Northeast Airlines

Last updated
Northeast Airlines
Northeast Airlines Logo, April 1971.png
IATA ICAO Callsign
NENENORTHEAST
Founded20 July 1931
Commenced operations11 August 1933 (1933-08-11)
(as Boston-Maine Airways)
Ceased operations1 August 1972 (1972-08-01)
(merged into Delta Air Lines)
Hubs
DestinationsSee Destinations
Parent company Storer Broadcasting
(1965-1972)
Headquarters Boston, Massachusetts

Northeast Airlines was an American trunk carrier, a scheduled airline based in Boston, Massachusetts that chiefly operated in the northeastern United States, and later to Canada, Florida, the Bahamas, Bermuda and other cities. It was notably small and unprofitable relative to other trunk carriers, being less than half the size, by revenue, than the next biggest trunk in 1971. Northeast was acquired by and merged into Delta Air Lines in August 1972. [1]

Contents

From 1975 onward, Air New England was essentially a reincarnation of many of the New England routes of Northeast Airlines, complete with the aircraft Northeast used to fly those routes and Northeast's IATA code.

History

Northeast DC-6B at Boston, 1966 Douglas DC-6B, Northeast Airlines JP6994439.jpg
Northeast DC-6B at Boston, 1966

Early days and certification

The airline began as Boston-Maine Airways, [2] founded as a Pan Am contract carrier on July 20, 1931, by the Boston and Maine Railroad and Maine Central Railroad, flying from Boston to Bangor via Portland. It flew only sporadically until August 11, 1933, when National Airways began to operate its flights under contract. National also operated Central Vermont Airways, a subsidiary of the Central Vermont Railway, and the two carriers together had a network across New England to New Hampshire, Vermont, and Montreal. [1] Amelia Earhart and Eugene Vidal were among the co-founders of National, and Earhart was a prominent salesperson for the airline in its early years. [3] National initially operated Stinson Airliners, and switched to a fleet of 10-passenger Lockheed Electras in November 1936. [3]

On May 31, 1939, Boston-Maine was certificated to be a United States scheduled airline by the Civil Aeronautics Authority (CAA) under the terms of the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, which granted certificates to airlines that had been providing bona fide scheduled service prior to the Act. The CAA noted that Boston-Maine was 25% owned each by the Boston and Maine Railroad and Maine Central Railroads. [4] The next year, the airline regulatory functions of the CAA would be moved to the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), which would closely regulate Boston-Maine/Northeast as a trunk carrier for the rest of its existence.

New name, World War II and jets

The name Northeast Airlines was adopted on November 19, 1940, which was duly approved by the CAB, including the required signature of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. [5] During World War II Northeast pioneered transatlantic service for the military under contract from the U.S. Army Air Forces. [1] In June 1944, the CAB approved the takeover of moribund Mayflower Airlines, giving Northeast routes to Cape Cod, Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard from Boston. [6] [7] After the war, Northeast began hourly service between Boston and New York using DC-4s. [3] Northeast applied for authorization to operate passenger service across the Atlantic but were stymied by the Civil Aeronautics Board, which in June 1945 awarded the routes to Pan American World Airways, American Export Airlines and TWA. [8]

Convair 880 at New York, 1961 Convair CV-880, Northeast Airlines JP7772406.jpg
Convair 880 at New York, 1961

In 1956 Northeast began service to Washington National Airport, and received a temporary certificate to serve Florida, for which the airline purchased a fleet of new DC-6Bs. Northeast ordered ten Vickers Viscounts in the late 1950s and used them until financial problems in the early 1960s forced the company to return them to the manufacturer. Beginning on December 17, 1959, Northeast became one of the early jet operators, flying a leased TWA Boeing 707-331 round trip between New York and Miami. [1] In 1960 Northeast leased six Convair 880s and flew them to Florida for several years.

Northeast Airlines Financial Results, 1962 thru 1971
USD mm1962 [9] 1963 [10] 1964 [11] 1965 [12] 1966 [13] 1967 [14] 1968 [15] 1969 [16] 1970 [17] 1971 [18]
Op revenue51.3943.9142.7048.2162.2778.58111.71122.09122.84126.00
Of which subsidy0.993.443.632.202.82
Op profit (loss)(6.36)(8.64)(0.99)0.210.43(3.03)0.86(17.07)(4.70)(8.84)
Net profit (loss)(8.24)(15.30)2.880.470.13(6.53)(2.42)(28.84)(10.72)(13.99)
Op margin-12.4%-19.7%-2.3%0.4%0.7%-3.9%0.8%-14.0%-3.8%-7.0%
Net margin-16.0%-34.8%6.7%1.0%0.2%-8.3%-2.2%-23.6%-8.7%-11.1%
Subsidy/op revenue2.2%8.0%7.5%3.5%3.6%

Last turbulent decade

Howard Hughes acquired control of the airline in 1962. The airline's temporary Miami route authority was terminated by a CAB decision that year, and Hughes decided to exit from the company, selling control to a trustee in 1964. [1] Northeast launched an aggressive campaign against the CAB's decision, and got a permanent Florida certificate in 1965. [3] In 1965 the airline was bought by Storer Broadcasting, who tried to rejuvenate Northeast in 1966 with a new marketing campaign and new aircraft. [1] Northeast ordered a fleet of Boeing 727-100s for their Florida routes, and McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30s and Fairchild-Hiller FH-227s for shorter routes. These "Yellowbirds" featured a new yellow and white livery. In 1966 Northeast was the launch customer for the Boeing 727-200, which they began flying in December 1967. [1] Except for Florida their network was all north and east of Washington National Airport until 1969 when they added three 727 nonstops between Miami and Los Angeles, with Fort Lauderdale getting a short-lived LAX nonstop soon after (fuel stops were sometimes required on these transcontinental 727 flights). Northeast obtained rights to fly between Miami and Montreal in 1967, followed by rights to serve the Bahamas in 1968, and rights to serve Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, and Bermuda in 1969, along with a new Miami-Los Angeles route authority. [3]

Northeast was the runt of the trunks. In 1971, the largest local service carrier, Allegheny Airlines, had operating revenue over 40% bigger than that of Northeast, while the next smallest trunk, National, had significantly more than twice as much revenue. The largest trunk, United, had revenue over twelve times that of Northeast. [19] As George C. Eads said about Northeast in his definitive book on local service carriers (the next tier of airlines down from the trunks in the CAB's categorization of airlines), "Although classified as a trunk, since it was certificated under the grandfather provisions of the Civil Aeronautics Act, it has always resembled a local service carrier with a few trunk routes appended." [20] Like Local Service Carriers, Northeast needed government subsidies. Despite subsidies, it had a long history of incredibly poor financial results (see nearby table). Some of that had to do with its route network, as Eads said. But some of it was self-inflicted. In 1968 Northeast, for some reason, ordered eight Lockheed L-1011s which were to be delivered in a 268 seat configuration. The total order was to cost $128mm including spares. [15] In early 1970, following another abysmal set of financial results in 1969, Northeast cancelled the order, taking a $3.6mm charge against 1969 to do so. [16]

New England points dropped by Northeast Airlines in 1969
Destination1970 PopulationDestination1970 Population
Bar Harbor, Maine* 3,716 Keene, New Hampshire 20,467
Lewiston, Maine 41,779 Laconia, New Hampshire 14,888
Rockland, Maine* 8,505 Lebanon, New Hampshire* 9,725
Waterville, Maine 18,192 Montpelier, Vermont 8,609
Berlin, New Hampshire 15,256 Newport, Vermont 4,664
* served by Cape Air in 2024

Northeast also wrote off its three year old FH-227s in 1969, the circumstances providing insight into the problems that plagued the airline. Northeast originally had seven FH-227s, delivered in 1966 to replace DC-3s. [21] One (N380NE) crashed in Lebanon, NH as flight 946 in 1968, leaving six (N374NE thru N379NE). But in 1969, as its finances deteriorated, Northeast pulled out of ten New England airports, grounding the FH-227s and taking a write-down on them. [16] [22] The ten airports were for small New England points (the biggest of these, Lewiston, also being only 38 miles from the airport at Portland, Maine). [23] Of the ten points, seven of them have, as of 2024, no form of commercial air service, while the other three have Cape Air service which flies aircraft in the 10-seat class, yet Northeast served them with 44-seat FH-227s. Every trunk airline started with small points on their network (some just for the purposes of refueling), but over time, most of them shifted these to local service carriers or otherwise abandoned them. [24] Northeast still had these small points on its network in 1969.

That wasn’t the end of FH-227s for Northeast. It was able to walk away from some of the New England points by turning them over to Mohawk Airlines, which thought it could do better. Mohawk then had a disastrous strike in 1971 (which ultimately forced it to merge with Allegheny in 1972), after which it could no longer support Keene service. The CAB forced Northeast back into some of these points (like Keene, NH) and it had to pull two FH-227s out of storage, leaving three still stored with one leased out. [18] [25]

Waiting to merge

727-200 at New York, 1970 N1646 B727-295 Northeast A-l JFK 09JUL70 (6064249119).jpg
727-200 at New York, 1970

At the end of 1969, following a long period of financial difficulties, Northeast announced its intention to merge with Northwest Airlines. The merger was approved by both the CAB and President Richard Nixon in 1970, but it was conditional upon relinquishing the Miami-Los Angeles route. Northwest terminated the merger negotiations in March 1971, and Northeast announced a new merger plan with Delta Air Lines the following month. The Delta merger was approved in May 1972, with the same condition that Delta could not operate the Miami-Los Angeles route. [3] The merger was completed in August 1972. [1] Note the delays between each merger announcement and final disposition. The CAB process took a long time, during which the company continued to lose a lot of money.

The airline's IATA code was NE.

Legacy

Broadly-speaking, there were two legacies from Northeast:

Air New England

Nominally, Delta took over all of Northeast, including some (but not all) of the New England routes that caused Northeast so many problems; the CAB did not require that Delta them all. [26] For a couple of years, Delta operated ex-Northeast FH-227s, at least the five that had not been leased out, the only passenger turboprop Delta operated directly. The Delta Flight Museum has pictures of FH-227s in Delta livery. [27] Delta’s July 1974 schedule shows Lebanon, Keene, New Bedford, Hyannis, Martha’s Vinyard and Nantucket on-line, [28] and gone in July 1975. [29] However, in 1974, the CAB certificated Air New England (ANE), to that point a commuter/air taxi operator, specifically to operate the former problematic New England Northeast destinations with “big” aircraft, which it did from 1975. [30] Delta lent ANE the money to buy the ex-Northeast FH-227s (and another loan to help ANE to transition to certificated status) [31] and N374NE thru N379NE duly appeared in Air New England’s fleet. [32] Air New England was in some ways a partially reconstituted Northeast Airlines, at least insofar as New England routes were concerned. From 1975, when Air New England took over the routes, until the 1981 when it ceased operations, ANE was in significant financial distress notwithstanding CAB subsidies that reached up to 25% of ANE’s annual revenues. In this respect, at least, the Northeast Airlines tradition lived on.

Delta

Northeast’s lasting impact on Delta was that it was Delta’s entrée into Boston and points north (not all of Northeast’s New England routes were terrible, Delta kept a few), plus the Northeast to Florida routes, and routes to Bermuda and Bahamas. These are the bits that Delta wanted. This was the origin of Delta’s presence in these markets. Northeast also contributed the Boeing 727-100 and 727-200 to Delta's fleet, types Delta did not operate prior to acquiring Northeast. Delta used these as the workhorses of their fleet in the 1970s and 1980s and at one time was the world's largest operator of the Boeing 727-200. [33]

Destinations

Northeast Airlines served the following destinations during its existence: [34]

Domestic

International

An asterisk (*) denotes this airport is no longer served by scheduled air service.

Fleet

Prop Aircraft

Turboprop Aircraft

Jet Aircraft

Accidents and incidents

A series of crashes damaged the airline's image:

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Long Island MacArthur Airport</span> Airport in New York, U.S.

Long Island MacArthur Airport, formerly known as Islip Airport, is a public airport in Ronkonkoma, in the Town of Islip, in Suffolk County, on Long Island, New York, United States. Covering 1,311 acres (531 ha), the airport was established in 1942 and began serving as a commercial airport in 1960. It has three runways and two helipads.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">El Paso International Airport</span> Airport in Texas, U.S.

El Paso International Airport is an international airport located four miles (6 km) northeast of downtown El Paso, in El Paso County, Texas, United States. It is the busiest commercial airport in West Texas, and also serves Southern New Mexico and Northern Mexico. It handled 3,904,110 passengers in 2023, with 96,316 aircraft operations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corpus Christi International Airport</span> Airport in Corpus Christi, Texas, United States

Corpus Christi International Airport is 6 miles west of Corpus Christi, in Nueces County, Texas. It opened in 1960, replacing Cliff Maus airport at 27.767°N 97.44°W, where the Lozano Golf Center is now located.

Jack Brooks Regional Airport, formerly Southeast Texas Regional Airport, is near Port Arthur, Texas, nine miles (14 km) southeast of Beaumont and northeast of Port Arthur. It was Jefferson County Airport, but its name was changed to honor former U.S. Representative Jack Brooks. The airport is southwest of the city of Nederland in unincorporated Jefferson County, and is used for general aviation. Southwest Airlines ended scheduled jet service in 1980 and several other airlines have started and ended service as well including American Eagle, Continental, Delta/Delta Connection and United Express. The latest chapter is the resumption of service by American Eagle for American Airlines to Dallas/Ft. Worth (DFW).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Las Américas International Airport</span> Airport in the Dominican Republic

Las Américas International Airport is an international airport located in Punta Caucedo, near Santo Domingo and Boca Chica in the Dominican Republic. The airport is run by Aeropuertos Dominicanos Siglo XXI (AERODOM), a private corporation based in the Dominican Republic, under a 25-year concession to build, operate, and transfer (BOT) six of the country's airports. Las Américas usually receives a wide variety of long-, mid-, and short-haul aircraft. Santo Domingo's other airport, La Isabela, is much smaller and used by smaller aircraft only.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waterloo Regional Airport</span> Airport

Waterloo Regional Airport ( Livingston Betsworth Field) is four miles (6 km) northwest of Waterloo, in Black Hawk County, Iowa. It is used for general aviation and sees one airline.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cape Cod Gateway Airport</span> Public airport in Hyannis, Massachusetts, United States

Cape Cod Gateway Airport, also known as Boardman/Polando Field and formerly known as Barnstable Municipal Airport, is a public airport located on Cape Cod, one mile (1.6 km) north of the central business district of Hyannis, in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. This airport is publicly owned by the Town of Barnstable. It is Cape Cod's major airport as well as an air hub for the Cape and the Islands. The airport is served by scheduled commercial flights as well as charters and general aviation. Barnstable Municipal Airport served as a hub for Nantucket-based commuter airline Island Airlines until its shutdown in 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Worcester Regional Airport</span> Public airport in Worcester, Massachusetts, United States

Worcester Regional Airport is three miles (5 km) west of Worcester, in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The main property lies within municipalities of Worcester and Leicester, with supporting facilities in Paxton. Once owned by the City of Worcester, the airport has been owned and operated by the Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport) since June 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grand Junction Regional Airport</span> Airport in Grand Junction, Colorado

Grand Junction Regional Airport is three miles (4.8 km) northeast of Grand Junction, in Mesa County, Colorado, United States. Owned by the Grand Junction Regional Airport Authority, it is the largest airport in western Colorado and third largest in the state, behind Denver International Airport and Colorado Springs Airport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juneau International Airport</span> International airport serving Juneau, Alaska, United States

Juneau International Airport is a city-owned, public-use airport and seaplane base located seven nautical miles northwest of the central business district of Juneau, a city and borough in the U.S. state of Alaska that has no direct road access to the outside world. The airport serves as a regional hub for all air travel, from bush carriers to major U.S. air carriers such as Alaska Airlines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shreveport Regional Airport</span> Airport in Shreveport, Louisiana

Shreveport Regional Airport is a public use airport in Shreveport, Louisiana, United States. It is owned by the City of Shreveport and located four nautical miles (7 km) southwest of its central business district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nantucket Memorial Airport</span> Airport serving Nantucket, Massachusetts, United States

Nantucket Memorial Airport is a public airport on the south side of the island of Nantucket, Massachusetts, United States. It is owned by the Town of Nantucket and is located three miles (5 km) southeast of the town center. It is the second-busiest airport in the state, after Logan International Airport, due to intense corporate travel to and from the island in the high season.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daytona Beach International Airport</span> Airport within Daytona Beach city limits

Daytona Beach International Airport is a county-owned airport located three miles (5 km) southwest of Daytona Beach, next to Daytona International Speedway, in Volusia County, Florida, United States. The airport has 3 runways, a six-gate domestic terminal, and an international terminal. Daytona Beach is the headquarters of Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Greater Southwest International Airport</span> Airport in Fort Worth, Texas

Greater Southwest International Airport, originally Amon Carter Field (ACF), was the commercial airport serving Fort Worth, Texas, from 1953 until 1974. Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport opened in 1974 a few miles north to replace Greater Southwest and Dallas Love Field as a single airport for the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. The area is now a commercial/light-industrial park serving DFW International, centered along Amon Carter Boulevard, which follows the old north-south runway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manchester–Boston Regional Airport</span> Public airport in Manchester and Londonderry, New Hampshire, United States

Manchester–Boston Regional Airport, commonly referred to as Manchester Airport, is a public use airport 3 miles (5 km) south of the central business district of Manchester, New Hampshire, United States on the border of Hillsborough and Rockingham counties. It is owned by the City of Manchester, and is in the southern part of the city on the border with Londonderry, New Hampshire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Air New England (1970–1981)</span> Former US regional airline (1970–1981)

Air New England (ANE) was a US regional airline in New England during the 1970s and early 1980s. It was headquartered at Logan International Airport in the East Boston area of Boston, Massachusetts. ANE was noneconomic for most of its existence. From 1975 through its last year, 1981, ANE depended heavily on government subsidies. Depending on the year, these accounted for 17 to 25% of operating revenues, despite which the airline was generally unprofitable. ANE collapsed in the early years of US airline deregulation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trans Caribbean Airways</span> Small US airline flying to the Caribbean 1945–1971

Trans Caribbean Airways (TCA) was an irregular air carrier until 1957, when it was certificated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) as an international air carrier to fly from New York City to San Juan, Puerto Rico. TCA thereafter operated as a small scheduled airline specializing in flying from New York to the Caribbean, adding a small number of additional routes over time until it was purchased by American Airlines in 1971.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wright Air Lines</span> Cleveland Burke Lakefront Airport airline (1966-1985)

On the surface, Wright Air Lines was no different than many other many other small turboprop airlines that collapsed in the early years of the deregulated US airline industry. What set Wright apart was:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dillant–Hopkins Airport</span> Airport in Swanzey, New Hampshire

Dillant–Hopkins Airport is a general aviation airport located 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the central business district (CBD) of Keene, in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. It covers 888 acres (359 ha) and has two runways. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a regional general aviation facility.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portland International Jetport</span> Airport in Portland, Maine, USA

Portland International Jetport is a public airport two miles (3 km) west of downtown Portland, Maine, United States. It is owned and operated by the City of Portland. A portion of the Jetport's property, including the main runway, is located within the neighboring city of South Portland. PWM covers 726 acres of land.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Northeast Airlines". www.deltamuseum.org. Retrieved 2018-01-08.
  2. ↑ Not to be confused with Boston-Maine Airways founded in 1999
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A Pictorial History of Northeast Airlines, 1933-1972 (PDF). Boston: Northeast Airlines. 1972.
  4. ↑ "Boston-Maine Airways, Inc.—Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity". Civil Aeronautics Authority Reports. 1. Civil Aeronautics Authority: 145–150. February 1939 – July 1940. hdl:2027/uc1.b2938502.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  5. ↑ "Northeast Airlines, Inc.—Amendment of Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 2. Civil Aeronautics Board: 444–446. July 1940 – August 1941. hdl:2027/uc1.b2938503.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  6. ↑ "Acquisition of Mayflower Airlines, Inc., by Northeast Airlines, Inc". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 4. Civil Aeronautics Board: 680–685. December 1942 – June 1944. hdl:2027/uc1.b2988894.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  7. ↑ "Acquisition of Mayflower Airlines, Inc., by Northeast Airlines, Inc". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 6. Civil Aeronautics Board: 139–141. July 1944 – May 1946. hdl:2027/uc1.b2988895.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  8. ↑ "Northeast Airlines, Inc., et al., North Atlantic Route Case". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 6. Civil Aeronautics Board: 319–369. July 1944 – May 1946. hdl:2027/uc1.b2988895.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  9. ↑ Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1962 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 30 April 1963. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  10. ↑ Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1963 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 29 May 1964. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  11. ↑ Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1964 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 30 June 1965. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  12. ↑ Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1965 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 15 March 1966. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  13. ↑ Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1966 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 2 March 1967. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  14. ↑ Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1967 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 15 March 1968. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  15. 1 2 Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1968 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 18 February 1969. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  16. 1 2 3 Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1969 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 2 March 1970. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  17. ↑ Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1970 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 11 March 1971. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  18. 1 2 Northeast Airlines Annual Report 1971 (Report). Northeast Airlines. 16 March 1972. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  19. ↑ 1972 Air Transport Facts & Figures (PDF) (Report). Air Transport Association. p. 22. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  20. ↑ Eads, George C. (1972). The Local Service Airline Experiment. Brookings Institution. p. 7. ISBN   9780815720225.
  21. ↑ Look better [Northeast introductory brochure on FH-227s] (PDF) (Report). 1966. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  22. ↑ Adequacy of Northern New England Air Service: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Aviation of the Committee on Commerce, United States Senate, Ninety-Second Congress, First Session, September 9, and 10, 1971 (Report). Washington, DC: U.S. General Printing Office. p. 346. hdl:2027/mdp.39015026256902.
  23. ↑ "Directions from Lewiston to Portland International Jetport". maps.google.com. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  24. ↑ Eads 1972, p. 105-149.
  25. ↑ Northeast Move: ‘Holding Pattern’ Concord Monitor, September 21, 1971
  26. ↑ Delta Air Lines, Inc. Annual Report 1974 (Report). Delta Air Lines. August 1974. pp. 16–17. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  27. ↑ "Aircraft By Type: Fairchild-Hiller FH-227C". deltamuseum.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  28. ↑ Delta Air Lines System Timetable 1974 July 1 (PDF) (Report). Delta Air Lines. 1 July 1974. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  29. ↑ Delta Air Lines System Timetable 1975 July 1 (PDF) (Report). Delta Air Lines. 1 July 1975. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  30. ↑ "New England Service Investigation". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 65 (1): 220–460. June–October 1974. hdl:2027/osu.32437011658453.
  31. ↑ "Docket 27426, Air New England-Delta, Loan Agreement—order 79-3-73 adopted March 14, 1979". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 80: 628. January–March 1979. hdl:2027/ien.35559002074650.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  32. ↑ Endres, Günter G. World Airline Fleets 1979. Hounslow (UK): Airline Publications and Sales. p. 197. ISBN   0905117530.
  33. ↑ http://www.delta.com, Delta Museum, Delta's 85 Years of Service, Aircraft By Type
  34. ↑ "Northeast Airlines June 1, 1969 System Timetable". DepartedFlights.com. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  35. ↑ "Northeast Airlines August 1971 Route Map".
  36. ↑ "Aircraft By Type". www.deltamuseum.org. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
  37. ↑ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Sikorsky S.41B NC41V Gloucester, MA". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2022-03-18.
  38. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Convair CV-240-13 NC91241 Portland Airport, ME (PWM)".
  39. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-3A N17891 Berlin Airport, NH (BML)".
  40. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-6A N34954 Rikers Island, NY".
  41. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Douglas C-53-DO (DC-3) N34417 New Bedford, MA".
  42. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Convair CV-240-2 N90670 Nantucket Memorial Airport, MA (ACK)".
  43. ↑ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  44. ↑ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  45. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Fairchild FH-227C N380NE Lebanon Airport, NH (LEB)".
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.