1997 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils . [1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks ( ichnites ), burrows , cast-off parts, fossilised feces ( coprolites ), palynomorphs and chemical residues . Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science . This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1997.

Contents

Plants

Cycadophytes

Cycadophyte research

Angiosperms

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Eucommia jeffersonensis [4]

Sp nov

valid

Call & Dilcher

Late Eocene

John Day Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  USA

Species of Eucommia .

Eucommia rolandii [4]

Sp nov

valid

Call & Dilcher

Middle Eocene

Talahatta Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  USA
Flag of Mississippi (1996-2001).png  Mississippi

Species of Eucommia .
Also identified from the Coldwater Beds, British Columbia

Fungi

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Archaeomarasmius [5]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Hibbett, Grimaldi, & Donoghue

Cretaceous
Turonian

New Jersey amber.

Flag of the United States.svg  USA

A tricholomataceous fungi

Archaeomarasmius leggetti Archaeomarasmius leggetti.JPG
Archaeomarasmius leggetti

Protomycena [5]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Hibbett, Grimaldi, & Donoghue

Miocene
Burdigalian

Dominican amber

Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic

A mycenaceous fungi

Protomycena electra Protomycena electra.JPG
Protomycena electra

Paleomycological research

Arthropoda

Insects

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Baikuris casei [7]

Sp. nov

Valid

Grimaldi, Agosti, & Carpenter

Turonian

New Jersey amber

Flag of the United States.svg  USA

An ant of uncertain subfamily placement.
First identified as a sphecomyrmine ant

Boyeria europaea [8]

Comb nov

valid

(Nel, Arillo, & Martínez-Delclòs)

Messinian

Flag of France.svg  France

An Aeshnid dragonfly.

Boyeria europaea Boyeria europaea holotype MNHN.F.R10444 part side direct lighting.jpg
Boyeria europaea

Brownimecia clavata [7]

Gen et sp. nov

Valid

Grimaldi, Agosti, & Carpenter

Turonian

New Jersey amber

Flag of the United States.svg  USA

A stem group ant, type species B. clavata

Brownimecia clavata Brownimecia clavata AMNH-NJ667 holotype 01.jpg
Brownimecia clavata

Ctenobethylus goepperti

Comb nov

valid

(Mayr, 1868)

Middle Eocene

Baltic amber

Flag of Europe.svg  Europe

Fossil Dolichoderine ant,
moved from Liometopum goepperti
Senior synonym of Ctenobethylus succinalis

Ctenobethylus goepperti Ctenobethylus goepperti HJF009 dorsal.jpg
Ctenobethylus goepperti

Makarkinia adamsi [9]

Gen et comb nov

jr synonym

Martins-Neto

Aptian

Crato Formation

Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil

A Kalligrammatid lacewing, new genus for Panfilovia adamsi

Makarkiniinae [9]

Subfam nov

jr synonym

Martins-Neto

Aptian

Crato Formation

Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil

lacewing subfamily, syn of Kalligrammatidae

Plesiosaurs

Newly Named Plesiosaurs

Currently Valid Plesiosaur Genera Named in 1997
NameStatusAuthorsLocationImages
Augustasaurus Valid taxon
  • Sander

Rieppel Bucher

Augustasauus Augustasaurus BW.jpg
Augustasauus
Libonectes Valid taxon
Libonectes Libonectes BW.jpg
Libonectes
Maresaurus Valid taxon
  • Gasparini

Archosauromorphs

Pseudosuchians

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

"Baru" huberi [10]

Sp. nov

Willis

Late Oligocene

White Hunter Site of the Riversleigh WHA

Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia

A mekosuchine crocodilian. Although named as a species of Baru, later research considers it to be a distinct genus.

"Baru" huberi holotype.jpg
Baru wickeni [10] Sp. novValidWillisLate OligoceneWhite Hunter Site of the Riversleigh WHAFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia A mekosuchine crocodilian. It was established based on new material from the Riversleigh as well as material previously assigned to Baru darrowi .
Baru wickeni holotype.jpg

Mekosuchus whitehunterensis [10]

Sp. nov

ValidWillisLate OligoceneWhite Hunter Site of the Riversleigh WHAFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia

A mekosuchine crocodilian. The first species of Mekosuchus to have been named from continental Australia.

Pallimnarchus gracilis [11]

Sp. nov

ValidWillis & MolnarLate PleistoceneTerrace Site of the Riversleigh WHAFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia

A mekosuchine crocodilian and species of Pallimnarchus, described as having been more gracile than Pallimnarchus pollens. The species is valid, but now placed in the genus Paludirex .

Quinkana meboldi [10]

Sp. nov

ValidWillisLate OligoceneWhite Hunter Site of the Riversleigh WHAFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia

A mekosuchine crocodilian. It was a smaller species of the genus Quinkana.

General pseudosuchian research

  • A review of Australasian fossil crocodilians is published by Willis (1997). [12]

Pterosaurs

Newly Named Pterosaurs

Currently Valid Pterosaur Genera Named in 1997
NameStatusAuthorsLocationImages
Eosipterus Valid taxon
  • Ji
  • Ji
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

Non-avian dinosauromorphs

Newly named non-avian dinosauromorphs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list. [15]

NameStatusAuthorsLocationNotesImages
Archaeoceratops [16] Valid taxon
  • Azuma
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Archaeoceratops Archaeoceratops BW.jpg
Archaeoceratops
Gojirasaurus Gojirasaurus BW.jpg
Gojirasaurus
Unenlagia Unenlagia comahuensis .jpg
Unenlagia
Gojirasaurus [17] Valid taxonFlag of the United States.svg  USA(Flag of New Mexico.svg  New Mexico)
Hudiesaurus [18] Valid taxonFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Protarchaeopteryx [19] Valid taxon
  • Ji Q.
  • Ji S.
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Rinchenia [20] Valid taxon
Siluosaurus [21] Nomen dubium .Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Unenlagia [22] Valid taxon
  • Novas
  • Puerta
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina

Birds

Newly named birds

NameStatusNoveltyAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Aramus paludigrus [23]

Sp. nov.

Valid

D. Tab Rasmussen

Miocene

Honda Group

Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia

An Aramidae.

Athene angelis [24]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Cécile Mourer-Chauviré

Michelle Salotti

Elizabeth Pereira

Yves Quinif

Jean-Yves Courtois

Jean-Noël Dubois

Jean-Claude La Milza

Middle Pleistocene

Corsica

Flag of France.svg  France:

Flag of Corsica.svg  Corsica

A Strigidae.

Cathayornis caudatus [25]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Hou Lianhai

Early Cretaceous

Valanginian,

Jiufotang Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. Originally described as a species of Cathayornis ; [25] subsequently made the type species of a separate genus Houornis. [26]

Chauvireria balcanica [27]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Zlatozar N. Boev

Late Pliocene

MN 17

Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria

A Phasianidae.

Confuciusornis chuonzhous [25]

Sp. nov.

Valid ?

Hou Lianhai

Early Cretaceous

Lower Yixian Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

A Confuciusornithidae Hou, Zhou, Gu et Zhang, 1995, possibly a synonym of Confuciusornis sanctus L. H. Hou, Zhou, Gu et Zhang, 1995.

Confuciusornis suniae [25]

Sp. nov.

Valid ?

Hou Lianhai

Early Cretaceous

Lower Yixian Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

A Confuciusornithidae Hou, Zhou, Gu et Zhang, 1995, possibly a synonym of Confuciusornis sanctus L. H. Hou, Zhou, Gu et Zhang, 1995.

Cuspirostrisornis houi [25]

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Valid

Hou Lianhai

Early Cretaceous

Valanginian,

Jiufotang Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Cuspirostrisornithidae Hou, 1997, this is the type species of the new genus.

Eutreptodactylus itaboraiensis [28]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Robert F. Baird

Patricia Vickers Rich

Late Paleocene

Sao Jose de Itaborai

Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil

Described in the Cuculidae, transferred to the Gracilitarsidae Mayr, 2001 by Mayr.

Galbula hylochoreutes [23]

Sp. nov.

Valid

D. Tab Rasmussen

Miocene

La Victoria Formation

Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia

A Galbulidae.

Heliadornis paratethydicus [29]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Jirí Mlíkovský

Late Pliocene

MN 15-16

Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia

A Phaethontidae.

Largirostrornis sexdentoris [25]

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Valid

Hou Lianhai

Early Cretaceous

Valanginian, Jiufotang Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Cuspirostrisornithidae Hou, 1997, this is the type species of the new genus.

Liaoningornis longidigitris [30]

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Valid

Hou Lianhai

Early Cretaceous

Yixian Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Liaoningornithiformes L. H. Hou, 1997, Liaoningornithidae Hou, 1997, this is the type species of the new genus.

Longchengornis sanyanensis [25]

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Valid

Hou Lianhai

Early Cretaceous

Valanginian,

Jiufotang Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Cuspirostrisornithidae Hou, 1997, this is the type species of the new genus.

Pasquiaornis hardiei [31]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Tim T. Tokaryk

Stephen L. Cumbaa

John E. Storer

Early Cretaceous

Cenomanian,

Ashville Formation

Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada:

Flag of Saskatchewan.svg  Saskatchewan

An Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer, 1888, Baptornithidae American Ornithologists’ Union, 1910, this is the type of the new genus.

Pasquiaornis tankei [31]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Tim T. Tokaryk

Stephen L. Cumbaa

John E. Storer

Early Cretaceous

Cenomanian,

Ashville Formation

Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada:

Flag of Saskatchewan.svg  Saskatchewan

An Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer, 1888, Baptornithidae American Ornithologists’ Union, 1910.

Pleistorallus flemingi [32]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Trevor H. Worthy

Pleistocene

Wanganui Subdivision

Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand

A Rallidae.

Rhynchopsitta phillipsi [33]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Amadeo M. Rea

Late Pleistocene

Cave Deposits

Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico

A Psittacidae.

Rupelrallus saxoniensis [34]

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Valid

Karlheinz Fischer

Middle Oligocene

MP 23-24

Flag of Germany.svg  Germany:

Flag of Saxony.svg  Saxony

A Gruiformes, Parvigruidae G. Mayr, 2005.

Songlingornis linghensis [25]

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Valid

Hou Lianhai

Early Cretaceous

Valanginian,

Jiufotang Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

An Ornithuromorphae Chiappe, Ji, Ji et Norell, 1999, Songlingornithidae Hou, 1997, this is the type species of the new genus.

Vanellus madagascariensis [35]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Steven M. Goodman

Holocene

Madagascar

Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar

A Charadriidae.

Urmiornis brodkorbi [36]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Aleksandr A. Karkhu

Early Miocene

Lower Tarkhanian-Burdigalian?

Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan

An Eogruidae Wetmore, 1934, perhaps should be transferred to the genus Amphipelargus Lydekker, 1891.

Synapsids

Eutherians

NameStatusAuthorsDiscovery yearAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Granastrapotherium snorki [37]

Valid

  • Johnson
  • Madden

1997

Middle Miocene

Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru

An astrapotherian

Granastrapotherium Granastrapotherium reconstruction.jpg
Granastrapotherium

Xenastrapotherium aequatorialis [37]

Valid

  • Johnson
  • Madden

1997

Early Miocene

Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador

An astrapotherian, a species of Xenastrapotherium

Xenastrapotherium chaparralensis [37]

Valid

  • Johnson
  • Madden

1997

Late Oligocene - Early Miocene

Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia

An astrapotherian, a species of Xenastrapotherium

Humans

Exopaleontology

Related Research Articles

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