. Outbuildings were destroyed as well. [3] |
F2 | N of Northport | Scotts Bluff | NE | 0330 | 5.1 miles (8.2 km) | Low-end F2 tornado destroyed two outbuildings and partially unroofed a farmhouse. The tornado was not listed as significant by Grazulis. [3] |
F1 | W of Gurley | Cheyenne | NE | 0400 | 2 miles (3.2 km) | |
Source: Tornado History Project - May 19, 1957 Storm Data | ||||||
List of confirmed tornadoes | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F# | Location | County | Time (UTC) | Path length | Damage | |
Colorado | ||||||
F0 | SW of Burlington to NW of St. Francis, KS | Kit Carson, Sherman (KS), Cheyenne (KS), Rawlins (KS) | 1700 | 70.1 miles (112.2 km) | ||
Kansas | ||||||
F0 | Phillipsburg area | Phillips | 1755 | 1 mile (1.6 km) | ||
F0 | N of Downs | Osborne | 1915 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F0 | SW of Hunter | Mitchell | 1925 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F1 | N of Burr Oak | Jewell | 2005 | 5.7 miles (9.1 km) | ||
F4 | E of Glasco to N of Morrowville | Cloud, Republic, Washington | 2050 | 44.6 miles (71.4 km) | Wedge tornado produced "near-F5" damage on several farms and was observed with multiple satellite tornadoes. Several different tornadoes may have produced the damage, perhaps a tornado family. [3] | |
F2 | NW of Aurora | Cloud | 2050 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | Satellite tornado to the Glasco tornado. A barn was leveled. [3] | |
F2 | W of Huscher (1st tornado) | Cloud | 2050 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | Satellite tornado to the Glasco tornado. One barn was destroyed. [3] | |
F2 | W of Huscher (2nd tornado) | Cloud | 2050 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F3 | NE of Rice | Cloud | 2050 | 6.1 miles (9.8 km) | Tornado destroyed one barn east of Hollis. May have been only F2 in intensity. Was a satellite tornado to the Glasco tornado. [3] | |
F0 | S of Hartford | Lyon | 2345 | 0.5 mile (0.8 km) | ||
F0 | NW of Madison | Greenwood | 0015 | 1 mile (1.6 km) | ||
F5 | SW of Williamsburg to E of Raytown, MO | Franklin, Miami, Johnson, Jackson (MO) | 0015 | 71 miles (111 km) | 44 deaths – See section on this tornado – 531 people were injured. | |
F3 | Homewood area | Franklin | 0137 | 5.6 miles (9 km) | ||
Nebraska | ||||||
F0 | N of Red Cloud | Webster | 2015 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F1 | NE of Broken Bow | Custer | 2017 | 2.7 miles (4.3 km) | ||
F0 | E of Guide Rock | Nuckolls | 2020 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F1 | SW of Anselmo | Custer | 2100 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F2 | W of Reynolds to E of Palmyra | Thayer, Jefferson, Saline, Lancaster | 2200 | 75.3 miles (120.5 km) | Homes had their roofs torn off near Alexandria and multiple outbuildings were destroyed. Over 500 turkeys were killed on one farm. [3] | |
F2 | Doniphan to NE of Phillips | Hall, Hamilton | 2300 | 18.2 miles (29.1 km) | Three farms were damaged by the tornado. | |
F2 | NE of Friend to N of Emerald | Saline, Gage, Lancaster | 2320 | 23.9 miles (38.2 km) | Barns were destroyed on two farms. [3] | |
South Dakota | ||||||
F1 | N of Rockerville | Pennington | 2100 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
Missouri | ||||||
F2 | W of Weatherby | DeKalb | 2300 | 9.8 miles (15.7 km) | Barns and outbuildings were destroyed. | |
F2 | SW of Richmond | Jackson, Ray | 0137 | 12.8 miles (20.5 km) | ||
Oklahoma | ||||||
F0 | N of Pawnee | Pawnee | 2300 | 0.5 mile (0.8 km) | ||
F2 | NE of Hominy | Osage | 2345 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F2 | NW of Prague | Lincoln | 0000 | unknown | Tornado damaged eight farms near Prague. | |
F0 | NW of Kiefer | Creek | 0100 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F0 | E of Hogshooter | Nowata | 0100 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F1 | Broken Arrow area (SE Tulsa) | Tulsa | 0130 | 3.6 miles (5.8 km) | Tornado moved through the town causing roof damage to at least 200 homes, one of which lost its roof entirely. [3] | |
F0 | SW of Beggs | Okmulgee | 0204 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F1 | W of Chelsea | Rogers | 0430 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F1 | NW of Centralia | Craig | 0500 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F1 | NE of Vinita | Craig | 0500 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
F3 | NW of Garland to NE of Sallisaw | Mayes, Delaware | 0510 | 20.4 miles (32.6 km) | Barns were destroyed by the tornado. 40 buildings were damaged in and around Spavinaw. One home was destroyed near Lone Chapel as well. [3] | |
Source: Tornado History Project - May 20, 1957 Storm Data | ||||||
List of confirmed tornadoes | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F# | Location | County | Time (UTC) | Path length | Damage | |
Minnesota | ||||||
F1 | NE of Staples | Todd, Cass | 1800 | 3.8 miles (6.1 km) | A barn and a garage were destroyed. Pine trees were snapped as well. [3] | |
F4 | E of Rush City | Chisago | 1900 | 9.2 miles (14.7 km) | Eight barns and four homes were destroyed. One home was completely swept away with near-F5-level damage. [3] | |
Missouri | ||||||
F3 | E of Doss | Dent | 2100 | 10.2 miles (16.3 km) | Three homes were destroyed, one of which was leveled. Two other homes were damaged. [3] | |
F2 | S of Squires | Taney, Douglas | 2115 | 14.5 miles (23.2 km) | Homes and one school was destroyed. The teacher and 11 students survived by driving to a farmhouse with a basement. [3] | |
F1 | NE of Mill Spring | Wayne | 2130 | 13 miles (20.8 km) | Homes had their roofs torn off and buildings were damaged on four farms. [3] | |
F1 | S of Centerville | Reynolds | 2145 | 0.2 mile (0.32 km) | ||
F3 | SW of Sunlight to Desloge | Washington, St. Francois | 2145 | 22.2 miles (35.5 km) | 8 deaths Multiple homes and 24 barns were destroyed. 20% of the town of Belgrade was destroyed. [3] | |
F4 | Fremont area | Carter | 2153 | 9.1 miles (14.6 km) | 7 deaths - Fremont was devastated, with homes, businesses, and schools destroyed on the east side of town. Damage also occurred on the south side of Van Buren. May have been an F5. [3] | |
F2 | N of Burfordville | Cape Girardeau | 2300 | 5.1 miles (8.2 km) | Several farms were damaged by the tornado. Barns were destroyed and a house had its roof torn off. [3] | |
F2 | E of Lewistown | Lewis | 2330 | 7.4 miles (11.8 km) | Struck the northwest side of Monticello. Four homes were destroyed and a three-story apartment building was badly damaged. [3] | |
F1 | E of Cardwell to N of Deering | Dunklin, Pemiscot | 0545 | 23.7 miles (37.9 km) | Tornado caused roof and barn damage. | |
F2 | W of Kennett | Dunklin | 0545 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | ||
Illinois | ||||||
F2 | S of Columbia to SE of Shiloh | Monroe, St. Clair | 2150 | 19.7 miles (31.5 km) | ||
F2 | SE of Claremont | Richland | 2300 | 3.6 miles (5.8 km) | Four farms were struck by the tornado. [3] | |
F3 | S of Makanda | Union, Jackson | 0007 | 8.5 miles (13.6 km) | 25 structures and over 5,000 fruit trees were destroyed. [3] | |
F3 | N of Good Hope | McDonough | 0140 | 13.7 miles (21.9 km) | Two homes were destroyed on the southeast edge of Colmar. | |
Iowa | ||||||
F2 | W of Stockton | Cedar, Muscatine, Scott | 2300 | 8.9 miles (14.2 km) | Several barns and a grain elevator were destroyed. | |
Indiana | ||||||
F2 | SW of Pelzer | Warrick | 0203 | 0.1 mile (0.16 km) | A home was spun 150 feet (46 m) off its foundation. The roof was carried 500 feet (150 m). Two people were injured. [3] | |
Kentucky | ||||||
F2 | W of English | Carroll | 0700 | 0.8 mile (1.3 km) | ||
Source: Tornado History Project - May 21, 1957 Storm Data | ||||||
F5 tornado | |
---|---|
![]() The F5 Ruskin Heights tornado in formative stage in Kansas. | |
Duration | 1 hour 38 minutes |
Max. rating1 | F5 tornado |
Fatalities | 44 fatalities, 531 injuries |
1Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale |
This violent, long-tracked, multiple vortex F5 tornado began near Williamsburg, and moved NE through several counties. Major damage occurred in rural areas near Ottawa and Spring Hill, where homes were completely leveled and several fatalities occurred. The tornado continued into the southern suburbs of Kansas City, tearing through Martin City, Raytown, Hickman Mills, and Ruskin Heights. Entire blocks of homes were completely leveled, many of which were swept cleanly away with debris wind-rowed long distances through nearby fields. Some homes had their anchor-bolted subflooring ripped away, leaving only basements behind. Many businesses including a grocery store, a shopping center, and restaurants were completely destroyed. A few of the businesses at the shopping center sustained F5 damage. Vehicles were thrown through the air and destroyed, and the steel-reinforced Ruskin Heights High School was badly damaged. A canceled check from Hickman Mills was found 165 miles away in Ottumwa, Iowa. This event might have been a tornado family rather than a single tornado, as there was possible break in the damage path south of Wellsville, Kansas. Grazulis rated the tornado an F4, but said probable F5 damage occurred in Ruskin Heights; he subsequently rated the tornado F5. [3] [4]
On March 18, 1925, one of the deadliest tornado outbreaks in recorded history generated at least twelve significant tornadoes and spanned a large portion of the midwestern and southern United States. In all, at least 751 people were killed and more than 2,298 were injured, making the outbreak the deadliest tornado outbreak, March 18 the deadliest tornado day, and 1925 the deadliest tornado year in U.S. history. The outbreak generated several destructive tornadoes in Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana on the same day, as well as significant tornadoes in Alabama and Kansas. In addition to confirmed tornadoes, there were undoubtedly others with lesser impacts, the occurrences of which have been lost to history.
From April 9–11, 1947, a significant tornado outbreak produced catastrophic effects over portions of the southern Great Plains, in the contiguous United States. The outbreak generated at least 12, and possibly 17 or more, tornadoes, many of which were significant. On Wednesday, April 9, a series of related tornadoes spawned by a single supercell, dubbed the Glazier–Higgins–Woodward tornadoes, swept through the U.S. states of Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. Most of the damage and nearly all of the deaths are still blamed on one large tornado, known as the Glazier–Higgins–Woodward tornado, that traveled 98 mi (158 km) from Texas to Oklahoma, beginning over the South Plains. This event, up to nearly 2 mi (3.2 km) in width, was often compared to the Tri-State tornado, because it was originally thought to have left a 198-to-221-mile-long path, was similarly large and intense for much of its path, and was also retroactively rated F5 on the modern-day Fujita scale, but it is now believed to have been part of a 125-to-170-mile-long family of nine or 10 tornadoes.
On May 5–8, 1965, a significant tornado outbreak affected much of the Central United States. For four consecutive days, tornado outbreaks produced at least three significant (F2+) tornadoes each day, and at least two violent (F4–F5) tornadoes on three of the four days. The entire sequence generated 37 significant tornadoes, including at least nine violent tornadoes, one of which was rated F5. On May 5, two F4s struck Iowa, including a long-tracked tornado family that injured 11 people. On May 6, an outbreak of six strong tornadoes, four of them violent F4s, affected Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, and has been nicknamed "The Longest Night", killing 13 people and causing major damages—at the time the most damaging single weather event in Minnesota history. Three of the six tornadoes occurred on the ground simultaneously, and two of them hit the section of Minnesota State Highway 100 and University Avenue in the city of Fridley. Both Fridley tornadoes damaged 1,100 homes and destroyed about 425; total losses reached $14.5 million, $5 million of which was to the Fridley school system.
On February 21–22, 1971, a devastating tornado outbreak, colloquially known as the Mississippi Delta outbreak, struck portions of the Lower Mississippi and Ohio River valleys in the Southern and Midwestern United States. The outbreak generated strong tornadoes from Texas to Ohio and North Carolina. The two-day severe weather episode produced at least 19 tornadoes, and probably several more, mostly brief events in rural areas; killed 123 people across three states; and wrecked entire communities in the state of Mississippi. The strongest tornado of the outbreak was an F5 that developed in Louisiana and crossed into Mississippi, killing 48 people, while the deadliest was an F4 that tracked across Mississippi and entered Tennessee, causing 58 fatalities in the former state. The former tornado remains the only F5 on record in Louisiana, while the latter is the deadliest on record in Mississippi since 1950. A deadly F4 also affected other parts of Mississippi, causing 13 more deaths. Other deadly tornadoes included a pair of F3s—one each in Mississippi and North Carolina, respectively—that collectively killed five people.
The tornado outbreak sequence of May 1896 was a series of violent and deadly tornado outbreaks that struck much of the Central and Southern United States from May 15 to 28, 1896. It is considered one of the worst tornado outbreak sequences on record with tornado expert Tom Grazulis stating that the week of May 24–28 was "perhaps the most violent single week of tornado activity in United States history". There were four particularly notable tornado outbreaks during the two-week period. It produced three F5 tornadoes as well as the third deadliest tornado ever in United States history. A total of at least 484 people were killed during the entire outbreak sequence by at least 38 different tornadoes which struck Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Kentucky, Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Maryland.
Ruskin Heights is a neighborhood in southeast Kansas City, Missouri, Jackson County. This neighborhood was made in the early 1950s as a postwar suburb on former farmland. It had a total population of 23,874 people in 2020, making it one of the most densely populated neighborhoods of Kansas City. It has a total land area of approximately 0.794 square miles (2.06 km2). It is mostly flat, but slightly elevated at some points. The ZIP Code is 64134.
On December 18–20, 1957, a significant tornado outbreak sequence affected the southern Midwest and the South of the contiguous United States. The outbreak sequence began on the afternoon of December 18, when a low-pressure area approached the southern portions of Missouri and Illinois. Supercells developed and proceeded eastward at horizontal speeds of 40 to 45 miles per hour, yielding what was considered the most severe tornado outbreak in Illinois on record so late in the calendar year. Total losses in the state were estimated to fall within the range of $8–$10 million.
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1974, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.
This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in 1973, but mostly features events in the United States. According to tornado researcher Thomas P. Grazulis, documentation of tornadoes outside the United States was historically less exhaustive, owing to the lack of monitors in many nations and, in some cases, to internal political controls on public information. Most countries only recorded tornadoes that produced severe damage or loss of life. Consequently, available documentation in 1973 mainly covered the United States. On average, most recorded tornadoes, including the vast majority of significant—F2 or stronger—tornadoes, form in the U.S., although as many as 500 may take place internationally. Some locations, like Bangladesh, are as prone to violent tornadoes as the U.S., meaning F4 or greater events on the Fujita scale.
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1971, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.
From April 2–3, 1982, a major tornado outbreak resulted in over 60 tornadoes and 30 fatalities, primarily over portions of Northeast Texas and Southwest Arkansas, as well as Southeastern Oklahoma. Three of the tornadoes were rated F4, and one officially was recorded as an F5 near Broken Bow, Oklahoma, all on April 2. Beginning on April 2, a series of tornado-producing supercells formed across portions of northeastern Texas and southeastern Oklahoma. One produced an F5 tornado, the first since April 4, 1977, which crossed mostly rural areas near Speer and Broken Bow, and deposited a motel sign from Broken Bow 30 miles (48 km) away in Arkansas. The F5 tornado resulted in no fatalities, but an F4 tornado in Paris, Texas, resulted in 10 fatalities and 170 injuries. Additionally, the Storm Prediction Center, known then as the Severe Local Storms Unit, issued its first officially documented high risk on April 2 as well as the first tornado watch to contain the wording Particularly Dangerous Situation (PDS).
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1967, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1958, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1957, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1955, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1954, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.
A deadly and destructive outbreak sequence of 23 tornadoes struck parts of the Great Plains and the Great Lakes in late-June 1957. At least seven significant tornadoes (F2+) touched down during the outbreak sequence. The most devastating storm was a large, violent, and catastrophic 500-yard-wide F5 tornado family that struck Fargo, North Dakota on Thursday, June 20, 1957, killing 10 people and becoming the deadliest tornado ever recorded in North Dakota. The outbreak caused 11 fatalities, 105 injuries, and $25.883 million in damage.
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1949, primarily in the United States. Most recorded tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1947, primarily in the United States. Most recorded tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.