Aron Ralston

Last updated

Aron Ralston
Aron Ralston on Capitol Peak Winter 2003.JPG
Ralston on Capitol Peak in February 2003
Born
Aron Lee Ralston

(1975-10-27) October 27, 1975 (age 48)
Marion, Ohio, U.S. [1]
Alma mater Carnegie Mellon University (BA)
Occupations
Notable work Between a Rock and a Hard Place
Spouse
Jessica Trusty
​
​
(m. 2009;div. 2012)​
PartnerVita Shannon (2012–2013)
Children2

Aron Lee Ralston (born October 27, 1975) is an American mountaineer, mechanical engineer, and motivational speaker, known for surviving a canyoneering accident by cutting off part of his own right arm.

Contents

On April 26, 2003, during a solo descent of Bluejohn Canyon in southeastern Utah, he dislodged a boulder, pinning his right wrist to the side of the canyon wall. After five days, he had to break his forearm, amputate it with a dull pocket knife to break free, make his way through the rest of the canyon, rappel down a 65-foot (20 m) drop, and hike 7 miles (11 km) to safety. [2] [3]

The incident is documented in Ralston's autobiography Between a Rock and a Hard Place and is the subject of the 2010 film 127 Hours in which he is portrayed by James Franco.

After the accident he continued mountaineering and became the first person to ascend all of Colorado's fourteeners solo in winter.

Early life

Aron Ralston was born on October 27, 1975, in Marion, Ohio. [1] He and his family moved to Denver in the 1980's when he was 12, where he attended Cherry Creek High School and learned to ski and backpack. He received his college degree from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, finishing with degrees in mechanical engineering and French, with a minor in piano. [3] At Carnegie Mellon, he served as a resident assistant, studied abroad, and was an active intramural sports participant. [4] [3] : 343  He also worked as a rafting guide during the summer. [3] : 42 

Ralston worked as a mechanical engineer with Intel in Ocotillo, Tacoma and Albuquerque for five years, but found himself burned out by working in a large corporation. During his time as an engineer he had built up skills in mountaineering, and in 2002 he quit in order to climb Denali. He moved to Aspen, Colorado in order to pursue a life of climbing mountains. [3] : 72 

Ralston began working towards his goal of climbing all of Colorado's "fourteeners"—peaks over 14,000 feet (4,270 m) altitude, of which there are 59—solo and during winter (a feat that had never been recorded before). In 2003, he was caught in a Grade 5 avalanche on Resolution Peak, Colorado with his skiing partners Mark Beverly and Chadwick Spencer. No one was seriously injured, but his friends did not speak to him in the aftermath, causing him to reevaluate his approach to risk management. [3] : 141 

Canyoneering accident

In the afternoon hours on April 26, 2003, Aron Ralston was canyoneering alone through Bluejohn Canyon, in eastern Wayne County, Utah, just south of the Horseshoe Canyon unit of Canyonlands National Park. While he was descending the lower stretches of the slot canyon, a suspended boulder dislodged while he was climbing down from it. The boulder first smashed his left hand, and then crushed his right hand against the canyon wall. [5] Ralston had not informed anyone of his hiking plans, nor did he have any way to call for help.

Assuming that he would die without intervention, he spent five days slowly sipping his small amount of remaining water, approximately 350 ml (12 imp fl oz), and slowly eating his small amount of food, two burritos, while repeatedly trying to extricate his arm. His efforts were futile as he was unable to free his arm from the 800 lb (360 kg) chockstone. After three days of trying to lift and break the boulder, the dehydrated and delirious Ralston prepared to amputate his trapped arm at a point on the mid-forearm in order to escape. After having experimented with tourniquets and having made exploratory superficial cuts to his forearm, he realized, on the fourth day, that in order to free his arm he would have to cut through the bones in it, but the tools available were insufficient to do so. [3] [6]

After running out of food and water on the fifth day, Ralston decided to drink his own urine. He carved his name, date of birth and presumed date of death into the sandstone canyon wall, and videotaped his last goodbyes to his family. He did not expect to survive the night, but as he attempted to stay warm he began hallucinating and had a vision of himself playing with a future child while missing part of his right arm. Ralston credited this as giving him the belief that he would live. [3] : 248  [7]

After waking at dawn the following day he discovered that his arm had begun to decompose due to the lack of circulation, and became desperate to tear it off. [3] : 279  Ralston then had an epiphany that he could break his radius and ulna bones using torque against his trapped arm. He did so, then amputated his forearm with his multi-tool, using the dull 2-inch (50 mm) knife and pliers for the tougher tendons. The painful process took an hour, during which time he used tubing from a CamelBak as a tourniquet, taking care to leave major arteries until last. The manufacturer of the multi-tool was never named, but Ralston said "it was not a Leatherman but what you'd get if you bought a $15 flashlight and got a free multi-use tool." [8] [3]

After freeing himself, Ralston climbed out of the slot canyon in which he had been trapped, rappelled down a 65-foot (20 m) sheer wall, then hiked out of the canyon. He was 8 miles (13 km) from his vehicle, and had no phone. However, after 6 miles (9.7 km) of hiking, he encountered a family on vacation from the Netherlands; Eric and Monique Meijer and their son Andy, who gave him food and water and hurried to alert the authorities. Ralston had feared he would bleed to death; he had lost 40 pounds (18 kg), including 25% of his blood volume. [9] Rescuers searching for Ralston, alerted by his family that he was missing, had narrowed the search down to Canyonlands and he was picked up by a helicopter in a wide area of the canyon. He was rescued approximately four hours after amputating his arm. [3]

Ralston later said that if he had amputated his arm earlier, he would have bled to death before being found, while if he had not done it he would have been found dead in the slot canyon days later. [10]

His severed hand and forearm were retrieved from under the boulder by park authorities. According to television presenter Tom Brokaw, [11] it took 13 men, a winch and a hydraulic jack to move the boulder so that Ralston's arm could be removed. His arm was then cremated and the ashes given to Ralston. He returned to the accident scene with Tom Brokaw and a camera crew six months later, on his 28th birthday, to film a Dateline NBC special about the accident in which he scattered the ashes of his arm there, where, he said, they belong.

After the accident

Ralston in the mountains of central Colorado, near Independence Pass, Aspen, in 2009 Aron Ralston on Independence Pass.jpg
Ralston in the mountains of central Colorado, near Independence Pass, Aspen, in 2009

After the accident occurred, Ralston made numerous appearances in the media. [12] On July 21, 2003, Ralston appeared on the Late Show with David Letterman , and his story was featured by GQ's "Men of the Year" and Vanity Fair's "People of 2003". [9] [3] : 340 

Ralston documented his experience in an autobiographical book titled Between a Rock and a Hard Place , published by Atria Books in September 2004. It reached No. 3 on The New York Times Hardcover Non-Fiction list. It hit No. 1 in New Zealand and Australia, and is the No. 7 best-selling memoir of all-time in the United Kingdom. [12] Later that month, Ralston's story was featured on a two-hour edition of Dateline NBC called "Desperate Days in Blue John Canyon". [11]

Ralston has appeared twice on The Today Show , Good Morning America , and The Tonight Show with Jay Leno . [12] He has also appeared on The Howard Stern Show , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , CNN's American Morning with Bill Hemmer , Minute to Win It , Anderson Cooper 360° , CNN Saturday Morning , Enough Rope , [13] and CNBC with Deborah Norville . [12] On September 28, 2004, he appeared on the radio program The Bob Rivers Show and described his ordeal as "six days of terror and horror." [14]

After his recovery he continued to climb mountains, including Aconcagua in 2005, [15] and in 2008, Ojos del Salado in Chile and Monte Pissis in Argentina. [16] In 2005, Ralston became the first person to climb all of the 59 ranked and/or named of Colorado's 'fourteeners' solo in winter, a project he started in 1997 and resumed after the amputation in Bluejohn Canyon. [17] [18] [19]

In 2006, Ralston was featured as a panelist in Miller Lite's "Man Laws" ad campaign. [12] [20] [21]

He later noted that surviving being trapped in the canyon had given him a sense of invincibility, at a time that it should have humbled him. He lost friends to suicide, and became depressed after his girlfriend broke up with him in 2006. He has since tried to shift his focus away from adventure-seeking for esteem purposes. [22] [23]

In 2008, Ralston signed on to advise polar explorer Eric Larsen on his 2009–2010 "Save the Poles" expedition, of traveling to the north and south poles, and climbing Mount Everest (sometimes referred to as the third pole) within the same year. [24] [25] [26] [27]

In August 2009, Ralston married Jessica Trusty. Their first child was born in February 2010. They divorced in early 2012. [28] [29] [30]

In 2011, Ralston was a contestant on the U.S. television show Minute To Win It , where he won $125,000 for Wilderness Workshop, [31] made a cameo on The Simpsons in "Treehouse of Horror XXII", [32] [33] took part in the reality show Alone in the Wild , where he had to 'survive' in the wild with a video camera and a bag of supplies, [34] and delivered the commencement speech at Carnegie Mellon University for the graduating class of 2011. [4]

He has also appeared on the Comedy Central show Tosh.0 in a sketch with host Daniel Tosh and another climber in 2012. [35]

Assault charge

In December 2013, Ralston and his girlfriend, Vita Shannon, who have a daughter together, were both arrested after an altercation at their home. The circumstances of the altercation are unclear. Charges against Ralston were dropped shortly after, and charges against Shannon were dropped after Ralston did not show up to a court hearing. [36] [37] [38] According to the affidavit, Ralston "was struck twice in the back of the head with fists by (Shannon), after an argument they had regarding the victim's other son." Shannon alleged in return, that Ralston "shoved her on the shoulder". [39]

Public speaking

As a corporate speaker, Ralston receives an honorarium of about $25,000 per domestic speaking appearance, and up to $37,000 for international speeches. [40] On May 4, 2007, Ralston appeared at the Swiss Economic Forum and gave a speech about how he "lost his hand, but gained his life back."

Ralston at the Toronto premiere of 127 Hours Aron Ralston 127 Hours.jpg
Ralston at the Toronto premiere of 127 Hours

127 Hours

British film director Danny Boyle directed the film 127 Hours about Ralston's accident. [41] Filming took place in March and April 2010, with a release in New York City and Los Angeles on November 5, 2010. Fox Searchlight Pictures funded the film. [42] Actor James Franco played the role of Ralston. [43] The movie received standing ovations at both the Telluride Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival. Some of the audience members in Toronto fainted during the final amputation scene. [44]

The film received widespread acclaim by critics; review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 93% of 239 critics have given the film a positive review, with an average rating of 8.2/10. [45]

At the 83rd Academy Awards in 2011 the film was nominated for six Oscars, including Best Picture (won by The King's Speech ) and Best Actor for Franco (won by Colin Firth for his role in The King's Speech). 127 Hours was also nominated in the categories for Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Original Score, Best Original Song, and Best Editing.

Of the authenticity of 127 Hours, Ralston has said that the film is "so factually accurate it is as close to a documentary as you can get and still be a drama," and he jokingly added that he thought it is "the best film ever made." [46]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amputation</span> Medical procedure that removes a part of the body

Amputation is the removal of a limb by trauma, medical illness, or surgery. As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a preventive surgery for such problems. A special case is that of congenital amputation, a congenital disorder, where fetal limbs have been cut off by constrictive bands. In some countries, judicial amputation is currently used to punish people who commit crimes. Amputation has also been used as a tactic in war and acts of terrorism; it may also occur as a war injury. In some cultures and religions, minor amputations or mutilations are considered a ritual accomplishment. When done by a person, the person executing the amputation is an amputator. The oldest evidence of this practice comes from a skeleton found buried in Liang Tebo cave, East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo dating back to at least 31,000 years ago, where it was done when the amputee was a young child.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Danny Boyle</span> English director and producer (born 1956)

Daniel Francis Boyle is an English director and producer. He is known for his work on films including Shallow Grave, Trainspotting and its sequel T2 Trainspotting, The Beach, 28 Days Later, Sunshine, Slumdog Millionaire, 127 Hours, Steve Jobs, and Yesterday.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canyoning</span> Traveling in canyons using a variety of techniques

Canyoning is a sport that combines several outdoor sports like rock climbing, hiking, swimming, and rappelling. A canyoneer travels down canyons using a variety of techniques that may include other outdoor activities such as walking, scrambling, climbing, jumping, abseiling (rappelling), and swimming.

Dateline NBC is a weekly American television news magazine reality legal show that is broadcast on NBC. It was previously the network's flagship general interest news magazine, but now focuses mainly on true crime stories with only occasional editions that focus on other topics. The program airs Fridays at 10:00 p.m. Eastern Time. Special weekend encore editions also air at 9 or 10:00 p.m.. One or two-hour feature-length editions sometimes air on any given scheduled evening, often to fill vacancies in the primetime schedule on the program's respective nights due to program cancellations. In February 2021, the program aired its first ever docuseries, "The Widower", a five-hour true crime saga about a man who married six women, four of whom died.

Self-surgery is the act of performing a surgical procedure on oneself. It can be an act taken in extreme circumstances out of necessity, an attempt to avoid embarrassment, legal action, or financial costs, or a rare manifestation of a psychological disorder.

<i>Between a Rock and a Hard Place</i> (book) 2004 book by Aron Ralston

Between a Rock and a Hard Place is a 2004 autobiographical book by American mountain climber Aron Ralston. It details an incident that occurred in 2003 when Ralston was canyoneering in Bluejohn Canyon in the Utah desert, where he became trapped for five days.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Capilano Suspension Bridge</span> Suspension bridge in Capilano, British Columbia, Canada

The Capilano Suspension Bridge is a simple suspension bridge crossing the Capilano River in Upper Capilano, British Columbia, Canada, in the District of North Vancouver. The current bridge is 140 metres (460 ft) long and 70 metres (230 ft) above the river. It is part of a private facility with an admission fee and draws over 1.2 million visitors per year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muztagh Ata</span> Mountain in the Pamir range, located in China

Muztagh Ata or Muztagata is the second highest of the mountains which form the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau in China. It is sometimes regarded as being part of the Kunlun Mountains, although physically it is more closely connected to the Pamirs. It is also one of the relatively easier 7,000 m peaks in the world to climb, due to its gentle western slope and the comparatively drier weather of Xinjiang, though a thorough acclimatization period and a very strong physical condition are crucial for success.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Derek Hersey</span> British rock climber

Derek Geoffrey Hersey was a British rock climber who specialized in free soloing, and was for many years an active participant in the Boulder, Colorado climbing scene in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eldorado Canyon State Park</span> State park in Colorado, United States

Eldorado Canyon State Park is part of the Colorado State Park system. It was established in 1978 and is located in Boulder County near the city of Boulder. The park consists of two areas, the Inner Canyon and Crescent Meadows. The park encompasses 885 acres (3.6 km2) with a variety of recreation opportunities available. Eldorado Canyon is home to one of the world's most accessible and comprehensive rock climbing areas. This state park is open during daylight hours only, visitors are expected to leave before dusk.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Horseshoe Canyon (Emery and Wayne counties, Utah)</span>

Horseshoe Canyon, formerly known as Barrier Canyon, is in a remote area west of the Green River and north of the Canyonlands National Park Maze District in Utah, United States. It is known for its collection of Barrier Canyon Style (BCS) rock art, including both pictographs and petroglyphs, which was first recognized as a unique style here. A portion of Horseshoe Canyon containing The Great Gallery is part of a detached unit of Canyonlands National Park. The Horseshoe Canyon Unit was added to the park in 1971 in an attempt to preserve and protect the rock art found along much of its length.

Tony Gardner is an American makeup designer, special effects designer and puppeteer. He has designed and created effects for many feature films, including the films Zombieland, 127 Hours, Smokin' Aces, Hairspray, Jackass Presents: Bad Grandpa, The Addams Family, Seed of Chucky,Shallow Hal and There's Something About Mary. Gardner helped create the signature helmets for Daft Punk, as well as an animatronic robot for their "Technologic" music video. He wrote and directed Daft Punk's music video for the song "The Prime Time of Your Life," which also, his two daughters were in and associate produced and populated a world full of robots for the duo's feature-length directorial debut, Daft Punk's Electroma. Beyond the film-making arena, Gardner's special effects company Alterian, Inc. has also designed and created the popular GEICO Cavemen characters as well as the current iteration of Smokey Bear. Alterian's makeup effects for Johnny Knoxville's character in Jackass Presents: Bad Grandpa were nominated for an Academy Award as well as a Makeup Artist & Hair Stylist Guild Award, and won the Makeup Artist & Hair Stylist Guild Award for Best Special Makeup Effects in the Feature Film category for 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Hood climbing accidents</span>

Mount Hood climbing accidents are incidents related to mountain climbing or hiking on Oregon's Mount Hood. As of 2007, about 10,000 people attempt to climb the mountain each year. As of May 2002, more than 130 people are known to have died climbing Mount Hood since records have been kept. One of the worst climbing accidents occurred in 1986, when seven high school students and two teachers froze to death while attempting to retreat from a storm.

<i>127 Hours</i> 2010 British-American film by Danny Boyle

127 Hours is a 2010 biographical psychological survival drama film co-written, produced, and directed by Danny Boyle. The film stars James Franco, Kate Mara, Amber Tamblyn, and Clémence Poésy. In the film, canyoneer Aron Ralston must find a way to escape after he gets trapped by a boulder in an isolated slot canyon in Bluejohn Canyon, southeastern Utah, in April 2003. It is a British and American venture produced by Pathé, Everest Entertainment, Film4 Productions, HandMade Films and Cloud Eight Films.

<i>127 Hours</i> (soundtrack) 2010 soundtrack album by A. R. Rahman

127 Hours: Music from the Motion Picture is the soundtrack to Danny Boyle's 2010 film of the same name. It was composed by Academy Award Winner A. R. Rahman, Boyle's previous collaborator on Slumdog Millionaire. The score, centred on guitar, was recorded mainly in London and was completed in three weeks. The soundtrack was released digitally on 2 November and physically on 22 November, by Interscope Records and Fox Music. The score is briefly orchestral and the song's main theme, "If I Rise" features Rahman playing the Harpejji.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bluejohn Canyon</span> Slot canyon in Utah, United States

Bluejohn Canyon is a slot canyon in eastern Wayne County, Utah, United States. It is on BLM land just south of the boundary of the Horseshoe Canyon Unit of Canyonlands National Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Treehouse of Horror XXII</span> 3rd episode of the 23rd season of The Simpsons

"Treehouse of Horror XXII" is the third episode of the twenty-third season and the twenty-second Halloween episode of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 30, 2011. The episode is part of the Treehouse of Horror series, which is an episode divided into three separate stories and an opening that is a parody of scary or Halloween themed stories. This episode's stories were primarily spoofs of the French film The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, the television series Dexter, and the American film Avatar. The opening was a parody of the autobiographical film 127 Hours, in which the subject Aron Ralston loses an arm.

Dave (David) Mackey, born November 22, 1969, is an American ultra runner and adventure racer who lives in Boulder, Colorado. Mackey has set course records at many significant national ultra-distance trail running races, and spent several years adventure racing nationally and internationally. He is a physician assistant in emergency medicine.

"Roy's Wedding" is the second episode of the ninth season of the American comedy television series The Office and the show's 178th episode overall. The episode originally aired on NBC on September 27, 2012. The episode guest stars David Denman as Roy Anderson, Michael Patrick McGill as his brother, Kenny, Robert R. Shafer as Bob Vance, and Ameenah Kaplan as Val.

References

  1. 1 2 Ohio Birth Index, 1908-2011
  2. ↑ Duncan Campbell (May 3, 2003). "Mountaineer trapped by boulder amputated arm with pocketknife". The Guardian. London. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Aron Ralston (2004). Between a Rock and a Hard Place . Atria Books. ISBN   0-7432-6354-5.
  4. 1 2 "Speakers & Honorees-Commencement Weekend - Carnegie Mellon University". Archived from the original on May 13, 2011.
  5. ↑ Simon, Stephanie; Kennedy, J. Michael (November 7, 2010). "Aron Ralston – the Real Story - Los Angeles Times". LA Times Blog: The Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on November 9, 2010.
  6. ↑ Jenkins, Mark (August 1, 2003). "Aron Ralston - Between a Rock and the Hardest Place". Outside Online.
  7. ↑ Michael Inbar (December 9, 2009). "Hiker who cut off arm: My future son saved me". TODAY.com.
  8. ↑ Kennedy, J. Michael (May 9, 2003). "CMU grad describes cutting off his arm to save his life". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on April 28, 2007. Retrieved March 21, 2007.
  9. 1 2 "Profile of Aron Ralston, GQ's 2003 Survivor of the Year". GQ. November 24, 2003.
  10. ↑ Fischer, Mary Clare (October 29, 2018). "It's Been 15 Years Since Aron Ralston Amputated His Arm In Blue John Canyon". 5280.
  11. 1 2 Tom Brokaw; Colleen Halpin (September 10, 2004). "Desperate days in Blue John Canyon". Dateline NBC. NBC. Dateline NBC.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 "Aron Ralston - Speaker Profile". Keynotespeakers.com. September 1, 2005. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
  13. ↑ "Enough Rope with Andrew Denton". ABC Australia.
  14. ↑ Ralston, Aron (September 28, 2004). "Aron Ralston, cut off own arm to save his life". The Bob Rivers Show. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
  15. ↑ "Then & Now: Aron Ralston". CNN.com . April 4, 2005.
  16. ↑ Howell, Peter (November 11, 2010). "Between a rock and a happy place". The Star . Toronto. Archived from the original on November 15, 2010. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
  17. ↑ Aron Ralston (August 2006). "My Summit Problem". Outside Magazine. Archived from the original on September 2, 2010. Retrieved March 21, 2007.{{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  18. ↑ "14ers.com". 14ers Inc. Archived from the original on November 19, 2010. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
  19. ↑ Mutrie, Tim (March 11, 2005). "Ralston sends it: First solo winter fourteener project complete". The Aspen Times . Archived from the original on July 7, 2011. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  20. ↑ "Catching Up with Aron Ralston". Disaboom.com. Archived from the original on October 7, 2010. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
  21. ↑ "Perseverance Hall of Fame". Assurantemployeebenefits.com. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
  22. ↑ Hannaford, Alex (March 15, 2019). "127 Hours: Aron Ralston's story of survival" . The Telegraph. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
  23. ↑ Brick, Michael (March 31, 2009). "Climber Still Seeks Larger Meaning in His Epic Escape". The New York Times.
  24. ↑ "Record set: Trekker does Everest, both poles in a year". msnbc.com. October 15, 2010.
  25. ↑ "Explorers eye poles, Everest on climate mission". NBC News . Associated Press. September 21, 2008. Retrieved December 10, 2017.
  26. ↑ Pat Graham (November 21, 2008). "Explorer takes on Poles, Everest". Aspen Times.
  27. ↑ "Ralston says accident was 'a blessing in a way'". DeseretNews.com. April 9, 2009.
  28. ↑ Inbar, Michael (December 8, 2009). "Hiker who cut off arm: My future son saved me - TODAY People - People: Tales of survival". Today.msnbc.msn.com. Archived from the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
  29. ↑ "Pick Me Up CATCH-UP". Pick Me Up magazine. Archived from the original on September 1, 2010. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
  30. ↑ "Aron Ralston Interview – The Man Who's (sic) Real Life Story Danny Boyle's upcoming Movie '127 Hours' Is Based On". Flicks and Bits. October 8, 2010. Archived from the original on October 11, 2010. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
  31. ↑ "James Franco - One-armed Adventurer To Take Part In Game Show". Contactmusic.com. February 20, 2011.
  32. ↑ Potts, Kimberly (October 28, 2011). "'The Simpsons' Halloween: Al Jean on Farting Homer, a 'Dexter' Spoof and Aron Ralston". The Wrap .
  33. ↑ "Fox Details 'The Simpsons,' Oct. 30 Episode: 'Treehouse of Horror XXII'" Archived November 21, 2018, at the Wayback Machine . October 24, 2011. mediamarketjournal.com, Retrieved November 1, 2011
  34. ↑ "Alone In The Wild". ABC Television.
  35. ↑ "Web Redemption - S**tty Rock Climber - Uncensored". Tosh.0.
  36. ↑ McGhee, Tom (December 9, 2013). "Denver drops Aron Ralston case; girlfriend pleads not guilty".
  37. ↑ DAN ELLIOTT; P. SOLOMON BANDA (December 9, 2013). "Domestic case dropped against Aron Ralston, who cut off own arm". The Seattle Times.
  38. ↑ Thomas Hendrick (February 22, 2014). "Vita Shannon cleared in domestic violence charges with Aron Ralston". KDVR.
  39. ↑ Johnson, M. Alex (December 10, 2013). "Domestic violence charges dismissed against one-armed hiker depicted in '127 Hours'". NBC News. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
  40. ↑ Pushing the Limit NY Times, March 31, 2009
  41. ↑ "Spend 127 Hours with Danny Boyle". Dreadcentral.com. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
  42. ↑ Xan Brooks (November 5, 2009). "Danny Boyle climbs on mountaineer epic 127 Hours". Guardian. London. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
  43. ↑ Siegel, Tatiana (January 6, 2010). "James Franco puts in 'Hours'". Variety . Reed Business Information . Retrieved June 19, 2010.
  44. ↑ Kellett, Christine (September 15, 2010). "Audience faints at 'realistic' amputation film". The Age. Melbourne. Archived from the original on September 18, 2010. Retrieved September 15, 2010.
  45. ↑ "127 Hours". Rotten Tomatoes . Fandango Media . Retrieved October 23, 2023.
  46. ↑ Barkham, Patrick (December 15, 2010). "The extraordinary story behind Danny Boyle's 127 Hours". The Guardian. London.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.