National Artist of the Philippines

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Order of National Artists of the Philippines
Orden ng mga Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas
National Artist of the Philippines.svg
Emblem of the Order of National Artists, which appears on the collar bestowed on members.
Awarded by Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines
Type Order
Awarded forhaving made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts
StatusCurrently constituted
Sovereign President of the Philippines
Statistics
First induction1972
Precedence
Next (higher) Order of Gabriela Silang
Next (lower) Gawad Mabini
Equivalent Order of National Scientists, Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan, Order of Lakandula – Special Class of Champion for Life
PHL Blue White Red.png
Ribbon bar of the Order

Current logo for the Philippine Registry of Cultural Property Current logo of the Philippine Registry of Cultural Property.png
Current logo for the Philippine Registry of Cultural Property

The Order of National Artists of the Philippines (Tagalog: Orden ng mga Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas) is an order bestowed by the President of the Philippines on Philippine nationals who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine art. Members of the Order are known as National Artists. Originally instituted as an Award, it was elevated to the status of an order in 2003. [1]

Contents

The Order is administered by the Cultural Center of the Philippines by virtue of President Ferdinand Marcos's Proclamation № 1001 of April 2, 1972, and the National Commission for Culture and the Arts. The first Award was posthumously conferred on Filipino painter Fernando Amorsolo.

Definition

The order of the highest state honor is conferred on individuals deemed as having done much for their artistic field. Deserving individuals must have been recommended by both the Cultural Center and the National Commission for Culture and the Arts prior to receiving the Award. Such people are then titled, by virtue of a Presidential Proclamation, as National Artist (Filipino: Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining), and are inducted into the Order.

Categories

Categories under which National Artists can be recognized originally included: [2]

However, National Artists have since been honored under new categories. The NCCA created the category of National Artist for Fashion Design when it nominated Ramon Valera, but subsumed that category under "Architecture, Design and Allied Arts". President Fidel V. Ramos issued an executive order creating the category of National Artist for Historical Literature before conferring the honor to Carlos Quirino.

Criteria

The National Artists of the Philippines is based on broad criteria, as set forth by the Cultural Center of the Philippines and the National Commission on Culture and the Arts: [2]

  1. Living artists who have been Filipino citizens for the last ten years prior to nomination as well as those who have died after the establishment of the Award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their death;
  2. Artists who have helped build a Filipino sense of nationhood through the content and form of their works;
  3. Artists who have distinguished themselves by pioneering in a mode of creative expression or style, making an impact on succeeding generations of artists;
  4. Artists who have created a significant body of works and/or have consistently displayed excellence in the practice of their art form, enriching artistic expression or style; and
  5. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through prestigious national and/or international recognition, Award in prestigious national and/or international events, critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works, and/or respect and esteem from peers within an artistic discipline.

Nominations are then submitted to the National Artist Secretariat which is created by the National Artist Award Committee; experts from different art fields then sit on a First Deliberation to prepare the short list of nominees. A Second Deliberation, which is a joint meeting of the Commissioners of the NCCA and the Board of Trustees of the CCP, decides on the final nominees. The list is then forwarded to the President of the Philippines, who, by Presidential Proclamation, proclaims the final nominees as members of the Order of National Artists. [3]

Benefits

  1. a cash Award of one hundred thousand pesos (100,000.00) net of taxes, for living awardees;
  2. a cash Award of seventy-five thousand pesos (₱75,000.00) net of taxes, for posthumous awardees, payable to legal heir/s;
  3. a monthly life pension, medical and hospitalization benefits;
  4. life insurance coverage for Awardees who are still insurable;
  5. a state funeral and burial at the Libingan ng mga Bayani ;
  6. a place of honor, in line with protocolar precedence, at national state functions, and recognition at cultural events.

The Roster of National Artists

PresidentYearPictureAwardeeProvinceCategoryNotes
Ferdinand Marcos at the White House.jpg
Ferdinand Marcos
1972 Fernando Amorsolo (cropped).png Fernando Cueto Amorsolo
(1892–1972)
Manila Visual Arts – Paintingposthumous conferment
1973 Francisca Reyes Aquino Order of National Artists (cropped).jpg Francisca Santos Reyes-Aquino
(1899–1983)
Bulacan Dance
Botong Francisco 2012 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Carlos Modesto "Botong" Villaluz Francisco
(1912–1969)
Rizal Visual Arts – Paintingposthumous conferment
AmadoV.Hernandezjf1216 (cropped).JPG Amado Vera Hernández
(1903–1970)
Manila Literature
Antonio Molina Filipino Composer.jpg Antonio Jesus Naguiat Molina
(1894–1980)
Manila Music
Juan Nakpil National Artist.jpg Juan Felipe de Jesus Nakpil
(1899–1986)
Manila Architecture
Gullermo Tolentino Order of National Artists (cropped).jpg Guillermo Estrella Tolentino
(1890–1976)
Bulacan Visual Arts – Sculpture
Jose Garcia Villa NYWTS (cropped2).jpg José García Villa
(1908–1997)
Manila Literature
1976 Napoleon Abueva National Artist (cropped).jpg Napoleón "Billy" Veloso Abueva
(1930–2018)
Bohol Visual Arts – Sculpture
Leonor Orosa-Goquingco 2010 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Leonor Luna Orosa-Goquingco
(1917–2005)
Batangas Dance
Lamberto V. Avellana 2015 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Lamberto Vera Avellana
(1915–1991)
Mountain Province Film and Theater
Nick Joaquin Portrait from Fringe (cropped).jpg Nicomedes "Nick" Márquez Joaquín
(1917–2004)
Manila Literature
Jovita Fuentes Order of National Artists NCCA (cropped).jpg Jovita Flores Fuentes
(1895–1978)
Capiz Music
Victorio Edades (cropped).jpg Victorio Cándido Edades
(1895–1985)
Pangasinan Visual Arts – Painting
Pablo Sebero Antonio Sr.
(1901–1975)
Manila Architectureposthumous conferment
1981 Vicente Manansala 2010 stampsheet of the Philippines 2 (cropped2).jpg Vicente Silva Manansala
(1910–1981)
Pampanga Visual Arts – Painting
1982 Gerardo de Leon 2013 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Gerardo "Gerry" Ilagan de Leon
(1913–1981)
Manila Film
Carlos P. Romulo (cropped).jpg Carlos Peña Rómulo
(1898–1985)
Tarlac Literature
President Ronald Reagan meeting with President Corazon Aquino of the Philippines in the Oval Office (cropped).jpg
Corazon Aquino
1987 Honorata "Atang" Márquez de la Rama-Hernández
(1902–1991)
Manila Theater and Music
1988 Antonino Ramírez Buenaventura
(1904–1996)
Bulacan Music
Lucrecia Reyes Urtula Order of National Artists (cropped).jpg Lucrecia Faustino Reyes-Urtula
(1929–1999)
Iloilo Dance
1989 Lucrecia Roces Kasilag 2018 Philippines stamp (cropped).jpg Lucrecia Roces Kasilag
(1918–2008)
La Union Music
1990 Zacarias Francisco "Franz" Quino Arcellana
(1916–2002)
Manila Literature
Cesar Legaspi 2017 postal cover of the Philippines cr (cropped).jpg Cesar Torrente Legaspi
(1917–1994)
Manila Visual Arts – Painting
Leandro Valencia Locsín
(1928–1994)
Negros Occidental Architecture
1991 Hernando Ruiz Ocampo
(1911–1978)
Manila Visual Arts – Paintingposthumous conferment
Lucio San Pedro 2013 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Lucio Diestro San Pedro Sr.
(1913–2002)
Rizal Music
Fidel V Ramos official 2011.jpg
Fidel V. Ramos
1997 NAAW-Lino-Brocka (cropped).jpg Catalino "Lino" Ortiz Brocka
(1939–1991)
Sorsogon Filmposthumous conferment
Felipe Padilla de Leon 2012 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Felipe Padilla de León
(1912–1992)
Nueva Ecija Music
Wilfrido Guerrero 2017 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Wilfrido María Barredo Guerrero
(1911–1995)
Manila Theater
Rolando Santos Tinio
(1937–1997)
Manila Theater and Literature
N. V. M. Gonzalez 2015 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Néstor Vicente Madali González
(1915–1999)
Romblon Literature
Levi Celerio 2010 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Levi Celerio Cruz
(1910–2002)
Manila Music & Literature
Arturo Rogerio Luz
(1926–2021)
Manila Visual Arts – Painting
Jose Maceda 2017 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg José Montserrat Maceda
(1917–2004)
Manila Music
Carlos Quirino 2010 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Carlos Lozada Quirino
(1910–1999)
Manila Historical Literature
Erap at the State Dining Room of the Malacanan Palace 072716.jpg
Joseph Estrada
1999 Jerry Navarro Elizalde
(1924–1999)
Antique Visual Arts – Paintingposthumous conferment
Ernani Joson Cuenco
(1936–1988)
Bulacan Music
Andrea Carriaga Ofilada-Veneracion
(1928–2013)
Manila
Edith Tiempo 2019 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Edith Cutaran López-Tiempo
(1919–2011)
Nueva Vizcaya Literature
Daisy Avellana 2017 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Daisy Pardo Hontiveros-Avellana
(1917–2013)
Capiz Theater
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo WEF 2009-crop.jpg
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
2001 Ishmael Bernal Order of National Artist NCCA (cropped).jpg Ishmael Bernal
(1938–1996)
Manila Filmposthumous conferment
Severino Montano 2015 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Severino Tabat Montano
(1915–1980)
Ilocos Norte Theater
F. SIONIL JOSE (2017) (cropped2).jpg Francisco Sionil José
(1924–2022)
Pangasinan Literature
Ang Kiukok
(1931–2005)
Davao del Sur Visual Arts – Painting
2003 José Tanig Joya
(1931–1995)
Manila posthumous conferment
Virgilio Almario 2019 (cropped2).jpg Virgilio Senadrin Almario
(b. 1944)
Bulacan Literature
A.Roces (cropped).png Alejandro Reyes Roces
(1924–2011)
Manila
Eddie Romero2007 (cropped).jpg Edgar Sinco Romero
(1924–2013)
Negros Oriental Film and Broadcast Arts
Salvador Floro Bernal
(1945–2011)
Pangasinan Theater and Design
2006 BenCab2018 (cropped).jpg Benedicto Reyes Cabrera
(b. 1942)
Manila Visual Arts – Painting
Abdulmari Asia Imao
(1936–2014)
Sulu Visual Arts – Sculpture
Bien Lumbera at CCP 2012 (cropped).jpg Bienvenido Lumbera

(1932–2021)

Batangas Literature
Ramon Arevalo Obusan
(1938–2006)
Albay Dance
Ildefonso P Santos.jpg Ildefonso Paez Santos Jr.
(1929–2014)
Manila Architecture – Landscape
Fernando Poe Jr 2010 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Ronald Allan "Fernando" Kelley Poe Jr. 1
(1939–2004)
Manila Filmposthumous conferment
Ramon O. Valera (cropped).jpg Ramón Oswald Valera
(1912–1972)
Abra Fashion Design
2009 2 [5] Manuel Conde 2015 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Manuel Pabustan Urbano (Manuel Conde)
(1915–1985)
Camarines Norte Film and Broadcast Arts
Lázaro Ángeles Francisco
(1898–1980)
Bataan Literature
Federico Aguilar Alcuaz
(1932–2011)
Manila Visual Arts – Painting, Sculpture and Mixed Media
kaarhaaruue`thwiphaakhiirahwaangnaaykrathmntrii aelaprathaanaathibdiisaathaa - Flickr - Abhisit Vejjajiva CROP.jpg
Benigno Aquino III
2014 [6] Alice Reyes.jpg Alice García Reyes van Doorn
(b. 1942)
Manila Dance
Francisco Coching 2019 stamp of the Philippines (cropped).jpg Francisco Vicente Coching
(1919–1998)
Manila Visual Artsposthumous conferment
Cirilo Bautista portrait (cropped).jpg Cirilo Francisco Bautista
(1941–2018)
Manila Literature
Francisco Espíritu Feliciano
(1941–2014)
Rizal Musicposthumous conferment
Ramon Santos portrait (cropped).jpg Ramón Pagayon Santos
(b. 1941)
Manila Music
José María Vélez Zaragoza
(1912–1994)
Manila Architectureposthumous conferment
President Rodrigo Roa Duterte 2017.jpg
Rodrigo Duterte
2018 Ryan Cayabyab 2021 - 90th Metropolitan Theater Anniversary (cropped2).jpg Raymundo Cipriano "Ryan" Pujante Cayabyab
(b. 1954)
Manila Music
Bobby Manosa.jpg Francisco "Bobby" Tronqued Mañosa
(1931–2019)
Manila Architecture and Allied Arts
Ramon Muzones.jpg Ramón Larupay Muzones
(1913–1992)
Iloilo Literatureposthumous conferment
Resil B. Mojares.jpg Resil Buagas Mojares
(b. 1943)
Zamboanga del Norte/Cebu Literature
Lauro "Larry" Zarate Alcala
(1926–2002)
Albay Visual Artsposthumous conferment
Amelia Lapena-Bonifacio - Conferment of National Artist Award (2018, cropped2).jpg Amelia Ramolete Lapeña-Bonifacio
(1930–2020)
Manila Theater
Kidlat tahimik (cropped2).jpg Eric Oteyza de Guia (Kidlat Tahimik)
(b. 1942)
Benguet Film and Broadcast Arts
2022 Superstar nora aunor in 2011 (cropped).jpg Nora Cabaltera Villamayor "Aunor"
(b. 1953)
Camarines Sur Film and Broadcast Arts
Salvacion Navera Lim-Higgins
(1920–1990)
Albay Fashion Designposthumous conferment
Agnes Dakudao Locsin
(b. 1957)
Davao Dance
Fides Belza Cuyugan-Asensio
(b. 1931)
Quezon Music
Ricky Lee (cropped2).jpg Ricardo "Ricky" Arreola Lee
(b. 1948)
Camarines Norte Film and Broadcast Arts
Gémino Henson Abad
(b. 1939)
Manila Literature
Antonio "Tony" Ocampo Mabesa
(1935–2019)
Laguna Theaterposthumous conferment
Marilou Correa Diaz-Abaya
(1955–2012)
Manila Film and Broadcast Arts

^1 In May 2006, under the Arroyo administration, the National Commission on Culture and the Arts (NCCA) already conferred the award to Poe but the late actor's wife, Susan Roces refused to acknowledge it. President Aquino has approved and signed Proclamation 435 affirming the previous proclamation of former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo declaring the late movie icon Fernando Poe Jr. a National Artist, posthumously. The Poe family finally accepted the conferment on 16 August 2012. . [7]

^2 Aguilar Alcuaz, Francisco, and Conde were all proclaimed in 2009 but the conferment of the order was delayed due to a controversy. The order was finally bestowed in a ceremony at Malacañang Palace in November 2013. [5]

2009 National Artist of the Philippines controversy

In August 2009, the conferment of the Order of National Artists on seven individuals by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo [8] became controversial when it was revealed that musician Ramon Santos had been dropped from the list of nominees short-listed in May that year by the selection committee, and that four other individuals had been nominated via "President’s prerogative": Cecilla Guidote-Alvarez (Theater), Carlo J. Caparas (Visual Arts and Film), Francisco Mañosa (Architecture), and Pitoy Moreno (Fashion Design). [4] [9]

Members of the Philippine art community–including a number of living members of the Order–protested that the proclamation politicised the title of National Artist, and made it "a way for President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo to accommodate her allies." Specific protests were raised regarding the nomination of Guidote-Alvarez, who was also Executive Director of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, because it was purportedly a breach of protocol and delicadeza (propriety), and of Caparas, on the grounds that he was unqualified for nomination under both the Visual Arts and the Film categories. [9] [10] On July 16, 2013, the controversy finally ended after the Supreme Court of the Philippines voted 12-1-2 that voided the four proclamations. [11]

On June 20, 2014, five years after he was originally shortlisted in 2009, Ramon Santos was finally conferred National Artist for Music by President Benigno S. Aquino III. [6]

Museum Nameplate National Artist of the Philippines11.jpg
Museum Nameplate

See also

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References

  1. Executive Order No. 236, s. 2003 Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved October 24, 2018.
  2. 1 2 "The National Artists of the Philippines Guidelines". ncca.gov.ph. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. 2007. Archived from the original on August 28, 2009. Retrieved August 20, 2009.
  3. mlq3. "Proclaimed a National Artist, not awarded » Manuel L. Quezon III". quezon.ph.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. 1 2 Annie Ruth C. Sabangan (August 1, 2009). "Fury over Arroyo's choice of national artists". GMANews.tv: The Official Website of GMA News and Public Affairs.
  5. 1 2 "Aguilar Alcuaz, Francisco, Conde– deceased all–to be finally conferred National Artist awards in November" . Retrieved October 20, 2013.
  6. 1 2 Palace Declares New National Artists. Philippine Daily Inquirer (June 21, 2014)
  7. "Aquino confers Order of National Artist for Cinema on late Fernando Poe Jr" . Retrieved October 20, 2013.
  8. TJ Burgonio (July 29, 2009). "Arroyo names 7 National Artists for '09". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 1, 2009.
  9. 1 2 Kristine L. Alave, Bayani San Diego Jr. (August 1, 2009). "Palace choices of 4 nat'l artists protested". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 4, 2009.
  10. Gerry Alanguilan (2009). "Bottom Line: Carlo J. Caparas is NOT Qualified". Komikero Comics Journal. Komikero Comics Journal. Archived from the original on August 2, 2009. Retrieved August 4, 2009.
  11. Mark Merueñas (July 16, 2013). "SC voids National Artist Award on Carlo Caparas, 3 others". GMA News and Public Affairs .