Ajami ibn Abubakr Nakhchivani | |
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 Azerbaijani stamp dedicated to Ajami | |
| Born | 12th century |
| Died | 13th century |
| Occupation | Architect |
Ajami ibn Abubakr Nakhchivani was a 12th and 13th-century Muslim architect who contributed greatly to the architecture of Nakhchivan. He was the founder of the Nakhchivan school of architecture and is the architect of buildings such as Yusif ibn Kuseyir Mausoleum, Momine Khatun Mausoleum and Juma Mosque.
One of the ancient monuments created by Ajami is the mausoleum of Yusif ibn Kuseyir, known as "Atababa". The ayahs (verses) from Koran are inscribed on the walls of the monument. Date of construction of this mausoleum (1161-1162 AD) was defined from its traditional built-in plate or katiba. This eight-sided mausoleum consists of the underground plinth burial place (sardaba, Persian : سردابه or cellar) and its on-ground top. Each side of this construction is decorated with various ornaments. [1]
The masterpiece of Ajami is the Momina-Khatun's mausoleum, also known as the Atabey's Cupola - Atabei Gumbazi. The mausoleum is constructed in honour of Momine Khatun who was the wife of either Atabag Shamsaddin Eldegiz himself, or that of his son Jahan Pahlavan. The date, indicated on the walls, tells us that this ten-sided monument was constructed in 1186-1187 AD. The surface of each side is completely covered by the ornaments. In spite of the fact that the upper parts of this structure have some destruction, its height today is more than 25 meters. Here also exists an underground vault and a burial place or sardaba. [2]
One of those creations of Ajami, which partially survived up to present day, is an architectural ensemble near the Momina Khatun Mausoleum. The main building had been destroyed some time ago, only two minarets and a portal connecting them have remained. This portal was constructed in 1187 AD. In the opinion of researchers, this composition of two minarets and a portal was originally planned and designed by Ajami.
The Khanaqah mausoleum in Nakhchivan strongly differs from what we already have described. While the Momina Khatun Mausoleum and other similar monuments are structures of a tower type, Khanagah mausoleum is a structure of the mixed type: its lower part has the cubic form and the upper part is eight-sided. Ornaments show that the mausoleum was made in 12-13th centuries.
Juma Mosque is one of monumental constructions of the Atabegs’ Architectural Complex in Nakhchivan. The architectural monument demolished in the 20th century is documented in images and photos from the 19th century. [3]
The station "Memar Ajami" in Baku metropolitan was named in honor of him.
Nakhchivan is the capital and largest city of the eponymous Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, a true exclave of Azerbaijan, located 450 km (280 mi) west of Baku. The municipality of Nakhchivan consists of the city of Nakhchivan, the settlement of Əliabad and the villages of Başbaşı, Bulqan, Haciniyyət, Qaraçuq, Qaraxanbəyli, Tumbul, Qarağalıq, and Daşduz. It is spread over the foothills of Zangezur Mountains, on the right bank of the Nakhchivan River at an altitude of 873 m (2,864 ft) above sea level.
Itchan Kala is the walled inner town of the city of Khiva, Uzbekistan. Since 1990, it has been protected as a World Heritage Site.
Konye-Urgench, also known as Old Urgench or Urganj, is a city of about 30,000 inhabitants in north Turkmenistan, just south from its border with Uzbekistan. It is the site of the ancient town of Gurgānj, which contains the ruins of the capital of Khwarazm. Its inhabitants deserted the town in the early eighteenth century in order to develop a new settlement, and Konye-Urgench has remained undisturbed ever since. In 2005, the ruins of Old Urgench were inscribed on the UNESCO List of World Heritage Sites.
Momine Khatun Mausoleum is a mausoleum, also known as the Atabek Dome, located in the city of Nakhchivan of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic in Azerbaijan. It was built in 1186 by the architect Ajami ibn Abubekr Nakhchivani. The ten-sided mausoleum reached a height of 34 meters. Today its height is only 25 meters. The mausoleum, built and named after the mother of one of the local rulers of Azerbaijan, Atabek Jahan Pahlavan of Ildegezid dynasty, is masterfully decorated with complex geometric ornaments and inscriptions from Koran.
The architecture of Azerbaijan refers to the architecture development in Azerbaijan.
Xanəgah is a village and municipality in the Julfa District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It is located 37 km in the north from the district center, on both banks of the Alinjachay River, on the slope of the Zangezur ridge. Its population is busy with vine-growing, farming and animal husbandry. There are secondary school, cultural house, three libraries, communication branch, club, kindergarten and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 1,212. The Əlincəçay xanəgahı of the Middle Ages is located in the east from the Khanagah village, on the left bank of the Alinjachay River.
The memorial complex of Chor-Bakr was built over the burial place of Abu-Bakr-Said, who died in the year 360 of the Muslim Calendar, and who was one of the four of Abu-Bakrs (Chor-Bakr) – descendants of Muhammad. The complex includes the necropolis of family tombs, and courtyards enclosed with walls. It is located in modern-day Kalaya, Uzbekistan.
Juma Mosque (Azerbaijani: Cümə məscidi, or Friday Mosque, is a mosque in Baku, Azerbaijan.
Juma Mosque of Shamakhi or Juma Mosque of Shamakhi is a mosque in the city of Shamakhi, Azerbaijan.
The Mausoleum of Yusif ibn Kuseyir was built in 1161–1162, in Nakchivan city. Architect of the mausoleum was Ajami ibn Abubakr Nakhchivani.
The Karabakhlar Mausoleum is a mausoleum located in Garabaghlar village of Kangarli District of Azerbaijan, about 30 kilometers far from the north-western part of Nakhchivan.
The architectural school of Nakhchivan is one of architectural schools developed in medieval ages on the territory of modern Azerbaijan. It was founded by Ajami Nakhchivani in the 12th century. The mausoleums of Yusif ibn Kuseyir and Momine Khatun, constructed by him in Nakhchivan are a classical example of constructions of this school.
Juma Mosque of Nakhchivan or Friday Mosque of Nakhchivan – is one of monumental constructions of the Atabegs’ Architectural Complex in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. The architectural monument demolished in the 20th century is documented in images and photos from the 19th century.
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Ahmad ibn Ayuub al-Hafiz Nakhchivani was an Azerbaijani medieval architect. Ahmad Nakhchivani was the most eminent representative of Nakhchivan-Maragha architectural school and two buildings constructed by him are saved up to present days. One of these buildings is Barda Mausoleum (1322) and the other is Garabaghlar Mausoleum built in honour of Gudi khatun (1330s).
The Zumurrud Khatun Mosque and Mausoleum, also known as the Tomb of Sitta Zubayda, is a historic mosque and shrine located in Baghdad, Iraq. It dates back to the Abbasid era. It is located in Sheikh Maarouf Cemetery in the Karkh side of Baghdad, and the site was built at the patronage of Zumurrud Khatun and her son. Zumurrud Khatun was mother of the 34th Abbasid Caliph Al-Nasir, and wife of the 33rd Abbasid Caliph Al-Mustadi. She collected the waqf money from madrasas and built her mausoleum before her death, which is located in Karkh.
The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is one of the touristic regions of Azerbaijan with its flora and fauna, climate, and ancient cultural monuments. Nakhchivan is known for its historical monuments such as Momuna Khatun, Yusif ibn Kuseyir, Gulustan tombs, and Garabaghlar. There are other touristic places like Babek castle, Kilit cave, Alinja castle, and Gamigaya in Nakhchivan.
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Abdul Vahab Rahim oglu Salamzadeh, was a Soviet-Azerbaijani art critic, architect, doctor of art history, and academician. He had served as the deputy director of the Institute of Architecture and Art of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijani SSR, and head of the department of history and theory of architecture in the same institute, and received the title of Honoured Builder of the Azerbaijani SSR.
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