Universal Scene Description

Last updated

Universal Scene Description (USD) is a framework for interchange of 3D computer graphics data. The framework focuses on collaboration, non-destructive editing, and enabling multiple views and opinions about graphics data. [1] USD is used in many industries including visual effects, architecture, design, robotics, CAD, and rendering. [2] [3] It is developed by Pixar and was first published as open source software in 2016, under a modified Apache license. [4] Pixar, Adobe, Apple, Autodesk, and NVIDIA, together with the Joint Development Foundation (JDF) of the Linux Foundation, announced the Alliance for OpenUSD (AOUSD) on August 1, 2023 to "promote the standardization, development, evolution, and growth of Pixar's Universal Scene Description technology." [5]

Contents

File formats

File formats used by the specification include: [6] [7]

Support

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AutoCAD</span> Commercial computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting software application

AutoCAD is a 2D and 3D computer-aided design (CAD) software application developed by Autodesk. It was first released in December 1982 for the CP/M and IBM PC platforms as a desktop app running on microcomputers with internal graphics controllers. Initially a DOS application, subsequent versions were later released for other platforms including Classic Mac OS (1989), Microsoft Windows (1993) and macOS (2010), along with companion web and mobile applications.

Autodesk 3ds Max, formerly 3D Studio and 3D Studio Max, is a professional 3D computer graphics program for making 3D animations, models, games and images. It is developed and produced by Autodesk Media and Entertainment. It has modeling capabilities and a flexible plugin architecture and must be used on the Microsoft Windows platform. It is frequently used by video game developers, many TV commercial studios, and architectural visualization studios. It is also used for movie effects and movie pre-visualization. 3ds Max features shaders, dynamic simulation, particle systems, radiosity, normal map creation and rendering, global illumination, a customizable user interface, and its own scripting language.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Preview (macOS)</span> Image and PDF viewer software by Apple

Preview is the built-in image viewer and PDF viewer of the macOS operating system. In addition to viewing and printing digital images and Portable Document Format (PDF) files, it can also edit these media types. It employs the Aqua graphical user interface, the Quartz graphics layer, and the ImageIO and Core Image frameworks.

COLLADA is an interchange file format for interactive 3D applications. It is managed by the nonprofit technology consortium, the Khronos Group, and has been adopted by ISO as a publicly available specification, ISO/PAS 17506.

In computer graphics, graphics software refers to a program or collection of programs that enable a person to manipulate images or models visually on a computer.

A number of vector graphics editors exist for various platforms. Potential users of these editors will make a comparison of vector graphics editors based on factors such as the availability for the user's platform, the software license, the feature set, the merits of the user interface (UI) and the focus of the program. Some programs are more suitable for artistic work while others are better for technical drawings. Another important factor is the application's support of various vector and bitmap image formats for import and export.

Universal 3D (U3D) is a compressed file format standard for 3D computer graphics data.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3D computer graphics</span> Graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data

3D computer graphics, sometimes called CGI, 3-D-CGI or three-dimensional computer graphics, are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing calculations and rendering digital images, usually 2D images but sometimes 3D images. The resulting images may be stored for viewing later or displayed in real time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adobe Director</span> Deprecated multimedia application authoring platform

Adobe Director was a multimedia application authoring platform created by Macromedia and managed by Adobe Systems until its discontinuation.

The table below provides an overview of notable computer-aided design (CAD) software. It does not judge power, ease of use, or other user-experience aspects. The table does not include software that is still in development. For all-purpose 3D programs, see Comparison of 3D computer graphics software. CAD refers to a specific type of drawing and modelling software application that is used for creating designs and technical drawings. These can be 3D drawings or 2D drawings.

3D computer graphics software refers to programs used to create 3D computer-generated imagery.

FBX (Filmbox) is a proprietary file format developed by Kaydara and owned by Autodesk since 2006. It is used to provide interoperability between digital content creation applications. FBX is also part of Autodesk Gameware, a series of video game middleware.

OpenFlight is a 3d geometry model file format originally developed by Software Systems Inc. for its MultiGen real-time 3d modeling package in 1988. Originally called Flight, the format was designed as a nonproprietary 3d model format for use by real-time 3d visual simulation image generators. The format was later renamed to OpenFlight to denote its nonproprietary image generation (IG) usage. The MultiGen modeling package and the OpenFlight format were rapidly adopted by the early commercial flight simulation industry in the later 1980s and early 1990s. NASA Ames was the first customer for the MultiGen modeling package.

glTF 3D scene and model file format

glTF is a standard file format for three-dimensional scenes and models. A glTF file uses one of two possible file extensions: .gltf (JSON/ASCII) or .glb (binary). Both .gltf and .glb files may reference external binary and texture resources. Alternatively, both formats may be self-contained by directly embedding binary data buffers. An open standard developed and maintained by the Khronos Group, it supports 3D model geometry, appearance, scene graph hierarchy, and animation. It is intended to be a streamlined, interoperable format for the delivery of 3D assets, while minimizing file size and runtime processing by apps. As such, its creators have described it as the "JPEG of 3D."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Art of Illusion</span>

Art of Illusion is a free software, and open source software package for making 3D graphics.

Showplace is a 3D computer graphics program. It was released in the 1990s by Pixar with versions for Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows. The Mac version was co-developed by Phil Beffrey and Dana Batali. Version 1.0 sold for US$995. It would create a basic primative model, from which the user could change model surfaces and set lighting and camera angles. Version 2.0, which cost $495–695, provided additional modeling tools for users call Clip Objects Library and require Pixar's Renderman for render images. Users can import model from other software by use file RIB format.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cryptomatte</span> Open-source software by Psyop

Cryptomatte is an open-source software created by Jonah Friedman and Andy Jones at Psyop, but is also used synonymously for the specific style of image created by the software or other software working alike.

Omniverse is a real-time 3D graphics collaboration platform created by Nvidia. It has been used for applications in the visual effects and "digital twin" industrial simulation industries. Omniverse makes extensive use of the Universal Scene Description (USD) format.

References

  1. "Introduction to USD". graphics.pixar.com. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  2. "Pixar Universal Scene Description (USD)". NVIDIA Developer. 2019-07-16. Retrieved 2022-06-26.
  3. https://openusd.org/release/intro.html#what-can-usd-do
  4. "Pixar open-sources its Universal Scene Description | CG Channel" . Retrieved 2022-06-26.
  5. "Pixar, Adobe, Apple, Autodesk, and NVIDIA Form Alliance for OpenUSD to Drive Open Standards for 3D Content" . Retrieved 2023-08-03.
  6. Sanders, James (2018-06-05). "Apple's USDZ AR file format: What you need to know". TechRepublic. Retrieved 2019-08-08.
  7. "USD Documentation : Usdz File Format Specification". Pixar Graphics Technologies. 2018. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
  8. "Universal Scene Description" . Retrieved 2020-02-15.
  9. Blender 3.0: Pipeline, Assets & IO - USD Importer
  10. USD Import and Export in Blender
  11. "Supported File Formats". maxon.net (in German, English, Spanish, French, Italian, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese). Retrieved 2023-04-08.
  12. "Solaris | SideFX". www.sidefx.com. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  13. "mesh2mesh Support - Supported Formats" . Retrieved 2023-04-16.
  14. "NVIDIA Omniverse™". NVIDIA Developer. 2019-03-11. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  15. "What's new in Davinci Resolve 18.5 beta" . Retrieved 2023-04-17.
  16. "Release of Fusion Studio 18.5" . Retrieved 2023-10-01.
  17. Paul, Katie (2022-06-21). "Meta and other tech giants form metaverse standards body, without Apple". Reuters. Retrieved 2022-06-22 via www.reuters.com.
  18. Casserly, Martyn. "Everything you need to know about Apple's new USDZ augmented-reality file format". Macworld UK. Retrieved 2019-08-08.
  19. Horaczek, Stan (2018-06-15). "Apple and Pixar created a new file format for augmented reality on your phone". Popular Science. Retrieved 2019-08-08.
  20. "Rhino 8 Feature: USD (Universal Scene Description) Export". McNeel Forum. 2023-07-06. Retrieved 2023-08-03.
  21. https://openusd.org/release/usd_products.html