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The Sri Lankan Civil War was a civil war fought in Sri Lanka from 1983 to 2009. Beginning on 23 July 1983, there was an intermittent insurgency against the government by the Velupillai Prabhakaran led Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. The LTTE fought to create an independent Tamil state called Tamil Eelam in the north-east of the island, due to the continuous discrimination and violent persecution against Sri Lankan Tamils by the Sinhalese dominated Sri Lankan Government.
Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal (TMVP), previously known as the "Karuna Group", is a political party in Sri Lanka. It was formed by Karuna Amman, a former leader of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, after he defected from the organization in 2004. Initially a paramilitary group that helped the Sri Lankan Government fight the Tamil Tigers, the TMVP was registered as a political party in 2007. Under deputy leader Sivanesathurai Chandrakanthan, they contested their first provincial elections in 2008, winning a majority in the Eastern Provincial Council. Members of the TMVP continue to carry arms under the auspices of the Sri Lankan government, which they claim is for their own safety from the Tamil Tigers, who carry out repeated attacks against them. The group is believed to be working with the Sri Lankan Army. They have been accused of human rights violation by local and international human rights organization.
The Tamil National Alliance is a political alliance in Sri Lanka that represents the country's Sri Lankan Tamil minority. It was formed in October 2001 by a group of moderate Tamil nationalist parties and former militant groups. The alliance originally supported self-determination in an autonomous state for the island's Tamils. It supported negotiations with the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) to resolve the civil war in Sri Lanka. The TNA was considered a political proxy of the LTTE which selected some of its candidates even though its leadership maintains it never supported the LTTE and merely negotiated with the LTTE just as the Government did.
The Eastern Province is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country. The provinces have existed since the 19th century but did not have any legal status until 1987 when the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka established provincial councils. Between 1988 and 2006 the province was temporarily merged with the Northern Province to form the North Eastern Province. The capital of the province is Trincomalee.
A prison escape is the act of an inmate leaving prison through unofficial or illegal ways. Normally, when this occurs, an effort is made on the part of authorities to recapture them and return them to their original detainers. Escaping from prison is also a criminal offense in some countries, such as the United States and Canada, and it is highly likely to result in time being added to the inmate's sentence, as well as the inmate being placed under increased security that is most likely a maximum security prison or supermax prison. In some other places like Germany and a number of other countries, it is considered human nature to want to escape from a prison and it is considered as a violation of the right of freedom, so escape is not penalized in itself.
Kathiravelu Nythiananda Devananda, commonly known as Douglas Devananda, is a Sri Lankan Tamil politician, Cabinet Minister and leader of the Eelam People's Democratic Party. Originally a Sri Lanka Tamil militant who fought against the Sri Lankan government for an independent Tamil Eelam, he became a pro-government paramilitary leader and politician. Due to his strong opposition to and vocal criticism of the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, they unsuccessfully tried to assassinate him over 10 times. Devananda is a proclaimed offender in India and is wanted on charges of murder, attempt to murder, rioting, unlawful assembly and kidnapping. He was sworn in as Minister of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources on 22 November 2019.
Sivanesathurai Chandrakanthan, served as Chief Minister of the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka. He is also the leader of the Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal (TMVP), a political party in Sri Lanka. A former armed fighter of the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam organization, Chandrakanthan broke away from the Tamil Tigers along with Karuna Amman in April 2004, and became the deputy leader of the breakaway faction, renamed as the TMVP.
Ramalingam Paramadeva was one of the architects of 1983 Batticaloa Jailbreak. After his escape he joined the Tamil Tigers. Later on behalf of Tamil Tigers he successfully carried out the 1984 Batticaloa Jailbreak, to release a female political inmate who was left behind in the first one.
1984 Batticaloa Jailbreak, was carried out by Ramalingam Paramadeva of Tamil Tigers to release a female political inmate, Nirmala Nithiyananthan, who was left behind in the 1983 Batticaloa Jailbreak, this incident happened on 10 June 1984. Paramadeva and his men dressed in prison guard uniform, fooled & overpowered the guards and released the inmate.
1995 Vellore Fort jailbreak was an escape from prison in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India on 15 August 1995. After digging a 153-foot-long (47 m) tunnel, 43 Tamil Tiger inmates escaped from the prison. 21 of the escapees were re-captured within weeks of the escape.
Batticaloa Jailbreak may refer to:
Chavakachcheri Urban Council is the local authority for the town of Chavakachcheri in northern Sri Lanka. CUC is responsible for providing a variety of local public services including roads, sanitation, drains, housing, libraries, public parks and recreational facilities. It has 11 members elected using the open list proportional representation system.
Valvettithurai Urban Council is the local authority for the town of Valvettithurai in northern Sri Lanka. VUC is responsible for providing a variety of local public services including roads, sanitation, drains, housing, libraries, public parks and recreational facilities. It has 9 members elected using the open list proportional representation system.
Kayts Divisional Council is the local authority for Island North DS Division in northern Sri Lanka. KDC is responsible for providing a variety of local public services including roads, sanitation, drains, housing, libraries, public parks and recreational facilities. It has 5 members elected using the open list proportional representation system. KDC is sometimes called Island North Divisional Council.
Valikamam East Divisional Council is the local authority for Valikamam East DS Division in northern Sri Lanka. VEDC is responsible for providing a variety of local public services including roads, sanitation, drains, housing, libraries, public parks and recreational facilities. It has 21 members elected using the open list proportional representation system.
Valikamam South Divisional Council is the local authority for Valikamam South DS Division in northern Sri Lanka. VSDC is responsible for providing a variety of local public services including roads, sanitation, drains, housing, libraries, public parks and recreational facilities. It has 16 members elected using the open list proportional representation system.
Solomon Arulanandam David was a Sri Lankan Tamil architect, activist and founder of the Gandhiyam Movement.
A prison break is an unlawful act under Nigerian law, of a prisoner forcing their way out of a prison. It can also be described as attacks on the Nigerian Prisons Services by terrorists such as Boko Haram and armed robbers. Often, when this occurs effort are made by the Nigerian Prisons Services in conjunction with security agency to rearrest the escapee and return them to the prison and this may result in the extension of their jail term. Prison break in Nigeria may be attributed to corruption, poor funding of the prison services, poor prison facilities, inadequate security features such as CCTV, motion sensors, high wall made up of barbed wire and sometimes electric fencing of the wall.
References
- ↑ "Batticaloa Jailbreak". Tamil Times . November 1983. Archived from the original on 23 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
- ↑ "Asia Times: Chapter 30: Whirlpool of violence". Archived from the original on 3 December 2002. Retrieved 23 September 2016.CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
- ↑ "The Jail Break". SangamOrg. 21 August 2004. Retrieved 1 January 2009.
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