Messiah Stradivarius

Last updated

The Messiah on display at the Ashmolean Museum Messiah Stradivarius ashmolean.JPG
The Messiah on display at the Ashmolean Museum

The Messiah - Salabue Stradivarius of 1716 is a violin made by the Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona. It is considered to be the only Stradivarius in existence in as "new" state. [1] The neck has been lengthened and at minimum the bass bar, bridge, tailpiece, and pegs have been replaced. It is in the collection of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, England.

Contents

The violin, known as the Messiah (Messie in French), remained in Stradivari's workshop until his death in 1737. It was then sold by his son Paolo to Count Cozio di Salabue in 1775, and for a time, the violin bore the name Salabue. The instrument was then purchased by Luigi Tarisio in 1827. Upon Tarisio’s death in 1854, the French luthier Jean Baptiste Vuillaume of Paris purchased The Messiah along with Tarisio's entire collection. "One day Tarisio was discoursing with Vuillaume on the merits of this unknown and marvelous instrument, when the violinist Jean-Delphin Alard, Vuillaume's son-in-law, exclaimed: 'Really, Mister Tarisio, your violin is like the Messiah of the Jews: one always expects him but he never appears' ('Vraiment, Monsieur Tarisio, votre violon est comme le Messie des Juifs: on l'attend toujours, mais il ne paraît jamais' [2] ). Thus the violin was titled with the name by which it is still known." [3]

The Messiah was bequeathed by the family of W.E. Hill to the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford for preservation as "a yardstick for future violin makers to learn from". [1]

Condition

The violin is in like-new condition, as it was seldom played. Although modifications were made, according to the Ashmolean Museum, "The varnish, however, is almost unworn, the carving is as crisp as the day it was made and the painted edge-work on the scroll survives intact." [4]

List of Modifications

The neck was lengthen in the 19th century, likely due to pitch inflation. This in turn necessitated replacement of the bass bar to counteract the increased downforce from higher-tension strings (plus from any increase in break angle of the strings over the new bridge). The bridge, tailpiece and pegs were also added in the 19th century. One may assume the strings and Sound post are not original as well—both are regularly replaced with use and age, plus a longer neck needs longer strings.

Sound

The tonal potential of the instrument has been questioned due to the conditions of the Hill bequest. However it was played by the famous violinist Joseph Joachim, who stated in a letter of 1891 to the then owner of the Messiah, Robert Crawford, that he was "struck by the combined sweetness and grandeur of the sound". [3] Nathan Milstein played it at the Hills' shop before 1940 and described it as an unforgettable experience. It is one of the most valuable of all the Stradivari instruments. [6]

Construction

The top of the Messiah is made from the same tree as a P.G. Rogeri violin of 1710. [7] The tuning pegs and the tailpiece (that shows the Nativity of Christ) are not original, but were added by Vuillaume. [8]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antonio Stradivari</span> Italian luthier (1644–1737)

Antonio Stradivari was an Italian luthier and a craftsman of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps. The Latinized form of his surname, Stradivarius, as well as the colloquial Strad are terms often used to refer to his instruments. It is estimated that Stradivari produced 1,116 instruments, of which 960 were violins. Around 650 instruments survive, including 450 to 512 violins. His instruments are considered some of the finest ever made, and are extremely valuable collector's items.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stradivarius</span> String instruments built by Stradivari family, particularly Antonio

A Stradivarius is one of the violins, violas, cellos and other string instruments built by members of the Italian family Stradivari, particularly Antonio Stradivari, during the 17th and 18th centuries. They are considered some of the finest instruments ever made, and are extremely valuable collector's items.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume</span> French luthier and inventor (1798–1875)

Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume was a French luthier, businessman, inventor and winner of many awards. His workshop made over 3,000 instruments.

The Soil Stradivarius of 1714 is an antique violin made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). It is one of 700 known existent Stradivari instruments. The instrument was made during Stradivari's "golden period" and is named after the Belgian industrialist Amédée Soil. The current owner of the violin is violinist Itzhak Perlman.

The Viotti; ex-Bruce Stradivarius of 1709 is an antique violin constructed by luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). It is one of only 700 known extant Stradivari instruments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Betts Stradivarius</span> 1704 Cremonese violin

The Betts Stradivarius is a violin made in 1704 by the Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona. It is one of around 650 known extant Stradivari instruments.

Luigi Tarisio was an Italian violin dealer and collector.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the violin</span>

The violin, viola and cello were first built in the early 16th century, in Italy. The earliest evidence for their existence is in paintings by Gaudenzio Ferrari from the 1530s, though Ferrari's instruments had only three strings. The Académie musicale, a treatise written in 1556 by Philibert Jambe de Fer, gives a clear description of the violin family much as we know it today.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giuseppe Guarneri</span> Italian luthier

Bartolomeo Giuseppe "del Gesù" Guarneri was an Italian luthier from the Guarneri family of Cremona. He rivals Antonio Stradivari (1644–1737) with regard to the respect and reverence accorded his instruments, and for many prominent players and collectors his instruments are the most coveted of all. Instruments made by Guarneri are often referred to as Del Gesùs.

The Alard–Baron Knoop Stradivarius of 1715 is an antique violin made by luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). It was made during Stradivari's golden period and is regarded as the "finest of the fine," and nec plus ultra by the W.E. Hill & Sons. The Alard has the original neck with the initials "PS" found in the mortise of the head believed to be those of son, Paolo Stradivari. The Hill brothers conclude this violin is one of the instruments that came into Paolo's possession upon the death of his brother Francesco in 1742.

W. E. Hill & Sons is a British firm based in London that specialises in violins and other string instruments, and bows. It was also known as William Ebsworth Hill & Sons or William E. Hill & Sons.

The "General Kyd" is a nickname applied to several Stradivarius instruments crafted by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona and owned for a time by British General Alexander Kyd. They include a violin made in 1714, a violin made in 1720, and the General Kyd; ex-Stern Stradivarius cello made in 1684. These instruments have been owned and played by some of the world's leading musicians. The 1714 violin was owned from about 1980 to 1990 by Itzhak Perlman, who made most of his early recordings using this instrument. The 1720 violin's owners included composer Rebecca Clarke.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lauterbach Stradivarius</span>

The Lauterbach Stradivarius of 1719 is an antique violin fabricated by Italian luthier, Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). The instrument derives its name from previous owner, German virtuoso, Johann Christoph Lauterbach.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David Laurie</span> 19th century violin collector (1833 - 1897)

David Laurie - was a distinguished 19th century violin collector.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tarisio Auctions</span> Online auction house

Tarisio is the world's largest seller of fine stringed instruments and bows. Founded in 1999 as an auction house that specializes in string instruments and bows, Tarisio now has locations in New York, London and Berlin and serves a global clientele.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicola Amati</span> Italian master luthier (1596–1684)

Nicola Amati, Nicolò Amati or Nicolao Amati was an Italian master luthier from Cremona, Italy. Amati is one of the most well-known luthiers from the Casa Amati. He was the teacher of illustrious Cremonese School luthiers such as Andrea Guarneri and Giovanni Battista Rogeri. While no clear documentation exists for their being apprentices in his shop, Amati may also have apprenticed Antonio Stradivari, Francesco Rugeri, and Jacob Stainer, as their work is heavily influenced by Amati.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lady Blunt Stradivarius</span>

The Lady Blunt is a Stradivarius violin made in 1721 by the renowned Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari. It is named after one of its first known owners, Lady Anne Blunt, the British co-founder of the Crabbet Arabian Stud.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ignazio Alessandro Cozio di Salabue</span> Italian violin collector (1755–1840)

Count Ignazio Alessandro Cozio di Salabue (1755–1840) was an Italian nobleman who was known as the first great connoisseur and collector of violins. A trove of correspondence and memoirs on the history of violinmaking known as the Carteggio forms the basis of his biography. Cozio's meticulous notes on nearly every instrument that passed through his hands contributed enormously to the body of knowledge surrounding Italian violinmaking.

The Langonet Dynasty were a family of violin makers originating in Mirecourt, France, from around 1737 until the late 1900s.

References

  1. 1 2 "'Lady Blunt' Stradivarius of 1721". Andrew Hill. tarisio.com. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
  2. Stradivarius, Dirk J Balfoort, Sdgwick and Jackson, London (undated)
  3. 1 2 The Hill Collection of Musical Instruments, David D. Boyden, Oxford University Press, London, 1969
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "The Messiah violin (Messie)". www.ashmolean.org. Ashmolean, University of Oxford’s museum of art and archaeology.
  5. "'Lady Blunt' and 'Messiah' Reunited". Tarisio.
  6. "The 5 Most Expensive Violins in the World - Updated 2022 | MyLuthier Blog". www.myluthier.co.
  7. Administrator. "Stradivari and Rogeri made from the same tree - Versteeg Geigenbau". www.versteeg-geigenbau.de. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
  8. "COLLECTIONS ONLINE | Ashmolean Museum". www.ashmolean.org. Retrieved 6 March 2018.