Doctor of Medicine is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions. In the United States, and some other countries, the M.D. denotes a professional degree. This generally arose because many in 18th-century medical professions trained in Scotland, which used the M.D. degree nomenclature. In England, however, Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S.) was used and eventually in the 19th century became the standard in Scotland too. Thus, in the United Kingdom, Ireland and other countries, the M.D. is a research doctorate, honorary doctorate or applied clinical degree restricted to those who already hold a professional degree (Bachelor's/Master's/Doctoral) in medicine. In those countries, the equivalent professional degree to the North American, and some others' usage of M.D. is still typically titled Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery.
A medical school is a tertiary educational institution, professional school, or forms a part of such an institution, that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians. Such medical degrees include the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery, Master of Medicine, Doctor of Medicine (MD), or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO). Many medical schools offer additional degrees, such as a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), master's degree (MSc) or other post-secondary education.
A number of professional degrees in dentistry are offered by dental schools in various countries around the world.
The Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER) is a medical school located in Pondicherry, India. JIPMER is an Institute of National Importance (INI) and a tertiary care referral hospital. It is under the direct administrative control of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, and Indian Government, with autonomy to run its internal administration.
Rabindranath Tagore Medical College, also known as RNT Medical College, is a government medical college situated in the city of Udaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The principal and controller of the college is Vipin Mathur.
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) is a public medical university in Chandigarh, India. It is an 'Institute of National Importance'. It has educational, medical research, and training facilities for its students including all specialties, super specialties and sub specialties. It is the leading tertiary care hospital of the northern India region and caters to patients from all over Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Apart from the clinical services, PGI also provides training in almost all disciplines of medicine including post graduate and post doctoral degrees, diplomas, Doctor of Philosophy and fellowships. There are more than 50 such training courses in the institute. The 100-seat MBBS college is expected to start by 2025 at PGI's satellite centre in Sarangpur.
Diplomate of National Board (DNB) is a Post-graduate Master's degree same as MD/MS degree awarded to the Specialist Doctors in India after completion of three year residency. DNB courses are run and the degrees are awarded by the National Board of Examinations (NBE), New Delhi, an autonomous academic body under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India on successful completion of their postgraduate residency. People who completed an MD/MS program in their respective subjects are also eligible to appear in the final DNB certification exam along with regular DNB trainees.
College of Physicians & Surgeons of Mumbai or CPS Mumbai or CPS Bombay, established in 1912, is an autonomous body imparting Postgraduate Medical Education and offers 10 Fellowship & 17 Diploma Courses. It is located in Mumbai near KEM Hospital and it caters to doctors from all over India. The qualifications granted by CPS Mumbai allow the Practitioner to register themselves as specialists in the specialty concerned, upon duly completing the tenure of 2 years Diploma or 3 years Fellowship and passing the exit examination prescribed.
The Medical Council of India Screening Test, also known as the Foreign Medical Graduates Examination (FMGE), is a licensure examination conducted by the National Board of Examinations (NBE) in India. The test is one of the mandatory requirements for an Indian citizen who has a medical degree from a college outside India to practice medicine in the country.. The screening test was introduced in 2002 as a qualifying examination for Indian students obtaining their medical degrees from countries other than India, such as countries belonging to the former Soviet Union, Eastern European countries, China, Nepal, Philippines, and Caribbean countries. Indian doctors holding basic medical degrees from the above countries have to take the MCI screening test. The Medical School should have been listed in the WHO international directory of Medical Schools. Candidates who qualify the Screening Test may apply to the National Medical Commission of India or to any Indian State Medical Council for provisional registration or permanent registration.
Odisha Joint Entrance Examination (OJEE) is a state-government controlled centralised test for admission to many private and governmental medical, engineering & management institutions in Odisha. The test is taken after the 12th grade, diploma, graduate degree, postgraduate degree for admission to graduation of lateral entry in B.Tech, lateral entry in B.Arch, B.Pharm, BDS,, MBA, MCA, PDCM, PGDM, M.Pharm, and M.Tech courses. MBBS and B.Tech courses have been removed from OJEE after the announcement of All India Pre Medical Test (AIPMT) and JEE (Main).
The National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate) or NEET (UG), formerly the All India Pre-Medical Test (AIPMT), is an all India pre-medical entrance test for students who wish to pursue undergraduate medical (MBBS), dental (BDS) and AYUSH (BAMS, BUMS, BHMS, etc.) courses in government and private institutions in India and also, for those intending to pursue primary medical qualification abroad.
The Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital is a Government dental college located in Sealdah, Kolkata, in the state of West Bengal, India. It is affiliated to the West Bengal University of Health Sciences and is recognized by Dental Council of India. It teaches Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) and Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) courses in various specialties.
Rajarshee Chattrapati Shahu Maharaj Government Medical College and Chhatrapati Pramilatai Raje Hospital is a medical college and affiliate hospital located in Kolhapur, India. It was founded in the year 2000 and is affiliated to the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences (MUHS), Nashik. The college is recognized by the Medical Council of India (MCI), New Delhi for medical education in India.
All India Institute of Medical Sciences Kalyani is a Public hospital and Medical school in Saguna, Kalyani, West Bengal, India. It is one of the AIIMS and Institutes of National Importance.
National Exit Test is a proposed examination for all MBBS students in India that is required to pass the final year and obtain a license to practice medicine. Admissions to postgraduate courses will be based on the merit of a candidate in NEXT. Introduced by the National Medical Commission Bill 2019, NEXT will also serve the purpose of Screening Test for Foreign Medical Graduates who are now required to qualify Medical Council of India Screening Test and will for admission into postgraduate medical courses. In January 2020, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare also introduced the draft National Dental commission Bill that also called for National Exit Test after BDS for dentists in India.
Government Medical College, Anantnag(GMC Anantnag) is a tertiary referral Government Medical college in Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It was established in the year 2019. The college is affiliated with University of Kashmir and is recognized by National Medical Commission. The hospital associated with the college is one of the largest hospitals in the Anantnag. The selection to the college is done on the basis of merit through National Eligibility and Entrance Test. Yearly undergraduate student intake is 100 from the year 2019. It is associated with the District Hospital Anantnag, (MMABH). It was the first medical college out of Srinagar district which got permission for Rt-pcr testing. A vaccination program (Co-Win) is underway. The college published its first magazine, MEDCOLANG, in June 2021. First time in J&K;KASOCON 2022-North Zone Conference of Indian Association of Surgical Oncology(IASO) was held at GMC Anantnag on 13 and 14 May in 2022.
The National Eligibility Entrance Test (Postgraduate) (or NEET (PG)) is a qualifying and ranking examination in India, for students who wish to study various postgraduate Doctor of Medicine (MD), Master of Surgery (MS), Diplomate of National Board (DNB), Doctorate of National Board (direct 6 years course in the field of Neurosurgery, Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Pediatric Surgery) and diploma courses, in government or private medical colleges in the country. This exam replaced All India Post Graduate Medical Entrance Examination (AIPGMEE). The exam is conducted by the National Board of Examinations (NBE). The counselling and seat allotment is conducted by Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS).
Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research (HIDSAR) is a private dental college located in Haldia, in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is affiliated with the West Bengal University of Health Sciences and is recognized by Dental Council of India. It offers Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) and Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) courses.
The standard entry-to-practice degree in modern evidence-based medicine in India is the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS). Alternative systems of Medicine in India are Ayurveda (BAMS), Unani (BUMS), Siddha(BSMS), Homeopathy (BHMS). M.B.B.S. a credential earned upon completion of a five-and-a-half-year undergraduate program. The curriculum is divided into one year of preclinical studies in general science subjects and three and a half years of paraclinical and clinical studies, followed by a one-year clinical internship. Before beginning the internship, students are required to pass several examinations, the final one of which is conducted in two parts. Postgraduate education in medical specialties typically takes 3 additional years of study after the MBBS and concludes with the award of a Master of Surgery or Doctor of Medicine(MD). Postgraduate diplomas in medical specialities may also be awarded upon the completion of two-year training programs. After that a person can further get a degree in superspeciality in his or her respective branch after successful completion of 3 years of superspeciality in a medical college.
