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Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments. It is the type species of its genus. The name is a blend of the Greek caeno- (recent), rhabditis (rod-like) and Latin elegans (elegant). In 1900, Maupas initially named it Rhabditides elegans. Osche placed it in the subgenus Caenorhabditis in 1952, and in 1955, Dougherty raised Caenorhabditis to the status of genus.
Howard Robert Horvitz is an American biologist best known for his research on the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, for which he was awarded the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, together with Sydney Brenner and John E. Sulston, whose "seminal discoveries concerning the genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death" were "important for medical research and have shed new light on the pathogenesis of many diseases".
Sir John Edward Sulston was a British biologist and academic who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the cell lineage and genome of the worm Caenorhabditis elegans in 2002 with his colleagues Sydney Brenner and Robert Horvitz. He was a leader in human genome research and Chair of the Institute for Science, Ethics and Innovation at the University of Manchester. Sulston was in favour of science in the public interest, such as free public access of scientific information and against the patenting of genes and the privatisation of genetic technologies.
Caenorhabditis briggsae is a small nematode, closely related to Caenorhabditis elegans. The differences between the two species are subtle. The male tail in C. briggsae has a slightly different morphology from C. elegans. Other differences include changes in vulval precursor competence and the placement of the excretory duct opening. C. briggsae is frequently used to study the differences between it and the more intimately understood C. elegans, especially at the DNA and protein sequence level. Several mutant strains of C. briggsae have also been isolated that facilitate genetic analysis of this organism. C. briggsae, like C. elegans, is a hermaphrodite. The genome sequence for C. briggsae was determined in 2003.
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Caenorhabditis doughertyi is a species of nematodes in the genus Caenorhabditis. Prior to 2014, it was referred to as C. sp. 10
Ellsworth C. Dougherty was a biologist who was first to study the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans in the laboratory, with Victor Nigon, in the 1940s. He did most of his studies and medical work in California.
Oscheius is a genus of nematode.
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Günther Osche was a German evolutionary biologist, ecologist and parasitologist.
Warwick Llewellyn Nicholas (1926-2010) was an Australian zoologist known as a pioneer in the field of nematology. He was a foundational member of the Australian Society for Parasitology (ASP) and in 1964, he organised the first ASP meeting. He became President of the Society in 1978, before being an elected Fellow from 1979.
References
- ↑ Les modalités de la reproduction et le determinisme du sexe chez quelques Nematodes libres. V Nigon - Annales de Sciences Naturelles-Zool. Biol. Anim., 1949
- ↑ Reproductive patterns and attempts at reciprocal crossing of Rhabditis elegans maupas, 1900, and Rhabditis briggsae Dougherty and nigon, 1949 (Nematoda: Rhabditidae). Victor Nigon and Ellsworth C. Dougherty, JEZ-A Ecological and Integrative Physiology, Volume 112, Issue 3, December 1949, Pages 485–503, doi : 10.1002/jez.1401120307
- ↑ History of research on C. elegans and other free-living nematodes as model organisms. Victor Marc Nigon and Marie-Anne Félix at wormbook.org
- ↑ "patents justia".
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