Bear Lodge Mountains

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Bear Lodge Mountains
Devils Tower aerial.jpg
Devils Tower National Monument, a popular attraction in the Bear Lodge Mountains
Highest point
PeakBear Lodge Mountain, also known as Warren Peak
Elevation 2,024 m (6,640 ft)at the Bear Lodge Mountain Lookout Tower, also known as Warren Peak Lookout [1]
Coordinates 44°28′33″N104°26′38″W / 44.4758185°N 104.4438419°W / 44.4758185; -104.4438419 Coordinates: 44°28′33″N104°26′38″W / 44.4758185°N 104.4438419°W / 44.4758185; -104.4438419
Geography
USA Wyoming location map.svg
Red triangle with thick white border.svg
Bear Lodge Mountains
Location of the Bear Lodge Mountains in Wyoming
Country United States
State Wyoming

The Bear Lodge Mountains (Lakota : Mato Tipila) are a small mountain range in Crook County, Wyoming. [2] These mountains are protected in the Black Hills National Forest as part of its Bearlodge District. Devils Tower National Monument was the first U.S. National Monument and draws about 400,000 visitors per year to the area. The Bear Lodge Mountains are one of three mountain ranges which compose the Black Hills region and national forest, including the Black Hills itself and South Dakota's Elk Mountains.

Contents

Sundance, Wyoming, is the closest major city and lies south of the Bear Lodge Mountains. Wyoming Highway 24 (the Bear Lodge Highway) passes through the northern part of the range.

History

Devils Tower, 1888 Grabill - Devils Tower-1.jpg
Devils Tower, 1888

The place names Bear Lodge, Sun Dance, and Rock Gatherer (Inyan Kara) come from the history of Lakota people in this area. Devils Tower was declared a United States National Monument in 1906. From 1907 to 1908, the area was the Bear Lodge National Forest, then the Sundance National Forest through 1915, before becoming a district of the Black Hills National Forest.

Geography

The Bear Lodge Mountains were formed as a byproduct of the geological processes that created the Black Hills, and offer hikes throughout bottomlands, hills, and buttes. Unlike the Black Hills, this range is small and only a few igneous rocks are exposed. [3] Just outside the range, however, lie the very large igneous intrusions of Devils Tower, Inyan Kara Mountain, and Sundance Mountain. [3]

Bounded on the north by the Belle Fourche River, the mountains have several Belle Fourche River tributaries including Redwater, Blacktail, Miller, Beaver, Lytle, Lame Jones, and Hay Creeks. There were coal mines in these river valleys. [4]

Habitat

While ponderosa pine and mixed-grass prairie grow on the highland of this range, its ravines offer habitat to species such as wild rose, skunkbush sumac, and chokecherry. At the foot of the mountains grow bur oak. Groves of aspen frequently separate meadows with fine soil from ponderosa pine forests growing in coarse soil. [5] Vegetation in the Bear Lodge Mountains is similar to that of the Black Hills, although the Bear Lodge Mountains have no white spruce. The mountains' growing season is long, and forest growth in this range and the Black Hills is high. This productivity has led to high levels of logging. [3]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crook County, Wyoming</span> County in Wyoming, United States

Crook County is a county in the northeastern section of the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 7,181, making it the third-least populous county in Wyoming. Its county seat is Sundance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sundance, Wyoming</span> Town in Wyoming, United States

Sundance is a town in and the county seat of Crook County, Wyoming, United States. Its population was 1,032 at the 2020 census. The town is named after the Sun Dance ceremony practiced by several American Indian tribes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Devils Tower</span> United States National Monument near Moorcroft, Wyoming

Devils Tower is a butte, possibly laccolithic, composed of igneous rock in the Bear Lodge Ranger District of the Black Hills, near Hulett and Sundance in Crook County, northeastern Wyoming, above the Belle Fourche River. It rises 1,267 feet (386 m) above the Belle Fourche River, standing 867 feet (264 m) from summit to base. The summit is 5,112 feet (1,558 m) above sea level.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Devils Postpile National Monument</span> National monument in California, United States

Devils Postpile National Monument is a U.S. National Monument located near Mammoth Mountain in Eastern California. The monument protects Devils Postpile, an unusual rock formation of columnar basalt, “all closely and perfectly fitted together like a vast mosaic.” The monument encompasses 798 acres (323 ha) and includes two main attractions: the Devils Postpile formation and Rainbow Falls, a waterfall on the Middle Fork of the San Joaquin River. In addition, the John Muir Trail and Pacific Crest Trail merge into one trail as they pass through the monument. Excluding a small developed area containing the monument headquarters, visitor center and a campground, the National Monument lies within the borders of the Ansel Adams Wilderness.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Belle Fourche River</span> River in Wyoming and South Dakota, United States

The Belle Fourche River is a tributary of the Cheyenne River, approximately 290 miles (470 km) long, in the U.S. states of Wyoming and South Dakota. It is part of the Mississippi River watershed via the Cheyenne and Missouri rivers. In the latter part of the 19th century, the Belle Fourche River was known as the North Fork of the Cheyenne River. Belle Fourche is a name derived from French meaning "beautiful fork".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cheyenne River</span> River in western South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black Hills National Forest</span> U.S. national forest located in the states of South Dakota and Wyoming

Black Hills National Forest is located in southwestern South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming, United States. The forest has an area of over 1.25 million acres (5,066 km²) and is managed by the Forest Service. Forest headquarters are located in Custer, South Dakota. There are local ranger district offices in Custer, Rapid City, and Spearfish in South Dakota, and in Sundance, Wyoming.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beulah, Wyoming</span> CDP in Wyoming, United States

Beulah is a census-designated place (CDP) in eastern Crook County, Wyoming, United States, along Sand Creek, a tributary of the Belle Fourche River. According to local residents, the population is 33. When the 2010 census reported the population as 73, the highway sign at the town entrance was changed. In 2012, Beulah residents succeeded in appealing to the Wyoming Governor to remove the new sign and replace it with one that proclaimed the population to be 33.

Bear Lodge National Forest is a discontinued entity which has been absorbed into the Black Hills National Forest. It is located in the U.S. in the state of Wyoming, in the north central part of the American mainland. It was established in the Bear Lodge Mountains by the U.S. Forest Service in Wyoming on July 1, 1907 with 136,784 acres (553.55 km2). The forest was named for Devils Tower or the "Bear Lodge". On July 1, 1908 the forest was combined with part of Black Hills National Forest to establish Sundance National Forest and the name was discontinued. The lands are presently included in Black Hills National Forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black Hills</span> Mountain range in South Dakota and Wyoming

The Black Hills is an isolated mountain range rising from the Great Plains of North America in western South Dakota and extending into Wyoming, United States. Black Elk Peak, which rises to 7,244 feet (2,208 m), is the range's highest summit. The Black Hills encompass the Black Hills National Forest. The name of the hills in Lakota is Pahá Sápa. The Black Hills are considered a holy site. The hills are so called because of their dark appearance from a distance, as they are covered in evergreen trees.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inyan Kara Mountain</span> United States historic place

Inyan Kara Mountain is a mountain associated with the Bear Lodge Mountains of Crook County, Wyoming, that is considered sacred by the Lakota people, particularly for mothers in childbirth. Inyan Kara stands apart from the main body of the Black Hills, with an elevation of 6,368 feet (1,941 m). The mountain was stated to rumble on quiet days by the local Native Americans and by early explorers. No mention of the noises is found after 1833; the noise has been attributed to gas escaping from burning coal seams.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Missouri Buttes</span>

Missouri Buttes or Little Missouri Buttes are located in Crook County in northeast Wyoming on the northwest flank of the Black Hills Uplift. The buttes are 3.5 miles (5.6 km) northwest (N60°W) of Devils Tower between the Little Missouri and the Belle Fourche rivers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Watch Tower (mountain)</span>

Watch Tower is a mountain located in the southern Wind River Range in the U.S. state of Wyoming. Watch Tower is on the west side of the Cirque of the Towers, a popular climbing area and is just southeast of Block Tower. Watch Tower is immediately east of the Continental Divide.

The Inyan Kara Group is a geologic group classification applied in South Dakota and adopted in portions of Wyoming and Montana. It preserves fossils of the mid-Cretaceous period. Of late Albian age, this classification correlates with the lower Dakota Formation known in the southwest corner of the State.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elk Mountains (South Dakota)</span>

The Elk Mountains are a small range of mountains in western South Dakota, forming the southwest portion of the Black Hills as part of its west-dipping monocline. They are geologically distinct from the Black Hills, on the other side of a "racetrack" region of red stone. The ridge of the Elk Mountains is formed of harder sandstones. The east face of the Elk Mountains is a 300-to-800-foot high escarpment, but the west portion falls slowly and features many canyons.

References

  1. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Bear Lodge Lookout Tower
  2. "Bear Lodge Mountains". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  3. 1 2 3 Hunger, Bill (2008). Wyoming: 110 of the State's Best Hiking Adventures. Globe Pequot Press. ISBN   978-0-7627-3420-7 . Retrieved 19 August 2014.
  4. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1909. p. 86. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
  5. Knight, Dennis H. (1 August 1996). "Chapter 16". Mountains and Plains: The Ecology of Wyoming Landscapes. Yale University Press. ISBN   978-0-300-06856-6 . Retrieved 19 August 2014.