This article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject.(April 2015) |
Universal basic income refers to a social welfare system where all citizens or residents of a country receive an unconditional lump sum income, meaning an income that is not based on need (i.e. it is not means tested). The proposal has been debated in a number of countries in recent years, including Japan. [1]
According to Hirano Hiroya of Mejiro University, the growing debate is understandable, as social exclusion, precarity in the labor market and poverty have increased in recent decades. [2] Indeed, the state welfare system in Japan developed quite late and is still considerably less generous than in Europe, with the state playing a much smaller role in welfare provision and families, local communities and corporations play a larger role. [3] In response to the combined effects of automation and job uncertainty, three political parties support universal basic income: Nippon Ishin no Kai, Reiwa Shinsengumi and Greens Japan. Japanese academics arguing for basic income include Toru Yamamori of Doshisha University and Hiroya Hirano of Nihon Fukushi University. Ronald Dore, a British sociologist specializing in the Japanese welfare state, has also been engaged in the basic income debate for many years, arguing for its implementation. The main organization promoting basic income in Japan is BIEN Japan, which is part of the Basic Income Earth Network (BIEN). [4]
Hokkaido Air System Co., Ltd., or HAC, is a regional airline that operates scheduled services in Hokkaidō and Aomori Prefecture, Japan from a main base of operations at Okadama Airport in Higashi-ku, Sapporo. It is a private company controlled by Japan Airlines, with 86 employees as of July 2018.
Hideo Higashikokubaru is a Japanese politician. He originally rose to fame as a comedian and actor under the stage name Sonomanma Higashi, and was known for his role in the popular game show Takeshi's Castle.
Tarō Yamamoto is a Japanese politician and former actor, who is the founder and current leader of the anti-establishment political party Reiwa Shinsengumi. Yamamoto served as a member of the House of Councillors from 2013 to 2019 for Tokyo, initially as an independent and later as member of the People's Life Party / Liberal Party. He was a candidate in the 2020 Tokyo gubernatorial election, as a member of Reiwa Shinsengumi.
The Miss Nippon Contest is a Japanese beauty pageant. In the past 57 competitions, the total number of applications is 118,794 people and the Grand Prix is 55 people. It started in 1950 by the Yomiuri Shimbun and is held every year by the "Miss Nippon Association".
The Japan Restoration Party, also referred to in English as the Japan Restoration Association, was a Japanese political party. It was launched on 12 September 2012 and gained official recognition on 28 September 2012. The party grew from the regional Osaka Restoration Association, headed by Tōru Hashimoto, Mayor of Osaka, and Ichirō Matsui, Governor of Osaka Prefecture.
Ryū ga Gotoku Ishin! is an action-adventure video game developed by Ryu Ga Gotoku Studio and published by Sega for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4. It is a spin-off of the Like a Dragon series, formerly and commonly known in English localization as Yakuza. It was released on February 22, 2014, exclusively in Japan, serving as a launch title for the PlayStation 4. A remake, Like a Dragon: Ishin!, was released in February 2023 for PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S. It was developed using Unreal Engine 4, and received a worldwide release unlike the original game.
The Party for Japanese Kokoro, officially the Party to Cherish the Heart of Japan, was a Japanese political party. It was formed as the Party for Future Generations on 1 August 2014 by a group of Diet members led by Shintarō Ishihara. The party adopted its final name in December 2015, and ended up dissolving in November 2018.
The Japan Innovation Party is a conservative, neoliberal and right-wing populist political party in Japan. Formed as Initiatives from Osaka in October 2015 from a split in the old Japan Innovation Party, the party became the third-biggest opposition party in the National Diet following the July 2016 House of Councillors election.
The Japan First Party is a far-right political party in Japan founded by Makoto Sakurai.
Yasushi Adachi is a Japanese Politician of Nippon Ishin no Kai serving as a member of the House of Representatives, a position that he has been elected to three times, once in 2012, 2014, and 2021. After the 2021 House of Representatives election, Adachi was appointed by co-party leader Baba Nobuyuki to the position of the Chairperson of Diet Caucus Policy Affairs Research Council, the de facto leader of all policy affairs within the party. Adachi supports the making free education a constitutional right, saying that it would help slow the decline in birthrate.
General elections were held in Japan on 31 October 2021, as required by the constitution. Voting took place in all constituencies in order to elect members to the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet. As the constitution requires the cabinet to resign in the first Diet session after a general election, the elections will also lead to a new election for Prime Minister in the Diet, and the appointment of a new cabinet, although ministers may be re-appointed. The election was the first general election of the Reiwa era.
Reiwa Shinsengumi is a progressive and left-wing populist political party in Japan founded by actor-turned-politician Taro Yamamoto in April 2019. The party was formed by left-wing members of the Liberal Party who opposed its merger with the Democratic Party for the People. The party won more than 4% of the vote after contesting the House of Councilors election in July 2019, gaining two seats only about three and a half months after the formation of the party.
Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting is a Japanese advisory body established in the New Coronavirus Infectious Diseases Control Headquarters of the Japanese Cabinet.
Prefectural elections for the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly were held on 4 July 2021. The 127 members were elected in forty-two electoral districts, seven returning single members elected by first-past-the-post, and thirty-five returning multiple members under single non-transferable vote. Two districts had their magnitude adjusted in this election to match population changes.
Mizuho Umemura is a Japanese politician who has served as a member of the House of Councillors of Japan since 2019. She represents the Osaka district and is a member of the Nippon Ishin no Kai.
The Asō Cabinet governed Japan from 24 September 2008 to 16 September 2009 by Prime Minister Tarō Asō after his predecessor Yasuo Fukuda resigned.
Nobuyuki Baba is a Japanese politician who has been the leader of the Japan Innovation Party since 27 August 2022. He is also a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet, currently for the Osaka 17th district.
The Conservative Party of Japan is a conservative, Japanese nationalist and right-wing populist political party in Japan founded by novelist Naoki Hyakuta and journalist Kaori Arimoto in 2023. The party has been described as far-right due to its anti-immigration, xenophobic, and historical revisionist rhetoric, with party leaders such as Hyakuta and Kawamura often engaging in denial of Japanese war crimes prior to and during the Second World War, such as the Nanjing Massacre.
The 2020 Kyoto mayoral election was held on February 2, 2020. Incumbent mayor Daisaku Kadokawa ran for a forth term, against JCP-backed independent Kazuto Fukuyama and former Kyoto Party Independent Shōei Murayama. Kadokawa won by a margin of nearly ten points, making him one of the longest serving mayors of Kyoto.
Fujita Fumitake is a Japanese businessman and politician. He is a member of the House of Representatives for Nippon Ishin no Kai. He serves as Secretary-General of the party and Diet Group, having succeeded Nobuyuki Baba upon him being elected party leader.